Bulletin of the American Physical Society
49th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics APS Meeting
Volume 63, Number 5
Monday–Friday, May 28–June 1 2018; Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
Session K04: Trapped Ions I |
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Chair: Kristin Beck, Joint Quantum Institute - Univ. of Md. Room: Grand C |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
K04.00001: Non-classical motional states of a trapped ion for quantum-enhanced sensing K.C. McCormick, D. Leibfried, A.C. Wilson, S.C. Burd, J. Keller, D.J. Wineland Quantum simulations with trapped ions have mostly used internal states of the ions to encode the simulated system. Alternatively, one can employ external quantum degrees of freedom, namely the quantized motion of the ions in the trap. Such simulations could be carried out in compact surface electrode traps with multiple potential wells, which offer individual control of the motional modes of single ions and selective motional coupling between ions. However, the decreased ion-electrode distance in these traps makes the ions more susceptible to motional heating and dephasing due to technical and electrode surface electric-field noise. We present the results of an experiment that demonstrates a high level of motional control of a single trapped ion and investigates the nature of motional dephasing mechanisms in the trap. By generating non-classical superpositions between the ground motional state and a harmonic oscillator number state of up to $n=18$, we can measure fluctuations of the ion motional frequency, with a quantum advantage over coherent-state-based interferometers that increases with $n$. We investigate several methods based on such superpositions to characterize motional frequency fluctuations over timescales from hundreds of microseconds to hours. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
K04.00002: Improving Trapped Ion Quantum Simulators via Parametric Amplification Wenchao Ge, Brian Sawyer, Joe Britton, Kurt Jacobs, John Bollinger, Michael Foss-Feig Trapped ions offer a pristine platform for quantum simulation of spin models, but decoherence is nevertheless an inevitable source of error that limits their applications. Here we analyze a strategy to enhance the interaction strengths in trapped-ion systems via parametric amplification of the ions’ motion, thereby suppressing the relative importance of decoherence. As an example, we determine the enhancement this strategy can provide in producing collective states for quantum metrology, a task that is crucially limited by the ratio of the effective spin-spin interaction strength to the decoherence rate. Fundamental limitations of this strategy and the tolerance of various experimental imperfections are also analyzed. Our ideas can be extended to a variety of spin models implemented in trapped ions, and could also be useful for enhancing boson-mediated interactions in a variety of other physical platforms. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
K04.00003: Achieving tunable critical exponents in quantum $XXZ$ model using trapped ions Fan Yang, Fei Zhou We study the quantum phase transition of the ferromagnetic $XXZ$ model with power-law-decay spin-spin interactions in an external magnetic field. We study this system by mapping the spins with long-range interactions to a dilute gas of strongly interacting magnons with anomalous dispersion. Using $\epsilon $ expansion and working below upper critical dimension, we find that the critical exponent is continuously dependent on the exponent of the power-law-decay. Effective quantum spin systems with such kind of interactions can be simulated with trapped ions interacting with lasers using established experimental techniques. By adjusting the laser parameters, one can experimentally observe quantum phase transitions with different critical exponents in the same physical system. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
K04.00004: Quantum Networking with Trapped Ion Qubits at AFRL 2d Lt Kaitlin Poole, Boyan Tabakov, Laura Wessing, Paul Cook, Daniela Bogorin, Benjamin Bonenfant, Kathy-Anne Brickman Soderberg Quantum networking exploits particular features of quantum mechanics to provide ultra-secure networks that are both tamper proof and tamper evident. Such networks can be implemented at distant memory nodes connected via photon-based interfaces. Trapped ions are nearly ideal quantum network nodes due to the precise control possible over both internal and external degrees of freedom, and for their superior performance as long-term quantum memories. Photon-based qubits are the natural choice to transfer information within the network due to the ability to transmit quantum information over long distances and the capability to process information ``on-the-fly'' between memory nodes. We present the quantum research being done at the Air Force Research Labs (AFRL) with a focus on trapped ion qubits, the short- and long-term goals of the lab, and some unique resources we have access to at AFRL. Distibution A. Approved for public release, Case Number 88ABW-2017-1939 [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
K04.00005: Ion-Photon Entanglement via the $6D_{3/2}$ state in Ba+ Allison Carter, Clayton Crocker, Ksenia Sosnova, Martin Lichtman, Sophia Scarano, Christopher Monroe A dual species Yb+/Ba+ ion trap is used to create entanglement between memory spin qubits and photonic qubits. The flying qubits are emitted via the $6S_{1/2} <-> 6P_{1/2}$ transition in Ba138+. In previous work the atoms were excited on this same 493 nm transition. However, it is advantageous to excite the atom on the $6D_{3/2} <-> 6P_{1/2}$ transition at 650 nm, while still collecting 493 nm photons. This removes the excitation light as a source of noise and reduces double excitation errors. Most significantly, the $D <-> P$ transition allows us to use a slower excitation, such that instead of requiring a picosecond pulsed laser, we can gate a CW laser using nanosecond in-fiber EO interferometers that do not exist at shorter wavelengths. However, the increased multiplicity of the D state manifold is a challenge for state initialization and readout. We present our solutions to these challenges, and subsequent ion-photon entanglement using this new toolbox. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
K04.00006: Isomer Specific Ion Chemistry James Greenberg, Philipp Schmid, Mikhail Miller, Heather Lewandowski The high level of control achievable in an ion trap provides a prime environment for gas-phase physical chemistry experiments. Additionally, sensitive detection techniques allow for the study of highly reactive and/or rare molecular species such as cations and radicals. Reaction studies of these species are important for understanding the chemistry of extreme environments like the atmosphere or the interstellar medium. We present the results of an isomer specific reaction between two basic building blocks of organic chemistry: Acetylene cations (C2H2+) and C3H4. Propyne (HCCCH3) and Allene (H2CCCH2) are two stable isomers of C3H4 and are shown to produce different products. Through the use of a coupled time of flight mass-spectrometer, we also characterized the kinetics of each reaction. These measurements are enabled by many tools familiar to ion trapping experiments, including: laser cooling of atomic ions, sympathetic cooling of molecular ions, secular (resonant) mass excitation, and fluorescence detection of trapped ions. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
K04.00007: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
K04.00008: Prospects for laser cooling hundreds of ions using electromagnetically induced transparency in a Penning trap Athreya Shankar, Elena Jordan, Kevin Gilmore, Arghavan Safavi-Naini, John J. Bollinger, Murray Holland The NIST Penning trap, with its ability to control planar crystals of tens to hundreds of ions, is a versatile quantum simulator to understand the dynamics of spin-boson and spin-spin models as well as to prepare and study ground states of exotic Hamiltonians. The combination of the trap potential and the inter-ion Coulomb interactions leads to coupled normal modes of motion, that can be used to engineer long-range spin-spin interactions. Thermal motion of the ions adversely affects the fidelity of state preparation protocols, and also degrades the quality of the dynamics under study. Laser cooling using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT cooling) is attractive as an efficient way to quickly cool the transverse normal modes to near ground-state occupations before implementing quantum simulation protocols. We investigate the efficiency of EIT cooling of ions in the NIST Penning trap, accounting for the $\mathbf{E}\times\mathbf{B}$ drift-induced rotation of the ions as well as the complications arising from the simultaneous cooling of multiple normal modes. We show that, in spite of these challenges, the large bandwidth of transverse normal modes (hundreds of kilohertz), can be cooled to near ground-state occupations with cooling times of a few hundred microseconds. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
K04.00009: Ground state cooling of a 2-dimensional ion array in a Penning trap Elena Jordan, Kevin Gilmore, Athreya Shankar, Arghavan Safavi-Naini, Murray Holland, John Bollinger Trapped ion systems are a versatile platform for quantum simulations and the preparation of highly entangled states for quantum metrology. Lower ion temperatures, below the Doppler limit, close to the ground state of motion can substantially improve the fidelity of quantum simulations and state preparation. We implement electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) cooling for the transverse drumhead modes of a 2-dimensional array of up to hundreds of Be$^+$ ions in a Penning trap. For the temperature readout, we employ a spin-dependent force to couple the drumhead modes to the valence electron spin, and detect the motion-induced spin dephasing. Here we present the results of our cooling experiments and show that average motional quantum numbers of $\bar{n} < 1$ can be reached within a few hundred $\mu$s. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, May 30, 2018 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
K04.00010: Evaporative cooling by autoresonance of any ion in an electrostatic ion beam trap Oded Heber, Reetesh Kumar Gangwar, Koushik Saha, Michael Rappaport, Daniel Zajfman Translation cooling of atomic or molecular ions is a perquisite in a few research areas. Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap (EIBT) can trap any ion with any mass or charge using the same tuning conditions; therefore, it is an ideal ion trap for ion beam cooling. Cooling of a bunch of ions from 1500 K to about 0.15 K has been demonstrated by using autoresonance process for about 80 ms and with ion-ion self-interaction [1]. During the process it has been shown that, the ion-ion collision transfer kinetic energy from the cold population to the hotter population, which in return are evaporated from the ion bunch. Hence reducing the temperature and increasing the phase space density. Further experiments and theoretical models are ongoing to improve the cooling efficiency and to achieve lower temperatures. [1] R. K. Gangwar, K. Saha, O. Heber, M.L. Rappaport, and D. Zajfman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 103202 (2017). [Preview Abstract] |
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