Bulletin of the American Physical Society
53rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 67, Number 7
Monday–Friday, May 30–June 3 2022; Orlando, Florida
Session U08: Progress in Neutral-Atom Based Quantum Computing ArchitecturesRecordings Available
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Chair: Dolev Bluvstein, Harvard University; Hannes Bernien, UChicago Room: Salon 7/8 |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
U08.00001: A cloud-accessible, programmable quantum simulator based on two-dimensional neutral atom arrays Jesse Amato-Grill, Alexander Keesling, Nathan Gemelke, Alexei Bylinskii, Alexander Lukin Neutral atom arrays recently emerged as one the leading platforms for large-scale quantum computing and simulations. These systems offer a variety of possible qubit encodings with long coherence times, along with exceptional programmability and reconfigurability of the array geometry and qubit connectivity. In addition, strong, highly coherent coupling between the qubits can be achieved using Rydberg states of the atoms. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
U08.00002: A dual-element, two-dimensional atom array with continuous-mode operation for ancilla-assisted quantum protocols Shraddha Anand, Kevin Singh, Ryan White, Vikram Ramesh, Hannes Bernien Independent control of multiple qubit modalities significantly increases the capabilities of any quantum information processing platform. Optical tweezer arrays of individually trapped neutral atoms have recently implemented large, coherent quantum systems. However, due to the inherently identical nature of the atoms and fluorescence-based destructive imaging techniques, the platform suffers from the lack of scalable crosstalk-free control. Such control is essential for feedback-based quantum protocols like non-demolition readouts and error correction. To address this challenge, we present the experimental implementation of a dual-element atom array with individual control of single rubidium and cesium atoms. We demonstrate the independent placement, cooling, and imaging of the two elements in arbitrary geometries with up to 512 sites and observe negligible crosstalk between them, thereby providing access to multiple qubit modalities [1]. This allows us to operate the array in an uninterrupted manner without any off-time, providing pathways to continuously operating quantum processors and sensors. We discuss these results and their implications for ancilla-assisted protocols such as efficient preparation of highly-entangled states and novel crosstalk-free measurement. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
U08.00003: A quantum processor based on coherent transport of entangled atom arrays Dolev Bluvstein, Harry Levine, Giulia Semeghini, Tout T Wang, Sepehr Ebadi, Marcin Kalinowski, Alexander Keesling, Tom Manovitz, Simon Evered, Nishad Maskara, Hannes Pichler, Markus Greiner, Vladan Vuletic, Mikhail Lukin The ability to engineer parallel, programmable operations between desired qubits within a quantum processor is central for building scalable quantum information systems. In most state-of-the-art approaches, qubits interact locally, constrained by the connectivity associated with their fixed spatial layout. Here, we demonstrate a quantum processor with dynamic, nonlocal connectivity, in which entangled qubits are coherently transported in a highly parallel manner across two spatial dimensions, in between layers of single- and two-qubit operations [1]. Our approach makes use of neutral atom arrays trapped and transported by optical tweezers; hyperfine states are used for robust quantum information storage, and excitation into Rydberg states is used for entanglement generation. We use this architecture to realize programmable generation of entangled graph states such as cluster states and a 7-qubit Steane code state. Furthermore, we shuttle entangled ancilla arrays to realize a surface code with 19 qubits and a toric code state on a torus with 24 qubits. Finally, we use this architecture to realize a hybrid analog-digital evolution and employ it for measuring entanglement entropy in quantum simulations, experimentally observing non-monotonic entanglement dynamics associated with quantum many-body scars. Realizing a long-standing goal, these results pave the way toward scalable quantum processing and enable new applications ranging from simulation to metrology. I will also highlight other recent many-body physics results and discuss future applications. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
U08.00004: Progress Towards Generating a 3D Cluster State via Cold-atom Collisions in an Optical Lattice Peng Du, Felipe Giraldo Mejia, Maarten de Haan, David S Weiss Cluster states are highly robust, maximally-entangled states. Among their many novel features, they present a possible route to quantum computation [1]. We will report our progress towards the creation of a 3D cluster state via collisional entangling gates with neutral atoms trapped in a 3D optical lattice [2]. We sort the trapped cesium atoms into a 4x4x3 array. We then cool them so that more than 97% of them are in the 3D vibrational ground state. Next, we prepare all the atoms in an equal superposition of two ground hyperfine states. We then use a state-dependent lattice to spatially split the wave functions of atoms and collide them with their nearest neighbors, before recombining the separated wave functions. By performing this collision procedure sequentially in three directions, we can generate a 3D cluster state. We will characterize the fidelity of this generated 3D cluster state by measuring its stabilizers using our ability to address single atoms. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
U08.00005: Atom quantum computing in a 2D neutral Cs array Trent Graham, Yunheung Song, Jacob Scott, Cody Poole, Linipun Phuttitarn, Kais Jooya, Patrick Eichler, Xiaoyu Jiang, Minho Kwon, Brandon Grinkemeyer, Matthew Ebert, Josh Cherek, Martin Lichtman, Matthew Gillette, Jonathan Gilbert, David Bowman, Tim Ballance, Colin Campbell, Edward D Dahl, Ophelia Crawford, Nick Blunt, Ben Rogers, Tom Noel, Mark Saffman We present the implementation of quantum circuits performed on a lattice of neutral atom qubits. Atoms are loaded into a blue-detuned optical lattice constructed from cross-hatched lines which form optical traps. Atomic rearrangement using optical tweezers is used to deterministically load atoms into targeted sites. Single site quantum gates are performed using resonant microwaves and site selective Stark shifts. Controlled-Z gates are performed using two photon Rydberg excitations. Using this universal gate set, we create large entangled states and demonstrate a variety of multi-qubit quantum algorithms. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
U08.00006: Fundamental and technical aspects of neutral atom entanglement via adiabatic Rydberg dressing Anupam Mitra, sivaprasad T Omanakuttan, Michael J Martin, Ivan H Deutsch Interactions between Rydberg states have been used to entangle neutral Rubidium, Cesium, Strontium and Ytterbium atoms. Adiabatic Rydberg dressing, involving an adiabatic passage from ground states to Rydberg states and back, is a way of using the Rydberg state interaction energy to accumulate non-local phases. Adiabatic Rydberg dressing using one-photon transition from ground to Rydberg states with a spin-echo sequence can be used to implement a Mølmer-Sørensen gate that is robust to many experimental uncertainties [1, 2, 3]. We discuss rapid adiabatic passages using a two-photon transition, which do not require an ultra-violet laser and are easier to implement, using only amplitude modulation of one laser. We estimate the fundamental limits to non-local phase accumulation via Rydberg dressing and its scaling with Rabi frequency, detuning, interaction energy and Rydberg state lifetime. We find that qubit entanglers can be achieved with high fidelity using adiabatic Rydberg dressing across different blockade regimes using adiabatic passages and spin-echo, providing a promising tool for neutral atom quantum computation. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
U08.00007: High-fidelity multiqubit Rydberg gates via two-photon adiabatic rapid passage Gerard Pelegrí, Andrew J Daley, Jonathan D Pritchard Neutral atom arrays are a promising platform for quantum information processing. One of the crucial advantages of this architecture is the ability to implement native multiqubit operations by exploiting the strong interactions between highly excited Rydberg states. In this work, we present a robust protocol for realizing high-fidelity multiqubit controlled phase gates (CkZ) on neutral atom qubits. Our scheme is based on extending adiabatic rapid passage to two-photon excitation via a short-lived intermediate excited state, as is typical in alkali-atom Rydberg experiments. We evaluate and optimize gate performance for Cs atoms accounting for the full impact of spontaneous decay and differential AC Stark shifts from the complete manifold of hyperfine excited states, concluding that a CCZ gate with fidelity F>0.995 for three qubits and CCCZ with F>0.99 for four qubits is attainable in ~1.8 μs for currently available laser frequencies and powers, with future technologies allowing access to higher fidelities. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
U08.00008: Characterization of site-resolved coherent control on an array of nuclear spin qubits Lucas S Peng, Atom Computing Neutral atoms trapped in optical tweezers are a promising platform for implementing scalable quantum computers. Here we introduce a system with the ability to individually manipulate a two-dimensional array of nuclear spin qubits. Each qubit is encoded in the ground state manifold of 87Sr and is individually addressable by site-selective beams. We observe negligible spin relaxation after 5 seconds, indicating that T1 ≫ 5 s. We also demonstrate significant phase coherence over the entire array, measuring T*2 = (21 ± 7) s and Techo = (42 ± 6) s with a single echo pulse. Utilizing gate set tomography (GST), we obtain single qubit gate fidelities greater than 99.0%. Capitalizing on these beneficial properties of our optical tweezer platform, we aim to scale this system to a larger array of qubits in a parallelizable manner. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
U08.00009: Coherent site-resolved control between nuclear spin ground states and Rydberg states in 87Sr Tsung-Yao Wu, Atom Computing Neutral atom arrays have emerged as a promising platform for scalable quantum computation. Recently we have demonstrated a quantum register based on nuclear spin ground states in 87Sr, with second-long coherence times and single-qubit gates with a fidelity > 99%. Exploiting the interaction between atoms in highly-excited Rydberg states allows fast, high fidelity multi-qubit gates. Here we present coherent manipulations between a strontium 87 nuclear-spin ground state and a Rydberg state. Our two-photon excitation scheme, based on the single-qubit operation infrastructure and tightly focused UV beams, readily offers site selectivity, which allows individual multi-qubit control. We characterize the coherence and interaction properties, improve the performance with simulations, and explore the future prospects of this system. |
Thursday, June 2, 2022 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
U08.00010: High-fidelity, arbitrary two-qubit gates with neutral atoms Shengtao Wang, Dominik Wild, Corbin McElhanney, Sambuddha Chattopadhyay, Boris Braverman High-fidelity entangling gates such as the control-phase and CNOT gates have recently been demonstrated with neutral atoms interacting via Rydberg states. Beyond these standard gates, many algorithms and benchmarking protocols require arbitrary or random two-qubit operations. However, the decomposition of such operations into standard two- and one-qubit gates typically incurs a large gate count, leading to deep circuits that are beyond the reach of today's quantum computing devices. Here, we develop a new pulse sequence targeting the neutral atom platform, to implement an arbitrary two-qubit operation with at most 11 pulses, significantly improving over the decomposition into standard gates. We perform thorough error analysis and compare the fidelity of our proposed implementation with existing methods. |
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