Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 6
Saturday–Tuesday, April 9–12, 2022; New York
Session K04: Direct Measurements for Nuclear AstrophysicsInvited Live Streamed
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Sponsoring Units: DNP Chair: Ani Aprahamian, University of Notre Dame Room: Salon 2 |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 1:30PM - 2:06PM |
K04.00001: CASPAR: Nuclear Astrophysics a Mile Underground Invited Speaker: Anna Simon One of the major challenges in direct measurements of nuclear reactions for stellar burning nucleosynthesis and the s-process are the extremely low cross sections in the relevant reaction energy range. In order to overcome those challenges, low-background measurements need to be combined with high efficiency detection systems. At CASPAR, we take advantage of the cosmic-ray background suppression resulting from a 4300 m.w.e. rock overburden at the 4850-foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility, high-purity targets and a range of γ-ray and neutron detectors and experimental techniques to directly measure proton- and $\alpha$-induced reactions at energies below 1 MeV. In this talk, an overview of the recent experimental campaign at CASPAR will be presented. Results from several measurements ranging from 7Li(α,γ) to 22Ne(α,γ) and 22Ne(α,n) will be presented. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 2:06PM - 2:42PM |
K04.00002: Direct measurements of astrophysical reactions using the DRAGON recoil separator Invited Speaker: Annika Lennarz Determining the stellar origin of the elements observed in our Galaxy today poses one of the key challenges in the field of nuclear astrophysics. Thus, we seek to understand the nuclear processes involved in stellar evolution, as their details give us insight into the fusion pathways and routes to the synthesis of heavy elements. The investigation of radiative capture reactions involving the fusion of hydrogen or helium is crucial for the understanding of said nucleosynthesis pathways as these reactions govern nucleosynthesis and energy generation in a large variety of astrophysical burning and explosive scenarios. However, direct measurements of the associated reaction cross sections at astrophysically relevant low energies are extremely challenging due to the vanishingly small cross sections in this energy regime. Additionally, many astrophysically important reactions involve radioactive isotopes, which pose challenges for beam production and background reduction. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 2:42PM - 3:18PM |
K04.00003: Directly Measured Neutron-Induced Reactions on Radioactive Nuclides for Nuclear Astrophysics Invited Speaker: Hye Young Lee In nucleosynthesis network calculations, available nuclear physics inputs are limited to the measurements on stable or accessible radioactive nuclei, remaining thousands of reactions, crucial for astrophysical implications, to rely on the theoretically predicted reaction rates. Hauser-Feshbach (HF) formalism is widely used to predict these reaction cross sections, however difficulties like renormalizations of calculated neutron-induced reaction cross sections to experimental observables, or energy-dependent shape discrepancies among different HF calculations have been addressed. Direct, high-precision measurements provide not only cross sections, also validate HF parameters for enhancing the fidelity of theoretical predictions. |
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