Bulletin of the American Physical Society
47th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 61, Number 8
Monday–Friday, May 23–27, 2016; Providence, Rhode Island
Session B4: Quantum Optics I |
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Chair: Arghavan Safavi, University of Colorado Room: 554AB |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 10:30AM - 10:42AM |
B4.00001: Optical gyroscope with controllable dispersion in four wave mixing regime. Eugeniy Mikhailov, Owen Wolfe, ShuangLi Du, Simon Rochester, Dmitry Budker, Irina Novikova We present our work towards realization of the fast-light gyroscope prototype, in which the sensitivity enhancement (compared to a regular laser gyroscopes) is achieved by adjusting the intra-cavity dispersion. We discuss schematics and underlying nonlinear effects leading to the negative dispersion in Rb vapor: level structure, optically addressed transitions, and configuration of the resonant cavity. We investigate dependence of the pulling factor (i.e., the ratio of the lasing frequency shift with the change of the cavity length to the equivalent resonance frequency shift in the empty cavity) on pump lasers detunings, power, and density of the atomic vapor. The observation of the pulling factor exceeding unity implies the gyroscope sensitivity improvement over the regular system [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 10:42AM - 10:54AM |
B4.00002: Stopped light in a cylindrical waveguide with metamaterial Yan Ling Xue, Wei Liu, Yiwei Gu The unique property of the novel type of left-handed material (LHM) is that it can support propagating wave with the group velocity and Poynting vector opposite to the wave vector. We propose a cylindrical waveguide with its core and cladding filled with right-handed material (RHM) and LHM, respectively, to investigate the sign-varying energy fluxes and their cancellation and to explore the new mechanism of stopping light. The normalized total energy flux is introduced as $P=\frac{P_{1} +P_{2} }{\left| {P_{1} } \right|+\left| {P_{2} } \right|}$ where $P_{i} $ ($i=$1,2) is the power confined in the waveguide core and cladding, respectively. There exist three situations: (1) $P>0$ means $P_{1} >\left| {P_{2} } \right|$ ; the propagation is in the forward mode; (2) $P<0$ implies $P_{1} <\left| {P_{2} } \right|$ ; this is the condition for the backward wave; (3) $P=0$ means $P_{1} =\left| {P_{2} } \right|$ ; the energy fluxes in core and cladding fully cancels each other, the light-wave propagation comes to a complete standstill with the group velocity reducing to zero, and the energy is stored in the waveguide completely. For modes TE$_{\mathrm{0n}}$ and TM$_{\mathrm{0n}}$£¬we theoretically derive the expression of the normalized energy fluxes. As $\mu _{2} <0$ means the energy flux in the LHM cladding is negative, opposite to the phase velocity, the energy fluxes between the RHM core and LHM cladding may cancel each other. The total energy flux thus becomes zero. The numerical simulation shows that with appropriate electromagnetic frequency and waveguide core radius, the electromagnetic waves can reach a complete standstill. We consider two popularly used Drude models in the microwave and optical domains. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 10:54AM - 11:06AM |
B4.00003: Optical Field Shaping with Broadband Coherent Raman Generation Alexei Sokolov, Kai Wang, Miaochan Zhi, Aysan Bahari, Mariia Shutova, Alexandra Zhdanova We work toward developing a novel light source capable of producing sub-cycle optical waveforms with prescribed temporal and spatial shapes. Our Raman-based technique utilizes highly coherent molecular motion to modulate light and produce a broadband spectrum of mutually coherent sidebands. The total bandwidth of our source spans infrared, visible, and ultraviolet spectral regions, generating bursts of light synchronized with respect to molecular oscillations. Controlled spectral and temporal shaping of the resultant waveform allows arbitrary ultrafast, potentially non-sinusoidal, field synthesis. Our use of spatial light modulators to shape the transverse beam profiles adds another dimension to the laser field engineering. These are steps toward production of space- and time-tailored sub-cycle optical fields. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 11:06AM - 11:18AM |
B4.00004: Experimental observation of spatial quantum noise reduction below the standard quantum limit with bright twin beams of light Ashok Kumar, Hayden Nunley, Alberto Marino Quantum noise reduction (QNR) below the standard quantum limit (SQL) has been a subject of interest for the past two to three decades due to its wide range of applications in quantum metrology and quantum information processing. To date, most of the attention has focused on the study of QNR in the temporal domain. However, many areas in quantum optics, specifically in quantum imaging, could benefit from QNR not only in the temporal domain but also in the spatial domain. With the use of a high quantum efficiency electron multiplier charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera, we have observed spatial QNR below the SQL in bright narrowband twin light beams generated through a four-wave mixing (FWM) process in hot rubidium atoms. Owing to momentum conservation in this process, the twin beams are momentum correlated. This leads to spatial quantum correlations and spatial QNR. Our preliminary results show a spatial QNR of over 2 dB with respect to the SQL. Unlike previous results on spatial QNR with faint and broadband photon pairs from parametric down conversion (PDC), we demonstrate spatial QNR with spectrally and spatially narrowband bright light beams. The results obtained will be useful for atom light interaction based quantum protocols and quantum imaging. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 11:18AM - 11:30AM |
B4.00005: Squeezed Light in Laguerre-Gaussian Modes through Non-linear Medium Zhihao Xiao, R. Nicholas Lanning, Mi Zhang, Irina Novikova, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Jonathan P. Dowling We examine the propagation of squeezed light, in Laguerre-Gaussian spatial modes, through a non-linear medium such as Rb vapor. We examine the quantum states in varies spatial modes. We simulate the injection into a Rb vapor cell a linearly polarized laser beam to create squeezed vacuum state of light linearly polarized in the perpendicular direction. We fully quantize the optical field's propagation which is based on previous semi-classical calculation. The Rb atomic structure is simplified to a three-level system. We reveal the mechanism that how squeezed state of light is generated in this process and compare the theory with our experiment. Further, we simulate and compare the different squeezing that can be achieved due to the change of parameters or altering experimental setups, such as multiple passing of the beam through the Rb vapor cell. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
B4.00006: Optical resonance shifts in thermal and cold Rb atomic gases Janne Ruostekoski, S. D. Jenkins, J. Javanainen, R. Bourgain, S. Jennewein, Y. R. P. Sortais, A. Browaeys We show that the resonance shifts in fluorescence of a cold gas of rubidium atoms substantially differ from those of thermal atomic ensembles that obey the standard continuous medium electrodynamics. The analysis is based on large-scale microscopic numerical simulations and experimental measurements of the resonance shifts in light propagation. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
B4.00007: Thermal Light as a Mixture of Sets of Coherent Pulses Agata Branczyk, Aurelia Chenu, John Sipe Thermal states are fundamental states in many areas of physics. In quantum optics, the thermal state of the radiation field is often decomposed into delocalized states of light, yet decompositions involving localized pulses would be highly desirable. In previous work, we showed that thermal light cannot be represented as a mixture of single coherent pulses. In this work, we consider whether or not thermal light can be represented as a mixture of sets of coherent pulses. \\ We consider light propagation in a quasi-1D geometry, such as an optical fiber of length $L$. We define a set of associated functions $w_s(z)$ which satisfy $\int_{-L/2}^{L/2}w^*_{s}(z)w_{s'}(z)dz=\delta_{ss'}$ and use these functions to build coherent states. By decomposing thermal light in terms of such coherent states, we can represent it as a mixture of sets of localized pulses. \\ This decomposition into localized pulses will serve as a useful tool for studying interactions with thermal light in 1D. Its form makes modelling a finite frequency range very natural, while maintaining a representation in terms of localized pulses. This would come up when dealing with filtered thermal light. The decomposition also lends itself to treating thermal light that had been `chopped' in the spatial domain. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
B4.00008: Optomechanical Description of Dynamical Casimir Effect Belter E Ordaz Mendoza, Susanne Yelin We study theoretically the contribution of dynamical Casimir effect (DCE) in optomechanical systems. By considering a one--dimensional optical cavity consisting of one fixed and one movable mirror and performing a second quantization, we represent the quantum states of the cavity field modes coupled to one phonon mode associated with mirror's motion. Using the Hamiltonian for the interaction between a moving mirror and radiation pressure, we analyze the contribution of resonant and nonresonant terms in this optomechanical setup. By doing a linear stability analysis, we identity the regions of interest and show that the contribution of nonresonant terms are associated with DCE and cannot be neglected. The complete dynamics of this configuration is studied in the master equation approach. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
B4.00009: Planck's radiation law: is a quantum-classical perspective possible? michele marrocco Planck's radiation law provides the solution to the blackbody problem that marks the decline of classical physics and the rise of the quantum theory of the radiation field. Here, we venture to suggest the possibility that classical physics might be equally suitable to deal with the blackbody problem. A classical version of the Planck's radiation law seems to be achievable if we learn from the quantum-classical correspondence between classical Mie theory and quantum-mechanical wave scattering from spherical scatterers (partial wave analysis). This correspondence designs a procedure for countable energy levels of the radiation trapped within the blackbody treated within the multipole approach of classical electrodynamics (in place of the customary and problematic expansion in terms of plane waves that give rise to the ultraviolet catastrophe). In turn, introducing the Boltzmann discretization of energy levels, the tools of classical thermodynamics and statistical theory become available for the task. On the other hand, the final result depends on a free parameter whose physical units are those of an action. Tuning this parameter on the value given by the Planck constant makes the classical result agree with the canonical Planck's radiation law. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
B4.00010: Optical velocimetry at the Los Alamos Proton Radiography Facility Dale Tupa, Amy Tainter, Levi Neukirch, Brian Hollander, William Buttler, David Holtkamp The Los Alamos Proton Radiography Facility (pRad) employs a high-energy proton beam to image the properties and behavior of materials driven by high explosives. We will discuss features of pRad and describe some recent experiments, highlighting optical diagnostics for surface velocity measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
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