Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 6
Saturday–Tuesday, April 9–12, 2022; New York
Session P01: Kavli Foundation Keynote Plenary Session: Update on Cosmological ParametersInvited Live Streamed Plenary Undergrad Friendly
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Chair: Daniel Holz, University of Chicago Room: Broadway North & South |
Monday, April 11, 2022 8:30AM - 9:06AM |
P01.00001: Increasing Accuracy in Measurements of the Hubble Constant: What is the Evidence for New Physics? Invited Speaker: Wendy L Freedman An important and unresolved question in cosmology today is whether there is new physics that is missing from our current standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (LCDM) model. Recent measurements of the Hubble constant (Ho), which are based on Cepheids and Type Ia supernovae (SNe), appear to be discrepant at the 5-sigma level with values of Ho inferred from measurements of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The latter assumes LCDM, and the former assumes that systematics have been fully accounted for. If real, the current discrepancy could be signaling a new physical property of the universe. I will present results based on Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys data resulting in an independent calibration of SNe Ho based on measurements of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB). The TRGB marks the luminosity at which the core helium flash in low-mass stars occurs, and provides a high-precision and accuracy standard candle. Moreover, the TRGB method is less susceptible to extinction by dust, to metallicity effects, and to crowding/blending effects than Cepheid variable stars. I will address the current uncertainties in both the TRGB and Cepheid distance scales, as well as discuss the current tension in Ho and the evidence for additional physics beyond the standard LCDM model. |
Monday, April 11, 2022 9:06AM - 9:42AM |
P01.00002: Update on Cosmological Parameters Invited Speaker: Jo Dunkley I will give an overview of the current state of constraints on the cosmological model and possible extensions, in particular those derived from Cosmic Microwave Background measurements. Possible deviations from the Lambda-CDM model (that describes a flat universe with cold dark matter and a cosmological constant, with features sourced by power-law adiabatic fluctuations) include changes to the primordial perturbations, additional particles, massive neutrinos, and modified dark matter and dark energy components. I will discuss the status of some of these models, and comment on consistency between inferences from the CMB, large scale structure and the local universe. |
Monday, April 11, 2022 9:42AM - 10:18AM |
P01.00003: Constraining Cosmology with Large Galaxy Surveys Invited Speaker: Nikhil Padmanabhan We are entering the industrial age of large galaxy surveys. The next generation of these surveys measure an order of magnitude more cosmological modes compared with their predecessors, and promise tight constraints on cosmological parameters from dark energy to neutrino masses to the initial conditions of the Universe. These gains in statistical precision have been accompanied by improvements in theoretical modeling and analysis techniques. In this talk, I will start by surveying the observables that lead to these constraints. I will then review recent results from the current generation of surveys. I will then conclude by looking forward to upcoming surveys, using the ongoing DESI survey as an exemplar. |
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