Bulletin of the American Physical Society
52nd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 66, Number 6
Monday–Friday, May 31–June 4 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session K08: Cavity QEDLive
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Chair: Alejandra Collopy, NIST |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 10:30AM - 10:42AM Live |
K08.00001: Entropy transfer from a quantum particle to a classical coherent light field John P Bartolotta, Jarrod Reilly, Simon Jaeger, Matthew A Norcia, James K Thompson, Graeme Smith, Murray J Holland In the field of light-matter interactions, it is often assumed that a classical light field remains almost unchanged and thus contains nearly no information about the manipulated particles. To investigate the validity of this assumption, we develop and theoretically analyze a simple Gedankenexperiment which involves the interaction of a coherent state with a quantum particle in an optical cavity. We quantify the resulting alteration of the coherent state by measuring its fidelity with the equilibrium light field state. We also apply the method of Bayesian inference to demonstrate the information transfer through photon measurements. In addition, we employ the concepts of quantum entropy and mutual information to quantify the entropy transfer from the particle to the light field. We validate the usually assumed negligible alteration of the light field and entropy transfer in the weak coupling limit. In the strong coupling limit, however, we find that the information of the initial particle state can be fully encoded in the light field. Our analysis provides a deeper understanding of the entropy exchange between quantum matter and classical light. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 10:42AM - 10:54AM Live |
K08.00002: Optical Magnetism and Huygens' Surfaces in Arrays of Atoms Induced by Cooperative Responses Kyle Ballantine, Janne Ruostekoski By utilizing strong optical resonant interactions in arrays of atoms with electric dipole transitions, we show how to synthesize collective optical responses that correspond to those formed by arrays of magnetic dipoles and other multipoles. Optically active magnetism with the strength comparable with that of electric dipole transitions is achieved in collective excitation eigenmodes of the array. By controlling the atomic level shifts, an array of spectrally overlapping, crossed electric and magnetic dipoles can be excited, providing a physical realization of a nearly reflectionless quantum Huygens' surface with the full 2π phase control of the transmitted light that allows for extreme wavefront engineering even at a single photon level. We illustrate this by creating a superposition of two different orbital angular momentum states of light from an ordinary input state that has no orbital angular momentum. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 10:54AM - 11:06AM Live |
K08.00003: Nonlinear spectroscopy and chemical reactivity of anharmonic vibrational polaritons in the ultrastrong coupling regime Johan F Triana, Felipe Herrera Light-matter interaction of molecular vibrations with confined infrared fields is a powerful resource for controlling the spectroscopy and chemical reactivity of molecular materials [1]. Experiments show that the properties of vibrational polariton states can strongly depend on the detailed internal structure of the coupled molecules [2]. We introduce fully-quantum theory for the coupling of a Morse oscillator with an infrared cavity, taking into account both transition and permanent molecular dipole moments [3], and show that at the onset of ultrastrong coupling, polar molecular modes can spontaneously dissociate when placed inside a cavity [4]. The same theory has been successfully used to describe ultrafast polariton-to-polariton transitions in two- dimensional infrared cavity spectroscopy [5]. Our work thus offers mechanistic insights on the spectroscopy and chemistry hybrid vibration-cavity states. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 11:06AM - 11:18AM Live |
K08.00004: Non-Markovian atom-only dynamics in multimode cavity QED François Damanet, Andrew Daley, Jonathan Keeling Ultracold atoms in multimode cavity QED provide an ideal platform to study quantum many-body physics out of equilibrium, as the cavity modes mediate tunable-range interactions between atoms allowing for the exploration of a wide range of models [1]. In such systems, it is desirable to derive open quantum system descriptions of the atoms in order to significantly shrink the Hilbert space, which otherwise becomes quickly intractable. However, we will show that the most standard approximations used to derive such atom-only descriptions can lead to wrong predictions, even in the simple case of the driven-dissipative Dicke model in a single-mode cavity. In this context, we will show that a Redfield master equation for the atoms (which goes beyond the secular approximation and the large detuning limit) is needed to predict the existence of the superradiant phase transition [2]. Then, we will present how an exact non-Markovian stochastic method [3] can be used to overcome the problem of choosing the right atom-only model, allowing for an accurate numerical description of the atomic dynamics in single- and multimode cavities. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 11:18AM - 11:30AM Live |
K08.00005: Multimode cavity QED as an active quantum gas microscope Ronen Kroeze, Brendan Marsh, Yudan Guo, Benjamin L Lev Optical cavity QED provides a versatile platform with which to explore quantum many-body physics in driven-dissipative systems. Multimode cavities are particularly useful for exploring beyond mean-field physics. The participation of many degenerate cavity modes allows one to have high control over the photon-mediated atom-atom interaction. In a confocal cavity this interaction becomes highly localized. In a related fashion, the tight (super)mode spot also implies an enhanced cavity cooperativity; our measurements imply cooperativities exceeding 25 in the confocal cavity, which enable the observation of phenomena dominated by quantum fluctuations. We experimentally investigate the interaction range of our current confocal cavity setup, demonstrating an asymptotic interaction range of 3 microns, currently limited by mirror aberrations and finite-size effects. A small part of the intracavity field is continuously emitted through the cavity mirrors, providing a direct, spatially resolved observation channel of the atoms within. The photon-mediated interactions enabled by the system, combined with its built-in spatial resolvability, allow it to serve as an active quantum gas microscope. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 11:30AM - 11:42AM Live |
K08.00006: Impact of inter-atomic separation on the Coherent Perfect Absorption in two-emitter cavity quantum electrodynamics Imran M Mirza The phenomenon of Coherent Perfect Absorption (CPA) makes use of the destructive interference among scattering amplitudes to completely absorb the light incident on a lossy medium. Besides applications in several areas of optical physics, the process of CPA can also be utilized for the storage of quantum information in cavity quantum electrodynamics architectures. Motivated by this application, in this talk, we'll analyze how CPA can be achieved in a bidirectional single-mode optical cavity with two coupled quantum emitters. In particular, we'll discuss in what ways the inter-atomic separation and the atomic saturation (due to strong input field pumping) will influence the perfect absorption of two identical lasers shined on such a setup in the presence of cavity mirror and spontaneous emission losses. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 11:42AM - 11:54AM Live |
K08.00007: Single atom cavity scanning microscope Emma Deist, Leon Lu, Justin Gerber, Johannes Zeiher, Dan M Stamper-Kurn Cavity QED provides a powerful set of tools for manipulating atomic systems, facilitating weak and strong measurements of different atomic observables and enabling long-range interactions by the exchange of real or virtual cavity photons. Ultimate control of these interactions requires accurate positioning of individual atoms relative to the cavity field. We present a novel cavity QED system of a tweezer array of single rubidium atoms trapped in a high finesse near-concentric optical cavity. Individual atom-cavity couplings are controlled by tuning tweezer position, and single atoms are imaged with high fidelity through a high numerical aperture (NA=0.5) objective transverse to the cavity. In this work, we measure cavity fields of different wavelengths (780 and 1560nm) and spatial structure (TEM00 and TEM01 Hermite-Gaussian modes) by detecting the AC Stark shift they impose on the atoms, manifested in the fluorescence imaging scattering rate. This measurement provides a detailed characterization of the modes supported by the optical cavity. The single-atom control demonstrated in this work serves as a basis for implementing cavity-assisted long-range interactions and measurement and paves the way to exploring correlated many-body states in optical cavities at the single-atom level. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 11:54AM - 12:06PM Live |
K08.00008: Towards Building a Photon-Photon Gate Using an Atomic Double-Cavity QED System Guodong Cui, Samet Demircan, Bertus S Jordaan, Christopher Ianzano, Eden Figueroa There are significant efforts worldwide to build a quantum internet that can distribute and process entangled photons. It has been envisioned that second and third generation quantum communication networks should be assisted with photonic quantum gates [1]. Constructing a photonic quantum gate is a non-trivial task, however the cavity QED platforms has been shown to be a realistic pathway for its realizations [2]. We have constructed a platform that combines the ideas of two leading elements of quantum technology, namely collective enhancement effects in a cold rubidium 87 atomic ensemble in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). For the first time, we show two Fabry-Perot cavities coupled to the same atomic ensemble, forming a double cavity QED systems. We report our recent experimental progress, demonstrating vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) simultaneously in both cavities, each on resonance with the D2 line, F=2 to F'=3 transition. We also present our predictions based on a full master equation simulation of the system, showing strong evidence that quantum-level cross-talk between the cavities is achievable. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 12:06PM - 12:18PM Live |
K08.00009: Subradiant-to-Subradiant Phase Transition in the Bad Cavity Laser Athreya Shankar, Jarrod Reilly, Simon B Jäger, Murray J Holland We show that the onset of steady-state superradiance in a bad cavity laser is preceded by a dissipative phase transition between two distinct phases of steady-state subradiance. The transition is marked by a non-analytic behavior of the mean atomic inversion and the cavity output power, and a discontinuity in the variance of the collective atomic inversion. Remarkably, we find that the atoms are in a macroscopic entangled steady state near the critical region with a vanishing fraction of unentangled atoms in the large atom number limit. |
Wednesday, June 2, 2021 12:18PM - 12:30PM Live |
K08.00010: A new setup for studying many-body physics with Rydberg superatoms strongly coupled to an optical cavity Yu-Ting Chen, Beili Hu, Neng-Chun Chiu, Michal Szurek, Yuan-Chen Yeh, Vladan Vuletic In cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) systems, the realization of strong coupling between light and two-level systems plays a critical role in the study of quantum optics and many body physics. In the optical domain, strong coupling between light and a single atom has led to the generation of photonic quantum gates. The nonlinear interaction in an optical cavity also enables the study of spin squeezing. However, the generation of strong coupling between optical photons and many two-level systems remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a new optical cQED setup which can increase light-atom interactions by coupling Rydberg superatoms to a high-finesse optical cavity. The collective excitation in a Rydberg superatom creates an effective two-level system with the coupling strength enhanced by the atom number in the ensemble. Combining the superatoms with the high-finesse cavity, we expect to observe an effective single-atom cooperativity more than 1000. I will present the progress toward realizing strong coupling in this setup. I will also discuss the potential of studying interactions between two superatoms and long-range spin Hamiltonians. |
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