Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 6
Saturday–Tuesday, April 9–12, 2022; New York
Session Q04: Mergers of Neutron Stars: Nuclear Physics from Gravitational WavesInvited Live Streamed
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Sponsoring Units: DGRAV DNP Chair: Vasileios Paschalidis, University of Arizona Room: Salon 2 |
Monday, April 11, 2022 10:45AM - 11:21AM |
Q04.00001: Prospects for constraining phase transition scenarios with neutron stars Invited Speaker: Sophia Han In the past several years multifarious new data from gravitational wave detectors, X-ray satellites, and nuclear experiments have become available with increasingly better accuracy which greatly improved the understanding of neutron-star physics. In this talk, I will discuss what we have learned about the equation of state for strongly-interacting matter at supra-nuclear densities using astronomical and terrestrial probes, as well as advances in theory and modeling efforts needed to interpret these observations. In particular I will focus on recent development in constraining viable scenarios of possible phase transitions in the dense interior of neutron stars. Of great interest for nuclear and particle physics, neutron stars are at the heart of multimessenger astronomy to address longstanding puzzles about how matter behaves under the most extreme conditions in our Universe. |
Monday, April 11, 2022 11:21AM - 11:57AM |
Q04.00002: Observation of neutron stars during LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's observing runs Invited Speaker: Leo Tsukada Mergers of compact objects involving neutron stars provide vital information about the equation of state (EOS) of supernuclear-dense matter and shed light on the unknown physics of extreme dense matter. As of now, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration has detected as many as 90 gravitational-wave signals, some of which are expected to originate from such mergers. In this talk, I will begin with an overview of the observations of binary neutron star and neutron star-black hole binaries in the recent LVK observing runs, including the latest transient catalog (GWTC-3). Implications from the observations of the GW signals will also be discussed, such as the constraints on the EOS governing matter inside the neutron star and on the neutron star radius. I will conclude with future prospects from the viewpoint of low-latency searches in the upcoming observing runs. |
Monday, April 11, 2022 11:57AM - 12:33PM |
Q04.00003: High-Density Quark Matter in the Cores of Neutron Stars Invited Speaker: Tyler Gorda The dawn of gravitational-wave astronomy has in the past few years opened a new window into the properties of cold and dense matter. In particular, by studying the waveforms emitted by merging neutron-star binanies, one can gain insight into the bulk properties of these dense objects and the behavior of the matter in their cores. It is known that in principle, hadronic matter that is compressed to sufficiently high densities should eventually undergo a deconfinement transition to quark matter; however, due to a lack of first-principles techniques, the exact density where this transition occurs, as well as its precise characteristics, are currently unknown. In this talk, I will show how by combining robust nuclear- and particle-theory input as well as robust astronomical, observational input, we can see evidence for the transition between hadronic and quark matter along the stable neutron-star sequence, indicating that neutron stars probe the transition region of dense QCD. Moreover, I will show that--provided the speed of sound of dense QCD matter is not too extreme--massive neutron stars likely host sizable quark-matter cores, a scenario which is completely consistent with all current observations of these objects. |
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