Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 5
Saturday–Tuesday, April 17–20, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session Y09: Gravitational Wave Astronomy: Survey AnalysisLive
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Sponsoring Units: DAP Chair: Tanja Hinderer, Univ. Utrecht |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 1:30PM - 1:42PM Live |
Y09.00001: Application of the third RIT binary black hole simulations catalog to parameter estimation of gravitational waves signals from the LIGO-Virgo O1/O2 observational runs Carlos Lousto, James Healy, Richard O'Shaughnessy, Jacob lange Using exclusively the 777 full numerical waveforms of the third binary black hole RIT catalog, we reanalyze the ten black hole merger signals reported in LIGO/Virgo’s O1/O2 observation runs. We obtain binary parameters, extrinsic parameters, and the remnant properties of these gravitational waves events which are consistent with, but not identical to, previously presented results. We have also analyzed three additional events (GW170121, GW170304, GW170727) reported by Venumadhav, Zackay, Roulet, Dai, and Zaldarriaga [Phys. Rev. D 101, 083030 (2020)] and found closely matching parameters. We finally assess the accuracy of our waveforms with convergence studies applied to O1/O2 events and found them adequate for current estimation of parameters. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 1:42PM - 1:54PM Live |
Y09.00002: A fast and precise methodology to search for strong gravitational-wave lensing Justin Janquart, Otto A. Hannuksela, Haris K., Chris Van den Broeck Gravitational waves (GWs), like electromagnetic signals, can undergo gravitational lensing when a massive object (a galaxy or galaxy cluster) is present on the path from source to the detector. In the case of GWs, lensing will manifest itself through several images arriving at our interferometers at different times, separated by seconds to months. According to the current forecasts, gravitational-wave lensing observations can become quite likely with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo at design sensitivity. Discovering lensing of GWs presents a computational challenge, given the large number of GW signal pairs (including sub-threshold triggers) that need to be investigated to see whether they represent images of a lensed event. We present GOLUM (Gravitational-wave analysis Of Lensed and Unlensed waveform Models), a method which considerably speeds up the search for lensed events (by up to factors of hundreds) by marginalizing over parameters that are unaffected by lensing before jointly analyzing two GW signals under the lensing hypothesis. This allows for analysis of large sets of GW pairs, enabling future lensing searches. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 1:54PM - 2:06PM Live |
Y09.00003: Measuring tidal deformability and radii of neutron star sources with third generation gravitational wave~detector networks Rachael Huxford, Ssohrab Borhanian, Bangalore Sathyaprakash Third generation gravitational wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer could be the newest members of an ever-expanding network of current and planned ground-based detectors across the globe. With each detector addition, a more sensitive network is created with improved capabilities. In this presentation, we explore how well current and proposed detector network configurations constrain the tidal deformability and radii of neutron star sources and how third generation of detectors will improve these. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 2:06PM - 2:18PM Live |
Y09.00004: Fast, flexible, and accurate evaluation of Malmquist bias for Advanced LIGO/Virgo and beyond. Colm Talbot Understanding and modeling observational selection effects is vital to performing unbiased inference with observed astrophysical populations. Current methods used to estimate the selection function for compact binaries in gravitational-wave transient surveys at sufficient precision will become computational impractical as the observed catalog continues to grow. In this talk, I will describe how we can leverage machine learning techniques to increase our precision while reducing the computational cost. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 2:18PM - 2:30PM Live |
Y09.00005: Environmental trends and scattered light in Advanced LIGO's 3rd Observing Run Katie Rink Advanced LIGO detector data contains numerous types of terrestrial noise that can mimic or mask gravitational wave events. Light scattering is a source of persistent noise transients, or glitches, that were present in LIGO-Virgo's third observing run (O3). Understanding these noise sources and their evolution is essential for mitigating future noise and maximizing the amount of observing time where we can make confident astrophysical detections. To combat scattering glitches, a major source of noise in both LIGO detectors, I investigated the correlation between scattering glitches and environmental trends at both LIGO sites throughout O3. My findings confirmed that the rate of scattering glitches was correlated to elevated ground motion as expected, however the measured environmental trends were not the dominant factor in the observed increases in glitch rate. In this talk I will discuss my methods, findings, and implications for mitigating potential new sources of scattering glitches in future observing runs.~ [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 2:30PM - 2:42PM Live |
Y09.00006: Inferring physical properties of stellar collapse by third-generation gravitational-wave detectors Chaitanya Afle, Duncan Brown Galactic core-collapse supernovae are among the possible sources of gravitational waves. We investigate the ability of gravitational-wave detectors to extract the properties of the collapsing progenitor from the gravitational waves radiated. We use simulations of supernovae that explore a variety of progenitor core rotation rates and nuclear equations of state and use principal component analysis of the simulation catalog to determine the dominant features of the waveforms and create a map between the measured properties of the waveform and the physical properties of the progenitor, namely the ratio of the progenitor’s core rotational kinetic energy to potential energy ($\beta$) and the post bounce oscillation frequency (f-peak). We use Bayesian parameter inference and the map to calculate posteriors for the physical properties given a gravitational-wave observation. For a supernovae at the distance of the galactic center with $\beta=0.02$ our method can estimate $\beta$ with a $90\%$ credible interval of 0.004 for Advanced LIGO, and 0.0008 for Cosmic Explorer. We demonstrate that if $\beta>0.02$ for a source within the Milky Way observed by Cosmic Explorer, our method can also extract f-peak to a precision of within 5Hz allowing us to constrain the nuclear equation of state. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 2:42PM - 2:54PM Live |
Y09.00007: Deconvolving Pulsar Signals with Cyclic Spectroscopy: A Systematic Evaluation Timothy Dolch, Dan Stinebring, Glenn Jones, Hengrui Zhu, Ryan Lynch, Tyler Cohen, Paul Demorest, Michael Lam, Lina Levin, Maura McLaughlin, Nipuni Palliyaguru Radio pulsar signals are significantly perturbed by their propagation through the ionized interstellar medium. In addition to the frequency-dependent pulse times of arrival due to dispersion, pulse shapes are also distorted and shifted, having been scattered by the interstellar plasma, affecting arrival times. Understanding the degree to which scattering affects pulsar timing is important for gravitational wave detection with pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), which depend on the reliability of pulsars as stable clocks. In previous studies, the technique of cyclic spectroscopy (CS) has been applied to pulsar signals to deconvolve the effects of scattering from the original emitted signals. We present an analysis of simulated data to test the quality of deconvolution using CS over a range of parameters characterizing interstellar scattering and pulsar signal-to-noise ratio. We show that CS is most effective for high-S/N and/or highly scattered pulsars. We conclude that CS could play an important role in scattering correction to distant populations of highly scattered pulsars not currently included in PTAs. For future telescopes, CS could potentially double the number of PTA-quality pulsars. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, April 20, 2021 2:54PM - 3:06PM Live |
Y09.00008: Simulation-based gravitational-wave population inference with GWTC2 Kaze W.K. Wong, Vishal Baibhav, Emanuele Berti, Katelyn Breivik, Thomas Callister, Gaberiele Franciolini, Kyle Kremer, Valerio De Luca, Paolo Pani, Antonio Riotto The recent release of the second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-2) has increased significantly the number of known events, enabling unprecedented constraints on formation models of compact binaries. By analyzing the newest catalogue of gravitational-wave events with a deep-learning enhanced hierarchical Bayesian modelling framework and population synthesis simulations, we present constraints on astrophysical quantities for various black-hole binary formation channels using a population of events observed by the ground-based gravitational-wave detector network, including binaries formed in isolation, binaries formed in globular clusters and primordial black holes. [Preview Abstract] |
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