A high optical access cryogenic system for Rydberg atom arrays with a 3000-second trap lifetime

We present an optical tweezer array of 87Rb atoms housed in an cryogenic environment that successfully combines a 4 K cryopumping surface, a <50 K cold box surrounding the atoms, and a room-temperature high-numerical-aperture objective lens.

We measured a 3000 s atom trap lifetime, which enables us to optimize and measure losses at the 10^-4 level that arise during imaging and cooling, which are important to array rearrangement.

We demonstrate ground-state qubit manipulation using both Raman transitions and an integrated microwave antenna. Additionally, we implement two-photon coherent control of Rydberg states, with the local electric field tuned to zero through integrated electrodes on a reconfigured 2D array.

This low-vibration, high-optical access cryogenic platform can be used with a wide range of optically trapped atomic or molecular species for applications in quantum computing, simulation, and metrology.