Bulletin of the American Physical Society
52nd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 66, Number 6
Monday–Friday, May 31–June 4 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session Z10: Lasers, quantum emitters, quantum opticsLive
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Chair: Elohim Becerra, UNM |
Friday, June 4, 2021 10:30AM - 10:42AM Live |
Z10.00001: Separation-dependent emission pathways of quantum emitters. Jugal Talukdar, D. Blume System-environment interactions have been studied extensively for many decades and recent developments in quantum optics and circuit QED provide intriguing possibilities for realizing non-linear environments. The Bose-Hubbard lattice for photons, e.g., has been realized experimentally using superconducting circuits, thereby providing an exciting platform to study effective interactions between quantum emitters mediated by the engineered photonic environment. We consider a collection of macroscopically separated two-level emitters coupled to a non-linear environment and study the dissipative dynamics. Specifically, we report our theoretical progress on understanding the criteria for the existence of specific emission pathways as a function of the positions of the emitters. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 10:42AM - 10:54AM Live |
Z10.00002: Topological stability of stored Bessel beams via electromagnetically-induced transparency in rubidium vapor Jianqiao Li, Scott Wenner, Reese Tyra, Kefeng Jiang, Kenneth DeRose, Linzhao Zhuo, Samir Bali We report on experimental and theoretical work in which we first store a Gaussian beam via electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in 87Rb vapor, and study the evolution of its intensity profile. We show how the size of the input Gaussian beam gets enlarged due to diffusion, and discuss degrading effects on storage. Next, we produce a Bessel beam with an axicon and show that the topological features of the beam help combat the degradation from diffusion. For comparison, we store an "imposter Bessel beam" - a Gaussian beam carrying two dark rings resembling the central part of a Bessel beam - and show that the imposter is unstable and quickly degrades into a Gaussian. This work suggests the possibility of enhancing alkali atom-based information storage by engineering the electric field profile of the beam. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 10:54AM - 11:06AM Live |
Z10.00003: Floquet-topological behavior of finite and infinite square lattices with different driving schemes Helena Drueeke, Dieter Bauer We investigate a tight-binding model of a single particle on a two-dimensional, square lattice with periodic boundary conditions (PBC) in both spatial dimensions (bulk), PBC in only one dimension (strip geometry), as well as finite systems. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 11:06AM - 11:18AM Live |
Z10.00004: Developing a quantum control scheme for the detection of high energy charged particles using the strong non-linear optical response response of atomic media in EIT states. Aneesh Ramaswamy, Irina B Novikova, Svetlana A Malinovskaya The strong non-linear optical response of atomic systems in EIT states is considered as a means to detect the presence of small perturbations to steady states. For the 3 level system, expressions for the group velocity and group velocity dispersion (GVD) were derived and a quantum control protocol was established to account for the change in the chirp spectrum of a probe pulse when the steady state was perturbed. This was applied to the propagation of slow Cherenkov polaritons in the medium due to the passage of a train of high-energy charged particles (HEcPs). The choice of the initial steady state with focus on the slow light condition and strong narrowly confined dispersion, equated to the continuous trapping of Cherenkov polaritons in the medium along a narrow group cone, allowing for non-trivial fields to accumulate. Considering another medium prepared for detection of radiation, sweeping of the control field and detuning parameters in the field-atom parameter space showed the presence of optimal regions to maximize the first order perturbation in the coherences- thus creating controlled changes in the optical responses that modify the chirp spectra of probe pulses. The results from this investigation show similar analogues in complex systems beyond the scope of this investigation. Systems such as semiconductors and 2D metals coupled to cavity radiation are considered as future branches for investigation. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 11:18AM - 11:30AM Live |
Z10.00005: Quantum optics with long-lived optically inaccessible spins Roy Shaham, Or Katz, Ofer Firstenberg The nuclear spins of noble gases are isolated from the environment exceptionally well and can maintain coherence for hours. Unfortunately, these spins are not accessible to light in the optical domain. Therefore, as opposed to optically-accessible alkali-metal spins employed in quantum optics and metrology, the (potential) quantum qualities of noble-gas spins have been beyond reach and largely ignored. We show that thermal spin-exchange collisions between noble-gas and alkali-metal spins form a quantum interface between them [1,2]. Despite their stochastic nature, these weak collisions accumulate to a deterministic, efficient, and controllable coupling between the collective spins of the two ensembles. The interface paves the way to employing noble-gas spins in the quantum domain, for example, as an optical quantum memory with hour-long lifetimes [3,4]. In experiments, we realize the strong coupling of potassium to helium-3 spins and witness the periodic exchange of their spin coherence [5]. We then introduce light fields and demonstrate the efficient bi-directional optical interface to helium-3 [6]. We discuss the prospects for generating long-lived entanglement between distant noble-gas ensembles [7]. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 11:30AM - 11:42AM Live |
Z10.00006: Effect of Closely-Spaced Excited States on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Saesun Kim, Alberto M Marino Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a well-known phenomenon due in part to its applicability to quantum memories. While EIT is commonly modeled with a three-level lambda system, this simplified model does not capture all the physics of EIT experiments with real atoms. We present a theoretical study of the effect of two closely spaced excited states on EIT and off-resonance Raman transitions after Doppler broadening. We find that EIT transmission can be enhanced when the separation of the two excited states is smaller than their Doppler broadened linewidth. However, unequal dipole moments of the transitions to the excited states cause a shift of the two-photon resonance frequency that limits the maximum EIT transparency even under ideal conditions of no decoherence. As a result, complete transparency cannot be achieved in a vapor cell for transitions with unequal dipole strengths. To verify our result, we present experimental EIT measurements in the D1 lines of $^{85}$Rb and $^{87}$Rb that agree with the theoretical predictions when the interaction of the fields with the four levels is taken into account. Furthermore, we provide a model based on a dressed state picture that captures the underlying physics that explains the different behaviors of EIT in the presence of two closely spaced excited states for all possible transitions of the Rb D1 lines. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 11:42AM - 11:54AM Live |
Z10.00007: Collective quantum beats without an initial superposition Hyok S Han, Ahreum Lee, Kanupriya Sinha, Fredrik Fatemi, Steven L Rolston The phenomenon of quantum beats is a well-established process, completely understood, and long used as a spectroscopic technique in various systems. Here we demonstrate two new aspects in understanding and using quantum beats - (i) coupling to the electromagnetic vacuum allows for beating without an initial superposition between the excited levels [1], and (ii) by detecting the transmission in the forward direction in a superradiant burst, quantum beats can be collectively enhanced, increasing the signal strength useful in systems with low signal-to-noise. We derive an analytical expression for the vacuum-induced collective quantum beats from a superradiant ensemble of three-level V-system atoms. We experimentally observe such dynamics from the forward emission of magneto-optically trapped 85Rb atoms illuminated by a weak drive field resonant on only one transition. After a sudden turn-off of the drive, the subsequent radiative dynamics exhibit amplification of the quantum beats proportional to the overall decay rate, in excellent agreement with the theory. These new aspects of quantum beats may be utilized to enhance spectroscopic precision, generate entangled photons, and study the delayed feedback dynamics in waveguide systems. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 11:54AM - 12:06PM Live |
Z10.00008: Many-body collective decay in subwavelength atomic arrays Stuart J Masson, Igor Ferrier-Barbut, Luis A Orozco, Antoine Browaeys, Ana Asenjo-Garcia Collective effects in subwavelength atomic ensembles lead to exotic optical properties that have begun to be explored in experimental systems [1,2]. Here, we investigate the physics of collective decay in ordered atomic arrays, going beyond single-excitation phenomena. The decay of a fully inverted ensemble of atoms at the same spatial location is well known: where the emitted light initially grows in intensity and photons are emitted in a short burst, so-called Dicke superradiance [3]. However, atoms separated by large distances act independently and their decay is exponential, monotonically decreasing in time. We connect these separate regimes by considering mesoscopic atomic arrays [4]. We show that the superradiant burst survives at small interatomic distances, though with a reduced amplitude, and late decay becomes strongly subradiant and directional. As the interatomic separation is increased, the size of the burst decreases, eventually disappearing. The crossover between these regimes can be identified solely by investigating very early dynamics. This allows for predictions to be made for large atom numbers, and identification of geometries where this physics could be probed experimentally. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 12:06PM - 12:18PM Live |
Z10.00009: Quantum Shadow Imaging Savannah Cuozzo, Pratik Barge, Nikunjkumar Prajapati, Narayan Bhusal, Hwang Lee, Lior Cohen, Irina B Novikova, Eugeniy E Mikhailov We demonstrate the possibility to image and reconstruct its spatial transmission map of an object by illuminating it with a squeezed vacuum and analyzing the quantum noise statistics of the transmitted optical field. Since an opaque object obstructs the original squeezed vacuum and replaces it with a coherent vacuum, the shape of the object will present itself as a shot-noise "shadow" in the quantum noise landscape. In order to reconstruct the quantum noise of the transmitted field, we realize the spatial analog of the balanced homodyne detection that uses a camera, rather than a single-pixel photodetector. Our proposed method is most suitable for applications requiring extremely low light conditions, where the dark noise of a camera is detrimental for traditional intensity imaging. |
Friday, June 4, 2021 12:18PM - 12:30PM Live |
Z10.00010: Asymmetry Theory derived from the principle of constant light speed QIAN CHEN The principle of the constancy of the velocity of light was well established, but interestingly the further assumption that the light velocity is independent of the motion of the observer was never directly proven by any experiment. Based solely on this principle without any unproven assumptions, a comprehensive theoretic framework, named “Asymmetry Theory”, is derived purely through strict mathematics, including: |
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