Bulletin of the American Physical Society
52nd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 66, Number 6
Monday–Friday, May 31–June 4 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session C06: Bose-Einstein Condensates, Photon Condensates, Atom Lasers, and Dynamics
10:30 AM–12:30 PM,
Tuesday, June 1, 2021
Chair: Martin Weitz, Bonn
Abstract: C06.00004 : Observation of a Non-Hermitian Phase Transition in an Optical Quantum Gas*
11:06 AM–11:18 AM
Live
Presenter:
Julian Schmitt
(Univ Bonn)
Authors:
Julian Schmitt
(Univ Bonn)
Fahri Öztürk
(Univ Bonn)
Tim Lappe
(Univ Bonn)
Göran Hellmann
(Univ Bonn)
Jan Klaers
(Univ Twente)
Frank Vewinger
(Univ Bonn)
Johann Kroha
(Univ Bonn)
Martin Weitz
(Univ Bonn)
We experimentally demonstrate a non-Hermitian phase transition of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate to a dissipative dynamical phase characterized by a biexponential decay of the condensate’s second-order coherence. The stochastic driving induced by the grand canonical condensate number fluctuations makes the system dynamics observable in stationary-state operation. In contrast to closed systems, the dissipative coupling to the environment is described by a non-Hermitian time-evolution operator with complex eigenvalues. The phase transition occurs at an exceptional point of the quantum gas dynamics, separating the biexponential dynamical phase from both lasing and an intermediate, oscillatory condensate regime. Our approach opens ways for studies of new dissipative phases in lattice systems.
*Support by the DFG within SFB/TR 185 (277625399) and the Cluster of Excellence ML4Q (EXC 2004/1–390534769), the EU within the Quantum Flagship project PhoQuS, and the DLR with funds provided by the BMWi (50WM1859) is acknowledged.
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