Bulletin of the American Physical Society
47th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 61, Number 8
Monday–Friday, May 23–27, 2016; Providence, Rhode Island
Session M4: Quantum Optics II |
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Chair: Jonathan Simon, University of Chicago Room: 554AB |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
M4.00001: Supermode-polariton condensation in a multimode cavity QED-BEC system Varun Vaidya, Alicia Kollar, Alexander Papageorge, Yudan Guo, Benjamin Lev Investigations of many-body physics in an AMO context often employ a static optical lattice to create a periodic potential. Such systems, while capable of exploring, e.g., the Hubbard model, lack the fully emergent crystalline order found in solid state systems whose stiffness is not imposed externally, but arises dynamically. Our multimode cavity QED experiment is introducing a new method of generating fully emergent and compliant optical lattices to the ultracold atom toolbox and provides new avenues to explore quantum liquid crystalline order. We will present our first experimental result, the first observation of a supermode-polariton condensate via a supermode superradiant phase transition. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
M4.00002: Topological quantum states of light in coupled microwave cavities John Owens, Aman LaChapelle, Ruichao Ma, Jonathan Simon, David Schuster We present a unique photonic platform to explore quantum many-body phenomena in coupled cavity arrays. We create tight binding lattices with arrays of evanescently coupled three-dimensional coaxial microwave cavities. Topologically non-trivial band structures are engineered by utilizing the chiral coupling of the cavity modes to ferrite spheres in a magnetic field. We develop robust, minimal methods to completely characterize the tight-binding Hamiltonian, including all onsite disorder, tunnel coupling, local dissipation and effective flux, using only spectroscopic measurement on specific sites. These efforts pave the way to realize low-disorder, long-coherence, topological tight binding models, where the many-body states can be spectroscopically driven and probed in temporally- and spatially- resolved measurements. Using techniques from circuit QED, effective onsite photon-photon interactions may be introduced by coupling to superconducting qubits. This will allow us to explore the interplay between topology and coherent interaction in these artificial strongly-correlated photonic quantum materials. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
M4.00003: Matter-wave diffraction at the natural limit Christian Brand, Michele Sclafani, Christian Knobloch, Yigal Lilach, Thomas Juffmann, Jani Kotakoski, Clemens Mangler, Andreas Winter, Andrey Turchanin, Jannik Meyer, Ori Cheshnovsky, Markus Arndt The high sensitivity of matter-wave interferometry experiments to forces and perturbations makes them an essential tool for precision measurements and tests of quantum physics. While mostly grating made of laser-light are used, material gratings have the advantage that they are independent of the particle's internal properties. This makes them universally applicable. However, the molecules will experience substantial van der Waals shifts while passing the grating slits, which suggests limiting this perturbation by reducing the material thickness. In a comprehensive study we compared the van der Waals interactions for free-standing gratings made from single and double layer graphene to masks commonly used in atom interferometry [1]. From the population of high fringe orders we deduce a surprisingly strong electrical interaction between the polarizable molecules and the nanomasks. As even for these thinnest diffraction elements which-path information is not shared with the environment, we interpret this as an experimental affirmation of Bohr's arguments in his famous debate with Einstein.\\[1] C. Brand et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 (2015) [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
M4.00004: Peptides and proteins in matter wave interferometry: Challenges and prospects. Ugur Sezer, Philipp Geyer, Lukas Mairhofer, Christian Brand, Nadine Doerre, Jonas Rodewald, Jonas Schaetti, Valentin Koehler, Marcel Mayor, Markus Arndt Recent developments in matter wave physics suggest that quantum interferometry with biologically relevant nanomaterials is becoming feasible for amino acids, peptides, proteins and RNA/DNA strands. Quantum interference of biomolecules is interesting as it can mimic Schr\"odinger’s cat states with molecules of high mass, elevated temperature and biological functionality. Additionally, the high internal complexity can give rise to a rich variety of couplings to the environment and new handles for quantitative tests of quantum decoherence. Finally, matter wave interferometers are highly sensitive force sensors and pave the way for quantum-assisted measurements of biomolecular properties in interaction with tailored or biomimetic environments. Recent interferometer concepts such as the Kapitza-Dirac-Talbot-Lau interferometer (KDTLI) or the Optical Time-domain Matter Wave interferometer (OTIMA) have already proven their potential for quantum optics in the mass range beyond 10000 amu and for metrology. Here we show our advances in quantum interferometry with vitamins and peptides and discuss methods of realizing cold, intense and sufficiently slow beams of synthetically tailored or hydrated polypeptides with promising properties for a new generation of quantum optics. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
M4.00005: Single-shot high-resolution heterodyne detection of millimeter wave superradiance in Rydberg-Rydberg transitions David Grimes, Susanne Yelin, Timothy Barnum, Yan Zhou, Steven Coy, Robert Field Millimeter wave (mm-wave) superradiance has been directly detected on a shot-by-shot basis in a neon buffer gas cooled beam of barium atoms. Rydberg-Rydberg transitions are well suited for the study of superradiance due to both the large transition dipole moments and long wavelengths associated with $\Delta n=1$ transitions. We trigger the superradiant evolution of an initially 100\% inverted system of Rydberg atoms ($n=30$) with a weak mm-wave trigger pulse that is well-characterized in both spatial intensity distribution and phase. The resultant mm-wave emission is recorded in a heterodyne detection scheme with high resolution in both the time (20 ps) and frequency (250 kHz) domains. We observe that the width and emission delay of the time-domain intensity can be well described by a mean-field theory, but that the frequency-domain effects are not even qualitatively reproduced. In particular, a density-dependent broadening, frequency chirp, and line shift are observed. Comparisons to a two-atom master equation theoretical model will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
M4.00006: A Single-Photon Subtractor for Multimode Quantum States Young-Sik Ra, Clément JACQUARD, Valentin Averchenko, Jonathan Roslund, Yin Cai, Adrien Dufour, Claude Fabre, Nicolas Treps In the last decade, single-photon subtraction has proved to be key operations in optical quantum information processing and quantum state engineering. Implementation of the photon subtraction has been based on linear optics and single-photon detection on single-mode resources. This technique, however, becomes unsuitable with multimode resources such as spectrally multimode squeezed states or continuous variables cluster states. We implement a single-photon subtractor for such multimode resources based on sum-frequency generation and single-photon detection. An input multimode quantum state interacts with a bright control beam whose spectrum has been engineered through ultrafast pulse-shaping. The multimode quantum state resulting from the single-photon subtractor is analyzed with multimode homodyne detection whose local oscillator spectrum is independently engineered. We characterize the single-photon subtractor via coherent-state quantum process tomography, which provides its mode-selectivity and subtraction modes. The ability to simultaneously control the state engineering and its detection ensures both flexibility and scalability in the production of highly entangled non-Gaussian quantum states. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
M4.00007: Transduction of Entangled Images by Localized Surface Plasmons Mohammadjavad Dowran, Matthew Holtfrerich, Benjamin Lawrie, Roderick Davidson, Raphael Pooser, Alberto Marino Quantum plasmonics has attracted broad interest in recent years, motivated by nano-imaging and sub-wavelength photonic circuits. The potential for nanoscale quantum information processing and quantum plasmonic sensing has led to the study of the interface between quantum optics and plasmonics. We study the interface between continuous variable entangled images and localized surface plasmons (LSPs). We generate entangled images with four-wave mixing in hot Rb atoms. The entangled images are sent through two spatially separated plasmonic structures, which consist of an array of triangular nanoholes in a silver metal film designed to excite LSPs. After transduction through the plasmonic structure, mediated by extraordinary optical transmission (EOT), the entanglement properties of the light are characterized. We show that both the entanglement and spatial properties of the light are preserved by the LSPs. This results show that the transfer of entanglement and quantum information from multi-spatial mode photons to LSPs and back to photons is a coherent process that preserves the spatial quantum information of the incident light. By addressing two spatially separated plasmonic structures, the entanglement is effectively transferred to the plasmons for a short period of time. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
M4.00008: Mirror effects and optical meta-surfaces in 2d atomic arrays Ephraim Shahmoon, Dominik Wild, Mikhail Lukin, Susanne Yelin Strong optical response of natural and artificial (meta-) materials typically relies on the fact that the lattice constant that separates their constituent particles (atoms or electromagnetic resonators, respectively) is much smaller than the optical wavelength. Here we consider a single layer of a 2d atom array with a lattice constant on the order of an optical wavelength, which can be thought of as a highly dilute 2d metamaterial (meta-surface). Our theoretical analysis shows how strong scattering of resonant incoming light off the array can be controlled by choosing its lattice constant, e.g. allowing the array to operate as a perfect mirror or a retro-reflector for most incident angles of the incoming light. We discuss the prospects for quantum metasurfaces, i.e. the ability to shape the output quantum state of light by controlling the atomic states, and the possible generality of our results as a universal wave phenomena. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
M4.00009: Optical Pi Phase Shift Created with a Single-Photon Pulse Steffen Schmidt, Daniel Tiarks, Stephan D\"urr, Gerhard Rempe A deterministic photon-photon quantum-logic gate is a long-standing goal. Building such a gate becomes possible if a light pulse containing only one photon imprints a phase shift of pi onto another light field. Here we experimentally demonstrate the generation of such a pi phase shift with a single-photon pulse [1]. A first light pulse containing less than one photon on average is stored in an atomic gas. Rydberg blockade combined with electromagnetically induced transparency creates a pi phase shift for a second light pulse which propagates through the medium. This demonstrates the crucial step towards a photon-photon gate and offers a variety of applications in the field of quantum information processing. \newline [1] D. Tiarks et al. arXiv:1512.05740 [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 26, 2016 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
M4.00010: Probing non-Hermitian physics with flying atoms Jianming Wen, Yanhong Xiao, Peng peng, Wanxia cao, Ce Shen, Weizhi Qu, Liang Jiang Non-Hermtian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry provide new means for light manipulation and control. To date, most of experimental demonstrations on PT symmetry rely on advanced nanotechnologies and sophisticated fabrication techniques to manmade solid-state materials. Here, we report the first experimental realization of optical anti-PT symmetry [1], a counterpart of conventional PT symmetry [2], in a warm atomic-vapor cell. By exploiting rapid coherence transport via flying atoms, we observe essential features of anti-PT symmetry with an unprecedented precision on phase-transition threshold. Moreover, our system allows nonlocal interference of two spatially-separated fields as well as anti-PT assisted four-wave mixing. Besides, another intriguing feature offered by the system is refractionless (or unit-refraction) light propagation. Our results thus represent a significant advance in non-Hermitian physics by bridging a firm connection with the AMO field, where novel phenomena and applications in quantum and nonlinear optics aided by (anti-)PT symmetry can be anticipated. [1] P. Peng, W. Cao, C. Shen, W. Qu, J. Wen, L. Jiang, and Y. Xiao, arXiv: 1509.07736 (2015). [2] L. Chang, X. Jiang, S. Hua, C. Yang, J. Wen, L. Jiang, G. Li, G. Wang, and M. Xiao, Nature Photonics \textbf{8}, 524-529 (2014). [Preview Abstract] |
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