Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 6
Saturday–Tuesday, April 9–12, 2022; New York
Session H10: Field Theory IRecordings Available
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Sponsoring Units: DPF Chair: Yannick Meurice, University of Iowa Room: Lyceum |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 10:45AM - 10:57AM |
H10.00001: Klein-effect in electromagnetically self-interacting fermions and charge renormalization in time-dependent, relativistic quantum mechanics Athanasios Petridis, Timothy Kutnink, Trevin Detwiler, David Atri The time-dependent electromagnetically self-coupled Dirac equation is solved numerically by means of the MSD2 algorithm with special attention to stability. The expectation values of several dynamic operators are evaluated as functions of time and the asymptotic, i.e., physical values are obtained. It is observed that the positive and negative energy projections are separated from each other in space and time due to self-interactions. This also affects the gauge fields. A statistical method, employing a canonical ensemble whose temperature is the inverse of the spatial-grid size, is used to remove the momentum-dependence. Finite expectation values are obtained in the continuum limit. The charge renormalization is attributed to the contribution of the negative-energy components, enhanced by self-interactions. The physical charge is about 5% smaller than the bare value. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 10:57AM - 11:09AM |
H10.00002: A Modified Probe Limit And A New Window Into Defect CFTs Sophia Domokos, Andrew B Royston Brane intersections have long been a the bread and butter of holography. In addition to shedding light on strongly coupled defect- and boundary-CFTS, these models lie at the core of many holographic QCD and CMT models. Here I describe a modified version of the probe approximation for a broad class of non-abelian supersymmetric brane intersections in the holographic limit, where the open strings on the probe Dq branes not only decouple, they are well-described by a Yang-Mills theory in curved space. This regime is particularly useful for studying these systems' intricate vacuum structure, which I describe for several types of intersections, and their localized finite-energy soliton states (which I discuss for the special case of D3/D5 intersections). Solitons on brane intersections have important applications in holography -- they are, for instance, the holographic realization of baryons in QCD models. Studying these states in a supersymmetric context, with all of the tools of supersymmetry at our disposal, may thus lead to new insights into the physics of these objects. (Talk based on work with Andy Royston.) |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 11:09AM - 11:21AM |
H10.00003: Deconfining Ν=2$ SCFTs or the Art of Brane Bending Ajit Kumar Sorout, Iñaki García Etxebarria, Ben Heidenreich, Matteo Lotito We introduce a systematic approach to constructing Ν=1 Lagrangians for a class of interacting Ν=2 SCFTs. A lot is known about the set of "class S" theories - four dimensional theories constructed by wrapping the six dimensional Ν=(2, 0) theories on Riemann surfaces with punctures - even if we don’t have explicit Lagrangians for most of them. By constructing a Lagrangian description for some of the theories in this class, we can check their properties, and often refine them. We analyse in detail the simplest case of the construction, arising from placing branes at an orientifolded C2/Z2 singularity. This produces Lagrangian descriptions for all the R2,k theories. The rank one theories in this class are the E6 Minahan-Nemeschansky theory and the C2 × U(1) Argyres-Wittig theory. The Lagrangians that arise from our brane construction manifestly exhibit either the entire expected flavour symmetry group of the SCFT (for even k) or a full-rank subgroup thereof (for odd k), so we can compute the full superconformal index of the Ν=2 SCFTs, and also systematically identify the Higgsings associated to partial closing of punctures. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 11:21AM - 11:33AM |
H10.00004: Hyperfunction approach to perturbative amplitudes. Stanislav Srednyak Recently several inconsistencies between different measurements of hadronic physics sensitive quantities are getting prominence at a few sigma level. These include proton radius and muon g-2 measurements. Interpretation of data for these experiments requires careful analysis of higher order QED radiative corrections. These calculations are very challenging and there currently exists no reliable method to evaluate these RCs at second order and beyond. We report on the hyperfunction (HF) approach to this problem. We analyze deep algebro-geometric and number theoretic properties of loop integrals. This includes the analysis of type of singularities and their locus of the analytic continuation of the amplitudes. Among the results is the method to analyze the singularity locus, its singularities (ingeometric sense - as degenerations of in the normal bundle), and intersection theory of its components. The analytically continued amplitude forms a vector bundle on an open complex manifold. We discuss methods used to obtain flat connections on this bundle , putting the usual master integrals approach into the framework of toric geometry. We discuss the use of generalized hypergeometric functions to construct convergent series for amplitudes. We mention the relation of the amplitude calculation with multidimensional isomonodromy problem for holonomic D-modules with Fuchsian singularities. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 11:33AM - 11:45AM |
H10.00005: N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills thermodynamics from effective field theory Ubaid H Tantary, Jens Andersen, Qianqian Du, Michael Strickland The free energy density of N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in four space-time dimensions is derived through second order in the 't Hooft coupling λ at finite temperature using effective-field theory methods. The contributions to the free energy density at this order come from the hard scale T and the soft scale √λT . The effects of the scale T are encoded in the coefficients of an effective three-dimensional field theory that is obtained by dimensional reduction at finite temperature. The effects of the electric scale √λT are taken into account by perturbative calculations in the effective theory. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 11:45AM - 11:57AM |
H10.00006: Extremal Black Holes with General Asymptotic Scalars in STU Supergravity and tests of Swampland conjectures. Aritra Saha, Mirjam Cvetic, Christopher Pope We present a construction of the most general BPS black holes of STU supergravity (N=2 supersymmetric D=4 supergravity coupled to three vector super-multiplets) with arbitrary asymptotic values of the scalar fields. These solutions are obtained by acting with a subset of of the global symmetry generators on STU BPS black holes with zero values of the asymptotic scalars, both in the U-duality and the heterotic frame. The solutions are parameterized by fourteen parameters: four electric and four magnetic charges, and the asymptotic values of the six scalar fields. Furthermore, these solutions are used to study two swampland conjectures (Weak Gravity Conjecture and Swampland Distance Conjecture) in the moduli space of string compactifications. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 11:57AM - 12:09PM |
H10.00007: The up quark: The case for its cylindrical geometry Scott S Gordon The CERN website states, “…although the Standard Model accurately describes the phenomena within its domain, it is still incomplete. Perhaps it is only a part of a bigger picture that includes new physics hidden deep in the subatomic world or in the dark recesses of the universe. New information from experiments at the LHC will help us to find more of these missing pieces.” However, Wikipedia states that “elementary particles are particles with no measurable internal structure”. With no measurable internal structure, an experimental approach to gain knowledge into the internal structure of elementary particles seems less forthcoming, leaving this dilemma as a purely theoretical pursuit. The introduction and application of Hierarchy of Energy theory could help unlock how an elementary particle’s geometric form correlates to its known properties. Representing an up quark in the form of a cylinder provides a sound structural and mathematical footing for the flux tubes of the strong force, the color property of QCD, a quark’s fractional electric charge, and the basis behind the formation of heavier quark pairs… All while remaining completely consistent with corroborated experimental data and current validated theory. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 12:09PM - 12:21PM |
H10.00008: Heavy-quark mass relation from standard-model boson operator expansion in terms of fermions Jaime Besprosvany, Rebeca Sánchez Within the standard model, fields are expanded in a composite basis, using second-quantization. We consider the heavy-particle sector conformed of electroweak vectors, the Higgs field, and the top and bottom quarks, the latter constituting a basis. Thus, such bosons and symmetry operators are expanded in terms of bilinear combinations of quark operators, considering discrete degrees of freedom and the chiral structure. Through the Higgs mechanism, using the mass-mode components, a common mass-generating scalar operator, acting on the vectors and quark-doublet elements, allows for a quantum estimate of the Higgs vacuum expectation value, and reproduces the particles' masses. This links the corresponding scalar-vector and Yukawa vertices, and leads to a relation connecting the t- and b-quark masses through the vacuum expectation value. |
Sunday, April 10, 2022 12:21PM - 12:33PM |
H10.00009: Open system dynamics in interacting quantum field theories Brenden M Bowen, Nishant Agarwal, Archana Kamal A quantum system that interacts with its environment, in general, undergoes non-unitary evolution. The resulting dynamics can further be non-Markovian or Markovian based on properties of the interaction and environment. I will first discuss the construction of a non-Markovian master equation in a relativistic setting for different interacting quantum field theories in flat spacetime. I will next present a method to calculate resummed equal-time correlations with the master equation and discuss how this compares to a regular loop correction. I will discuss how the rotating wave and Markovian approximations manifest in our result and compare the evolution under these approximations to non-Markovian evolution for different choices of interaction and initial state for the environment. Lastly, I will briefly discuss how our results can be generalized for curved spacetimes. |
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