Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2013
Volume 58, Number 4
Saturday–Tuesday, April 13–16, 2013; Denver, Colorado
Session K2: Poster Session II (2:00 - 5:00pm) |
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Sponsoring Units: APS Room: Plaza Foyer |
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K2.00001: TESTS OF PHYSICS LAWS |
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K2.00002: Field-theory calculation of the electric dipole moment of the neutron and paramagnetic atoms Joel Griffith, Steven Blundell, Jonathan Sapirstein Electric dipole moments (edms) of bound states that arise from the constituents having edms are studied with field-theoretic techniques. The systems treated are the neutron and a set of paramagnetic atoms. In the latter case it is well known that the atomic edm differs greatly from the electron edm when the internal electric fields of the atom are taken into account. In the nonrelativistic limit these fields lead to a complete suppression, but for heavy atoms large enhancement factors are present. A general bound-state field theory approach applicable to both the neutron and paramagnetic atoms is set up. It is applied first to the neutron, treating the quarks as moving freely in a confining spherical well. It is shown that the effect of internal electric fields is small in this case. The atomic problem is then revisited using field-theory techniques in place of the usual Hamiltonian methods, and the atomic enhancement factor is shown to be consistent with previous calculations. Possible application of bound-state techniques to other sources of the neutron edm is discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00003: Is force directly proportional to the square of matter without regards distance? Ahmad Reza Estakhr is force directly proportional to the square of matter without regards distance? $F\propto m^2$ The answer is yes! Estakhr's Constant: $B=0.129224260(5\sim 6)N/(Mev/c^2)^2$ that led to equivalence between square of mass and force $F=m^2.B$ at high energies. Estakhr's constant is the first constant in Quantum physics that shows force between two masses without regards their distance, it Also can means as squared of one single mass. In estakhr's equation of force acceleration is proportional to mass, at high energy physics. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00004: Critical Analysis of the Mathematical Formalism of Theoretical Physics. I. Foundations of Differential and Integral Calculus Temur Z. Kalanov Critical analysis of the standard foundations of differential and integral calculus -- as mathematical formalism of theoretical physics -- is proposed. Methodological basis of the analysis is the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics. It is shown that: (a) the foundations (i.e. $\frac{d{\kern 1pt}y}{d\,x}\;=\;\lim\limits_{\Delta \,x\;\to \;0} \,\;\frac{\Delta \,y}{\Delta \,x}$, $\lim\limits_{\Delta \,x\;\to \;0} \;\frac{\Delta \,y}{\Delta \,x}\;=\;\lim\limits_{\Delta \,x\;\to \;0} \;\frac{f\,\left( {x\;+\;\Delta \,x} \right)\;-\;f\,\left( x \right)}{\Delta \,x}\;$, $d\,x\;=\;\Delta \,x$\textbf{, }$d\,y\;=\;\Delta \,y$ where $y\;=\;f\,\left( x \right)$ is a continuous function of one argument $x$; $\Delta \,x$ and $\Delta \,y$ are increments; $d\,x$ and $d\,y$ are differentials) not satisfy formal logic law -- the law of identity; (b) the infinitesimal quantities $d\,x$, $d\,y$ are fictitious quantities. They have neither algebraic meaning, nor geometrical meaning because these quantities do not take numerical values and, therefore, have no a quantitative measure; (c) expressions of the kind $x\;+\;d\,x$ are erroneous because $x$ (i.e. finite quantity) and $d\,x$ (i.e. infinitely diminished quantity) have different sense, different qualitative determinacy; since $x\;\,\to \;\,c\,{\kern 1pt}\,=\,\,const$ under $\Delta \,x\;\,\to \;\,0$, a derivative does not contain variable quantity $x$ and depends only on constant $c$. Consequently, the standard concepts ``infinitesimal quantity (uninterruptedly diminishing quantity)'', ``derivative'', ``derivative as function of variable quantity'' represent incorrect basis of mathematics and theoretical physics. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00005: A Cyclic Universe Numerically Realized William Duhe, Tirthbar Biswas A unique way of realizing inflation has been proposed recently in the context of cyclic cosmology where the universe grows by a constant factor in each cycle. This leads to an overall exponential growth over many cycles. In a given cycle such a growth is possible if, for instance, ``heavy particles'' can decay into radiation (photons) leading to an increase in entropy. However, to sustain this mechanism over successive cycles, it is crucial to reproduce the heavy particles back through quantum scattering processes and re-establish thermal equilibrium between all the species. We attempt to prove the viability of a ``multiple bang'' scenario to produce known cosmological data as well as use it to predict fluctuations in the upcoming higher resolution plank telescope data. This paradigm opens doors for new investigations into the principles surrounding the content and origin of the universe. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00006: Quantization of Relativistic action in multiples of Planck's (constant) Quantum of action Ahmad Reza Estakhr Quantization of Relativistic action in multiples of Planck's (constant) Quantum of action. a new Postulate for special relativity theory. The third Postulate of special relativity: Relativistic action is limited to Planck's Quantum of action. $\mathcal {S}=\int^{t_f}_{t_i}\mathcal {L}dt=n.h \quad n \in Z.$ where the $\mathcal {L}=-m_oc^2\gamma^{-1},$ is the Lagrangian. action for a point particle in a curved spacetime. $\mathcal S =-Mc \int ds = -Mc \int_{\xi_0}^{\xi_1}\sqrt{g_{\mu\nu}(x)\frac{dx^\mu(\xi)}{d\xi} \frac{dx^\nu(\xi)}{d\xi}} \ \ d\xi=nh$ Quantization of Nambu-Goto action: $\mathcal{S} ~=~ -\frac{1}{2\pi\alpha'} \int \mathrm{d}^2 \Sigma \sqrt{{\dot{X}} ^2 - {X'}^2}~=~nh \quad n \in Z.$ point: The action $S= - E_0 ~ \Delta \tau$ of a relativistic particle is minus the rest energy $E_0=m_0c^2$ times the change $\Delta \tau=\tau_f-\tau_i$ in proper time. Single relativistic particle When relativistic effects are significant, the action of a point particle of mass ``m'' travelling a world line ``C'' parametrized by the proper time $\tau$ is :$S = - m_o c^2 \int_{C} \, d \tau$. If instead, the particle is parametrized by the coordinate time ''t'' of the particle and the coordinate time ranges from $t_1$ to $t_2$, then the action becomes :$\int_{t1}^{t2}\mathcal {L} \, dt$ where the Lagrangian is :$\mathcal {L} = - m_o c^2 \sqrt {1 - \frac{v^2}{c^2}}$. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00007: Introducing a Room-Temperature Controllable Continuous Fusion Method Using Low Energy Photon (\textless\ 3eV) Based on Quantum Mechanic Reinterpretation and the Discovery of Quantum Structure Meggie Zhang My Research found wave-particle duality has made an assumption, which is not being aware nor documented. At sub-macro level wave behaves as a composite phenomenon comprising large amount of particles but individual particle does not form a wave pattern. This is true for both classical wave and electromagnetic wave. This suggests that wave is a group property. Quantum mechanic associates a wave equation with a particle and let it be a photon, a neutron or whatever. This treatment use a wave packets represent a particle assumes a wave packet -- a group of particles, has the same property with a single particle. Therefore wave-particle duality really assumes that a group of particles and a single particle has the same property. Since a group can be represent by a mathematical set, for such assumption to stand mathematically speaking it requires the system to be a fractal. Therefore wave-particle duality really assumes matter as fractals. Fractals are nowhere differentiable and cannot be analyzed using transitional method. My research found evidence supporting a fractal nature of matter and universe and approximation using continuous function have caused problems theories therefore reinterpretation of quantum mechanic is needed. Based on the reinterpretation of quantum mechanic I was able to discover the quantum structure. Based on these understanding I designed and succeeded a room-temperature controllable fusion experiment using low energy photon. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00008: Choosing at a Distance an Overall Distribution Exhibiting Either Which-Way Information or Interference Using a Single Optical Microcavity Douglas Snyder Choosing at a distance either an overall distribution exhibiting ww information or instead no ww information is based on a delayed choice whether or not to keep the entanglement between paired photons where an idler photon provides which way information to a paired distant signal photon. The choice depends on either losing an idler photon passing through the apparatus in many other similar photons or not losing the idler photon. Initially both of the photons in a pair have ww info, but due to device setup the ww info for the signal particle is quickly lost. One example is Kim where the photon pairs are created at one of two ``slits''. Ww info is quickly lost for the signal photon since it travels a two slit setup after creation. Ww info is preserved for the idler photon since the two ``slits'' are followed by a prism that associates each ``slit'' with one of two widely separated paths. The result is the idler photon provides ww info to the distant entangled signal photon. If the idler photon is not lost in many other smilar photons, the signal photons show an overall ww distribution. If the idler photon is lost before the signal photon is detected, the signal photons show a distribution exhibiting interference. Ultrafast switches for single entangled photons can be used to change the path/s for the idler photon while the idler photon is in flight so that an idler photon either is detected at one of two detectors on different idler photon paths (ww info) or instead enters an optical microcavity filled with photons similar to the idler photon and situated where two idler photon paths overlap (no ww info). [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00009: A Practical, Straightforward Experiment to Obtain Distinct Overall Which Way and Non-Which Way Distributions at a Distance Using Delayed Choice Douglas Snyder The proposed experiment relies on a delayed choice whether or not to keep the entanglement between paired signal and idler photons where the idler photon provides which way information to a distant signal photon. One can produce an overall distribution of the signal photons showing interference by losing the idler photons in many other similar photons over many experimental runs or instead an overall which way distribution for the signal photons at a distance by not losing their paired idler photons over many experimental runs. The idler photon is either detected or lost before the entangled signal photon is detected. The overall which way or non which way distributions (the latter exhibiting interference) for the signal photons are not dependent on correlating measurement results on the paired signal and idler photons. Ultrafast switches (such as that of Hall, Altepeter, and Kumar, http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/13/10/105004/fulltext/) can be used to change the paths for the idler photon while the idler photon is in flight. Optical microcavities filled with photons similar to the idler photon can be used to lose the idler photon. The method underlying the experiment is described. One reference to the delayed choice method proposed here is: http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2012.MAR.K1.303. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00010: Electron Tunneling in Quantum Rings in an Electric Field Oluwafemi Adelegan, Branislav Vlahovic, Igor Filikin, Sergei Matinyan, James Nimmo Double concentric quantum rings (DCQRs) composed of InGaAs in a GaAs substrate utilizing a kp-perturbation single sub-band approach with the effective potential approach were theoretically studied. Two dimensional (2D) objects were considered. Statistical analysis of these DCQRs in the absents of an applied electric field were compared with these DCQRs when a static electric field was applied to them. The statistical analysis consist of taking the difference of the probability of finding an electron in the inner ring and outer ring, dividing by the sum of these probabilities. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00011: PARTICLES AND FIELDS |
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K2.00012: General Theory of Harmonics Generation thru Energy Transformation Don Czyzyk Energy, whatever its form, can be converted into an electrical signal. When analyzed is found to be comprised of a continuum of sinusoidal frequencies called a harmonic spectrum H/S. This paper addresses the question of how/why, in general, are these sinusoidal frequencies (harmonics) generated and in particular how they are produced in electronic circuits. To address this question many varied experiments were performed. Some experiments used just batteries while others used mechanical, acoustic, pneumatic, thermal, magnetic, hydraulic or photonic devices. All these devices were used to investigate the nature of harmonic generation from the perspective of the en masse movement of conduction electrons. Primarily performing electronic experiments on the envelope of a single pulse revealed that a pulse of one wavelength can be separated into basic individual segments. The energy of each individual segment, when absorbed by conduction electrons, is transformed into a unique H/S. Recombining all the individual segments that comprise a pulse envelope, involves the constructive or destructive interactions of their harmonic spectrums leading to the amplitudes of some harmonics being increased and others reduced or eliminated. The result is a pulse envelope with a different harmonic series. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00013: Fermion Mass Spectrum and Mixing Terrence Goldman, Gerard Stephenson, Jr. We examine the mass spectra of the fundamental fermions for relations between the spectra and the electroweak mixing angles and suggest that interactions beyond the Standard Model are implied and, to some extent, delineated. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00014: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
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K2.00015: Electron Neutrino identification in the NO$\nu$A Detectors Himansu Sahoo The NO$\nu$A long-baseline neutrino experiment is designed to search for oscillations of muon neutrinos to electron neutrinos. These oscillations are sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy and CP violation effects. NO$\nu$A will use the off-axis muon neutrino beam produced by the NuMI beam at Fermilab. It consists of a Near Detector at Fermilab and a Far Detector 810 km away at Ash River, Minnesota. The main challenge of the experiment is the identification of the $\nu_e$ charged-current events. In this talk, I will discuss the several techniques developed to separate the charged-current signal events from neutral current background events. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00016: Muon Energy Estimations at $NO\nu A$ Fernanda Psihas Muon energy reconstruction plays a key role in the muon neutrino disappearance analysis in the $NO\nu A$ experiment. We now employ three different methods to estimate the energy of muons in the $NO\nu A$ detectors: range, calorimetry and multiple scattering. Each of them takes advantage of the properties of the $NO\nu A$ detectors and yields a different resolution for muon energy. Given the distinct approaches of these methods, events for which each of them has better resolution, respectively, have different characteristics. As a consequence, each can be applied to those events for which its resolution is higher. The three techniques are presented and compared. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00017: The LArIAT Experiment Bryce Littlejohn Characterizing the response of liquid argon TPCs is an important task that needs to be accomplished before upcoming experiments like MicroBooNE begin running. ~A proposal to place the existing ArgoNeuT cryostat and TPC into a charged particle test beam at Fermilab has been submitted, and work toward that goal is in progress. This talk will present the goals and expected capabilities for TPC characterization and particle ID and reconstruction development with this program. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00018: Double Chooz and the first test of Lorentz violation with a reactor-based antineutrino experiment Joshua Spitz The Double Chooz neutrino oscillation experiment's search for Lorentz violation will be presented. The violation of Lorentz invariance has been probed by studying the sidereal time dependence of a sample of 8249 electron antineutrino candidate events. With no observed dependence and working within the Standard-Model Extension framework, we set the first limits on 14 Lorentz violating coefficients associated with transitions between electron and tau flavor. This analysis represents the first test of Lorentz violation using reactor antineutrinos. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00019: A Simple Extension of EW Gauge Boson Mixing and Mass of the 125 GeV Higgs Boson Thomas Ward A simple extension of EW gauge theory found within the framework of the SM mixes the Yang-Mills (Y-M) field with the vector (Weak and EM), scalar (Higgs), and tensor gauge fields resulting in a model prediction of a Higgs mass spectrum that includes the recently discovered 125 GeV particle. The key feature is the use of coupled Y-M gauge fields ($B_{\mu } )$ whose quanta are spin $J_{\mu } =0,1,2$ and isotopic spin $I_{3} =0$ mixing off-diagonally with the neutral Higgs, Z, photon and tensor gauge fields. The tensor algebra is associated with a unimodular 4x4 integral matrix with even (vector) and odd (scalar and tensor) 2x2 matrix subspace components. The predicted Higgs spectrum consists of neutral scalar $(J_{\mu }^{\pi } =0^{+},I_{3} =0)$ and pseudoscalar $(J_{\mu }^{\pi } =0^{-},I_{3} =0)$ particles whose QCD quark-antiquark $(\bar{{u}}t,\bar{{c}}t,\bar{{t}}t)$ wavefunctions are combinations of a scalar Higgs color magnetic triplet \textit{(sp quarks}) and a pseudoscalar Higgs color magnetic singlet \textit{(ss quarks}). The two lowest lying Higgs scalar particles are predicted to be 124.05 GeV $(\bar{{u}}t)$ and 125.30 GeV$(\bar{{c}}t)$. The predicted Higgs scalar and pseudoscalar mass spectra will be presented and discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00020: Extraordinary Gauge Mediation at Finite Temperature Ben Kain, Collin Manning, Aaron Hanken We investigate minimally completed models of extraordinary gauge mediation, which are examples of direct gauge mediation, at finite temperature both analytically and numerically. Our interest is determining the preferred zero temperature vacuum. We do so by computing the finite temperature Coleman-Weinberg potential and studying the thermal evolution of supersymmetry and R-symmetry breaking vacua. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00021: PIXeY - Liquid Xenon R{\&}D at Yale Blair Edwards, Ethan Bernard, Sidney Cahn, Nicole Larsen, Alexey Lyashenko, Daniel McKinsey, James Nikkel, Yunchang Shin, Brian Tennyson, Christopher Wahl, Nicholas Destefano, Moshe Gai In recent years xenon has risen as a medium for particle detection, exhibiting a number of desirable qualities that make it well-suited for applications such as medical imaging, imaging of nuclear materials, and fundamental physics research. Xenon is a bright scintillator, with a fast ($\sim$45 ns) response time, a large charge yield and high electron mobility. The high density (3 g/mL) and high atomic number (Z $=$ 54) of liquid xenon make it ideal for detecting gamma rays with high efficiency over large energy ranges. PIXeY (Particle Identification in Xenon at Yale) is a compact, liquid-xenon-based TPC that operates in either single or two-phase (liquid/gas) mode and detects both charge and light signals produced by particle interactions within the detector. The initial goal of the experiment is to study xenon physics with implications for the operation and design for future large scale experiments (for dark matter or double beta decay), including energy resolution and event discrimination. This presentation will provide an overview of the experiment and discuss the xenon physics studies planned, the results so far and a brief overview of future plans. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00022: ACCELERATOR SYSTEMS |
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K2.00023: Investigating the response of scintillators for the detection of laser accelerated protons Nathan Cook, Olivier Tresca, Vitaly Yakimenko Radiation pressure acceleration with ultraintense laser pulses presents an exciting new scheme for obtaining energetic protons from a gas jet target. One of the advantages conferred by using a gaseous laser and target is the potential for a fast (1 Hz) repetition rate. This requires diagnostics which are not only comprehensive for a single shot, but also capable of repeated use. We consider several scintillators as candidates for an imaging diagnostic for protons accelerated to MeV energies by a $CO_2$ laser focused on a gas jet target. We have measured the response of chromium-doped alumina (Chromox), CsI:Tl, and a polyvinyl toluene (PVT) screen to protons in the $2-12$ MeV range using a CCD camera. We have calibrated the luminescent yield in terms of photons emitted per incident proton for each scintillator. We also discuss photon scattering in each and determine its impact on their respective resolutions. In addition, we consider the impact of radiation intensity on the materials, including radiation damage and the presence of an afterglow. Our analysis reveals a near order of magnitude greater yield from Chromox in response to proton beams in this energy range. Moreover, Chromox displays improved radiation resistance, making it the best choice for a flexible diagnostic tool [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00024: Harmonic Ratcheting for Ferrite Tuned RF Acceleration of Charged Particles Nathan Cook, Mike Brennan One of the most persistent difficulties in the design of RF cavities for acceleration of charged particles is the rapid and efficient acceleration of particles over a large range of frequencies. From medical synchrotrons to accelerator driven systems, there is a strong need for fast acceleration of protons and light ions over hundreds of MeV. Conventionally, this is a costly undertaking, requiring specially designed ferrite loaded cavities to be tuned over a large range of frequencies. Ferromagnetic materials allow for the precise adjustment of cavity resonant frequency, but rapid changes in the frequency as well as operation outside material specific frequency ranges result in significant Q-loss to the cavity. This leads to a considerable increase in power required and is thus undesirable for regular operation. We introduce an acceleration scheme known as harmonic ratcheting which can be used to reduce the cavity frequency range needed for accelerating an ion beam in a synchrotron. In particular, this scheme addresses the need for high rep. rate machines for applications such as radiation therapy in which low beam intensity is needed. We demonstrate with simulations the type of ramps achievable using this technique and consider its advantages over h=1 acceleration schemes. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00025: ACCELERATORS AND STORAGE RINGS |
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K2.00026: GENERAL |
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K2.00027: Bohr's Electron was Problematic for Einstein: String Theory Solved the Problem William Webb Neils Bohr's 1913 model of the hydrogen electron was problematic for Albert Einstein. Bohr's electron rotates with positive kinetic energies $+$K but has addition negative potential energies - 2K. The total net energy is thus always negative with value - K. Einstein's special relativity requires energies to be positive. There's a Bohr negative energy conflict with Einstein's positive energy requirement. The two men debated the problem. Both would have preferred a different electron model having only positive energies. Bohr and Einstein couldn't find such a model. But Murray Gell-Mann did! In the 1960's, Gell-Mann introduced his loop-shaped string-like electron. Now, analysis with string theory shows that the hydrogen electron is a loop of string-like material with a length equal to the circumference of the circular orbit it occupies. It rotates like a lariat around its centered proton. This loop-shape has no negative potential energies: only positive $+$K relativistic kinetic energies. Waves induced on loop-shaped electrons propagate their energy at a speed matching the tangential speed of rotation. With matching wave speed and only positive kinetic energies, this loop-shaped electron model is uniquely suited to be governed by the Einstein relativistic equation for total mass-energy. Its calculated photon emissions are all in excellent agreement with experimental data and, of course, in agreement with those -K calculations by Neils Bohr 100 years ago. Problem solved! [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00028: Vibrational Studies to Elucidate the Structure of Water at Biological Interfaces Bahar Bahrani, Luke O'Neill, Kunal Bhattacharya, Hugh Byrne In biological systems, water takes up to 80{\%} of the volume inside a cell. This water solubilises the biological macromolecules such as the DNA, proteins and lipids. Recent advancements have shown that the water at the interface of a lipid is structured, five layers of structured water have been found at this solvent cage. Steady state spectroscopy, FT-IR and Raman vibrational, of water in lipids was performed in an attempt to elucidate the structure of water at the biological interface. Raman spectroscopy was used to probe the difficulties of observing the vibrational signature of the water molecule at low hydration limits. Dehydration was hindering as water molecules in the air constantly rehydrate the lipid, thus preventing it from reaching the low hydration limits desired. Deuterium Oxide proved to be an unstable molecule, which mixes with water molecules in air to produce a three-parameter system contained of the two aforementioned isotopes of water and Hydrogen Oxygen Deuterium, when it is used under an uncontrolled atmosphere. It also showed itself to be toxic to cells when introduced quickly and at high concentrations. It was evident that lipid and water must be examined under controlled environmental conditions or under an inert gas, in a search to look for structured water. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00029: Big Bang Cosmic Titanic: Cause for Concern? Robert Gentry This abstract alerts physicists to a situation that, unless soon addressed, may yet affect PRL integrity. I refer to Stanley Brown's and DAE Robert Caldwell's rejection of PRL submission LJ12135, A Cosmic Titanic: Big Bang Cosmology Unravels Upon Discovery of Serious Flaws in Its Foundational Expansion Redshift Assumption, by their claim that BB is an established theory while ignoring our paper's Titanic, namely, that BB's foundational spacetime expansion redshifts assumption has now been proven to be irrefutably false because it is contradicted by our seminal discovery that GPS operation unequivocally proves that GR effects do not produce in-flight photon wavelength changes demanded by this central assumption. This discovery causes the big bang to collapse as quickly as did Ptolemaic cosmology when Copernicus discovered its foundational assumption was heliocentric, not geocentric. Additional evidence that something is amiss in PRL's treatment of LJ12135 comes from both Brown and EiC Gene Spouse agreeing to meet at my exhibit during last year's Atlanta APS to discuss this cover-up issue. Sprouse kept his commitment; Brown didn't. Question: If Brown could have refuted my claim of a cover-up, why didn't he come to present it before Gene Sprouse? I am appealing LJ12135's rejection. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00030: POST-DEADLINE ABSTRACTS |
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K2.00031: Search for $WZ/ZZ$ diboson production in the jets plus missing transverse energy final state at CDF Sid Narayanan We perform a search for $WZ/ZZ \rightarrow$ missing $E_T$ + jets in 8.9 fb$^{-1}$ of data from CDF, using Tevatron 1.96 TeV $p\bar{p}$ collisions. Specifically, we look for events where a $W$ or $Z$ boson decays into two quarks and the other decays into two neutrinos ($Z$) or a lepton and neutrino ($W$). We select events with large missing transverse energy and at least two quark jets. We limit the number of reconstructed leptons to mitigate top quark backgrounds. We can not completely reduce $W/Z$ + jets and QCD multi-jet backgrounds, so we use data-driven models to estimate their contribution to the event sample along with the associated systematic uncertainties. Finally, to limit the $WW$ contribution, we split the analysis into two channels. We consider all events with two bottom-quark tagged jets (2-tag channel) and all other events (no-tag channel). We perform a simultaneous fit in both channels and set an upper limit on $WW/WZ$ production of 1.6 times the standard model expectation at the 95\% confidence level. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00032: Measuring Neutrino Oscillations with the MINOS Experiment Alexander Radovic The observation of neutrino oscillation provided the first evidence for physics beyond the standard model. MINOS has been one of the foremost experiments in the field Pioneering the two-detector technique, the MINOS long-baseline oscillation experiment has made several world-class neutrino oscillation measurements, not only making the most precise measure of the largest neutrino mass splitting, but also the first direct measurement of the antineutrino oscillation parameters. This presentation provides a definitive summary of the contribution MINOS has made to the world's knowledge of $\theta_{23}$ and $\Delta |m_{atm}|^{2}$ through the observation of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00033: The IIT Indore Radio Telescope Array for Cosmology Siddharth Malu, Peter Timbie, Lucio Piccirillo, Gregory Tucker Galaxy clusters grow by mergers with other clusters and galaxy groups, which create shock waves in the ICM that can accelerate particles to extreme energies and lead to ``cold fronts'' with narrow pressure structures with low particle density. These regions can be studied best using the SZ effect, which offers the most direct probe of pressure enhancements along shock fronts. In order to understand the physics of shock fronts and cold fronts in galaxy clusters, it is therefore crucial to produce high-resolution SZ effect images of merging clusters. Therefore, a SZ effect study of cluster mergers that exhibit shock structures as radio relics is necessary as a first step towards building confidence in emerging merger models. Our recent observations demonstrate anomalously high diffuse emission from cluster mergers at high (\textgreater 10 GHz) frequencies -- these challenge current paradigms of diffuse emission from clusters. There is, however, no radio telescope or observatory designed specifically for characterizing large-scale structure like galaxy clusters. Radio observatories have dishes that are too large to cover a large enough area on the sky that might encompasses the entirety of mergers of large/massive clusters. This is the Scientific and Technical void that RTAC aims to fill. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00034: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
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K2.00035: The Halo Occupation Distribution of X-ray-Bright Active Galactic Nuclei: A Comparison with Luminous Quasars S. Chatterjee, J. Richardson, Z. Zheng, A. Myers, R. Hickox We perform halo occupation distribution (HOD) modeling of the projected two-point correlation function (2PCF) of high-redshift ($z \sim 1.2$) X-ray-bright active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the XMM-COSMOS field measured by Allevato et al.\ (2011). The HOD parameterization is based on low-luminosity AGN in cosmological simulations. At the median redshift of $z\sim1.2$, we derive a median mass of $1.02_{-0.23}^{+0.21}\times 10^{13} \; hMsun$ for halos hosting central AGN and an upper limit of $\sim10\%$ on the AGN satellite fraction. Our modeling results indicate (at the 2.5$\sigma$ level) that X-ray AGN reside in more massive halos compared to more bolometrically luminous, optically-selected quasars at similar redshift. The modeling also yields constraints on the duty cycle of the X-ray AGN, and we find that at $z\sim1.2$ the average duration of the X-ray AGN phase is two orders of magnitude longer than that of the quasar phase. Our inferred mean occupation function of X-ray AGN is similar to recent empirical measurements with a group catalog and suggests that AGN halo occupancy increases with increasing halo mass. We project the {\it XMM}-COSMOS 2PCF measurements to forecast the required survey parameters needed in future AGN clustering studies to enable higher precision HOD constraints and determinations of key physical parameters like the satellite fraction and duty cycle. We find that $N^{2}/A \sim 5\times 10^{6}$ deg$^{-2}$ (with $N$ the number of AGN in a survey area of $A$ deg$^2$) is sufficient to constrain the HOD parameters at the 10\% level, which is easily achievable by upcoming and proposed X-ray surveys. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00036: A Direct Measurement of the Mean Occupation Function of Quasars: Breaking Degeneracy of Halo Occupation Distribution Models M.L. Nguyen, S. Chatterjee, A.D. Myers The Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) of quasars has been recently studied using the measured two-point correlation function of quasars. In this approach the derived HOD properties (satellite fraction, host halo mass distribution, etc) of quasars depend on the functional form of the Mean Occupation Function (MOF), thus allowing degeneracy on the derived parameters within the statistical uncertainty of the measured clustering. In particular, the shape of the MOF is uncertain at the high mass end. In this work, for the first time, we perform a direct measurement of the quasar MOF by cross-matching quasars at low redshift (0.1-0.3) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 with the SDSS MaxBCG cluster catalog. The masses of the clusters are computed using the modified richness-mass calibration of. We show that in the halo mass range $10^{13.5}-10^{15.2} {\rm M_{\odot}}$, the quasar occupation function increases monotonically with mass. We perform a 5 parameter fit to the occupation function using the model in, which has been derived using a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation of low luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGN). The result of this study will be invaluable in future HOD modeling of AGN and quasar clustering. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant number 1211112 by NASA through ADAP award NNX12AE38G and Chandra award number AR0-11018C issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00037: Mass Structure of Axial Vector Types of Leptons and Fields Rasulkhozha Sharafiddinov A classification of currents with respect to C-operation admits the existence of C-noninvariant types of Dirac fermions. Among them one can meet an electroweakly charged C-antisymmetrical leptons, the mass of which includes the electric and weak components responsible for the existence of their anapole charge, charge radius and electric dipole moment. Such connections can constitute the paraleptons of axial-vector currents, for example, at the interactions with field of spinless nuclei of true neutrality. We derive the united equations which relate the structural parts of mass to anapole, charge radius and electric dipole of any truly neutral lepton in the framework of flavour symmetry. Thereby, they establish the C-odd nature of leptons and fields at the level of constancy law of the size implied from the multiplication of a weak mass of C-antisymmetrical lepton by its electric mass. Therefore, all leptons of C-antisymmetricality regardless of the difference in masses of an axial-vector character, have the same anapole, an identical anapole radius as well as an equal electric dipole. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00038: An Axial Vector Nature of a Neutrino with an Electroweak Mass Rasulkhozha Sharafiddinov A classification of elementary particles with respect to C-operation admits the existence of truly neutral types of fermions. Among them one can find both a Dirac and a Majorana neutrinos of an electroweak nature. Their mass includes the electric and weak parts, in the presence of which a neutrino has the anapole charge, charge radius and electric dipole moment. They constitute the paraneutrino of true neutrality, for example, at the neutrino interaction with a spinless nucleus of an axial-vector current. We derive the united equations which relate the structural components of mass to anapole, charge radius and electric dipole of each truly neutral neutrino at the level of flavour symmetry. Such a principle can explain the C-noninvariant nature of neutrinos and fields in the framework of constancy law of the size implied from the multiplication of a weak mass of the C-odd neutrino by its electric mass. From this point of view, all neutrinos of C-antisymmetricality regardless of the difference in masses of an axial-vector character, possess the same anapole, an equal anapole radius as well as an identical electric dipole. [Preview Abstract] |
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K2.00039: Homology of Lie algebra of supersymmetries and of super Poincare Lie algebra Renjun Xu, Albert Schwarz, Michael Movshev We study the homology and cohomology groups of super Lie algebras of supersymmetries and of super Poincare Lie algebras in various dimensions. We give complete answers for (non-extended) supersymmetry in all dimensions $\leq 11$. For dimensions $D=10,11$ we describe also the cohomology of reduction of supersymmetry Lie algebra to lower dimensions. Our methods can be applied to extended supersymmetry Lie algebras. [Preview Abstract] |
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