Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2009 APS April Meeting
Volume 54, Number 4
Saturday–Tuesday, May 2–5, 2009; Denver, Colorado
Session T14: New Directions in Particle Theory |
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Sponsoring Units: DPF Chair: Andreas Kronfeld, Fermilab Room: Plaza Court 4 |
Monday, May 4, 2009 3:30PM - 3:42PM |
T14.00001: Upgrading Tensors Douglas Sweetser The covariant derivative of the standard model has 3 parts: a coupling strength, a group generator, and a potential. Constrained to 4 dimensions, tensors can be equipped with multiplication and division via an isomorphism to quaternions. U(1) symmetry is then a normalized quaternion, SU(2) a unit quaternion, and SU(3) the product of two normalized quaternions. One tensor can house the 3 symmetries of the standard model: D$_{\mu} \rightarrow (\frac{A}{|A|}exp(A-A^*))^*\frac{B}{|B|}exp(B-B^*) \nabla$. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 3:42PM - 3:54PM |
T14.00002: Symmetries of the Dirac Operator Bojan Tunguz In relativistic wave mechanics and quantum field theory the most fundamental invariance group is the Poincar\'e group of transformations: the group spatial and temporal translations, rotations and relativistic boosts. The wave functions in that view belong to an infinite-dimensional representation of the Poincar\'e group, and the generators are represented with first-order differential and spin operators. The only major difference between different infinite-dimensional representations is in the number of spin degrees of freedom that are being represented in addition to spatiotemporal degrees of freedom. In this work we build upon our previous work on the invariance of the quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian and look at all the higher order differential operators that commute with the Dirac operator. We construct the most general group that leaves the Dirac operator invariant. This group will be generated by the operators that act on both the spin and spatiotemporal degrees of freedom. We show how the Poincar\'e group fits within this group, and how this group fits within the most general group of invariances of the Dirac field. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 3:54PM - 4:06PM |
T14.00003: Optimal spin quantization axes for the polarization of dileptons and quarkonium Daekyoung Kang, Eric Braaten, Jungil Lee, Chaehyun Yu The leading-order parton processes that produce a dilepton with large transverse momentum predict that the transverse polarization should increase with the transverse momentum for almost any choice of the quantization axis for the spin of the virtual photon. The rate of approach to complete transverse polarization depends on the choice of spin quantization axis. We propose axes that optimize that rate of approach. They are determined by the momentum of the dilepton and the direction of the jet that provides most of the balancing transverse momentum. This method also is applied to the polarization of quarkonium. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 4:06PM - 4:18PM |
T14.00004: Light Baryons Spectroscopy in the Field Correlator Method R. Ya. Kezerashvili, I.M. Narodetskii, A.I. Veselov The ground and $P$-wave excited states of $nnn$, $nns$ and $ssn$ baryons are studied in the framework of the Field Correlator Method using the running strong coupling constant in the Coulomb- like part of the three-quark potential. The running coupling is calculated up to two loops in the background perturbation theory. The three-quark problem has been solved using the hyperspherical functions method. The masses of the $S$- and $P$-- wave baryons are presented. Our approach reproduces and improves the previous results for the baryon masses obtained for the freezing value of the coupling constant. The string correction for the confinement potential of the orbitally excited baryons, which is the leading contribution of the proper inertia of the rotating strings, is estimated. This correction gives a negative contribution of about 50 - 60 MeV to the masses of $P$-wave states, leaving the $S$-wave states intact. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 4:18PM - 4:30PM |
T14.00005: Why Right-Handed Neutrinos Do Not Exist Robert Close Ever since the discovery that weak interactions are preferentially left-handed, physicists have sought an explanation as to why certain mirror phenomena, such as right-handed neutrinos, are never observed. One possibility is that the theoretical parity operator which predicts such mirror phenomena is incorrect. We examine the conventional derivation of the Dirac parity operator and find that it is based on a speculative relativistic argument unrelated to Lorentz invariance. An illusory functional dependence of the probability density ($\bar {\psi }\gamma ^0\psi =\psi ^\dag \psi )$ on the matrix $\gamma ^0$ incorrectly requires that $\gamma ^0$ preserve its sign under spatial reflection. The resulting parity operator $P$ yields a mixed-parity vector space, defined relative to velocity, which is otherwise isomorphic to the spatial axes. We derive a new spatial reflection operator $M$ (for mirroring) by requiring that for any set of orthogonal basis vectors, all three have the same parity. The $M$ operator is a symmetry of the Dirac equation. It exchanges matter and antimatter eigenfunctions, consistent with all experimental evidence of mirror symmetry between matter and antimatter. This result provides a simple and compelling reason for the lack of mirror-like phenomena which do not exchange matter and antimatter. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 4:30PM - 4:42PM |
T14.00006: Quarkeosynthesis Binding Energy Bill Webb Quarkeosynthesis shows that the binding energy of a nucleus is the difference between the relativistic kinetic energies of its threesome of Jumbo Quarks and that of its building block quarks from neutrons and protons. There is no involvement of a nuclear strong force or gluon material. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 4:42PM - 4:54PM |
T14.00007: Transluminal Energy Quantum (TEQ) Model of the Electron Richard Gauthier A transluminal energy quantum (TEQ) is proposed that forms an electron by its circulatory motion. The TEQ is particle-like with a helical wave-like motion. It carries electric charge, energy, momentum and angular momentum but no mass, and easily passes through the speed of light $c$. An electron is modeled by a --e charged TEQ circulating at $1.2\times 10^{20}$ hz, the Compton frequency $mc^2/h$, in a closed double-looped helical trajectory whose circular axis' double-looped length is one Compton wavelength $h/mc$. In the electron model the TEQ's speed is superluminal 57{\%} of the time and subluminal 43{\%} of the time, passing through $c$ twice in each trajectory cycle. The TEQ's maximum speed in the electron model's rest frame is 2.515$c$ and its minimum speed is .707$c$ . The TEQ's spatio-temporal helical parameters for the electron model produce the Dirac equation's electron spin $s_z =\hbar /2$ as well as the Dirac equation's magnetic moment $M_z =-e\hbar /2m$, \textit{zitterbewegung} frequency $2mc^2/h$, \textit{zitterbewegung} amplitude $\hbar /2mc$ and internal forward speed $c$, while the TEQ's two helicities correspond to the electron and the positron. In the electron model, the TEQ moves on the mathematical surface of a self-intersecting torus (spindle torus). http://www.superluminalquantum.org [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 4:54PM - 5:06PM |
T14.00008: New Generally Covariant Generalization of the Dirac Equation Not Requiring Gauges David Maker We introduce a new pde ($\Sigma _{\mu }\surd \kappa _{\mu \mu}$\textit{$\gamma $}$_{\mu }$\textit{$\partial \psi $/$\partial $x}$_{\mu }$\textit{-$\omega \psi $=0}) with spherically symmetric diagonalized $\kappa _{00}$ = 1-r$_{H}$ =1/$\kappa _{rr}$ giving it general covariance. If r$_{H}$ =2e$^{2}$/m$_{e}$c$^{2}$ this new pde reduces to the standard Dirac equation as r$\to \infty $. Next we solve this equation directly using separation of variables (e.g., 2P, 2S, 1S terms). Note metric time component $\kappa _{oo}$=0 at r=r$_{H}$ and so clocks slow down with \textit{baryon stability} the result. Note also that near r$_{H}$ the 2P$_{3/2}$ state for this new Dirac equation gives a azimuthal trifolium, 3 lobe shape; so this \textbf{ONE} charge$ e$ (so don't need \textit{color} to guarantee this) spends $1/3$ of its time in each lobe (\textit{fractionally charged} lobes), the lobe structure is locked into the center of mass \textbf{(}\textit{asymptotic freedom}), there are \textit{six }2P states (corresponding to the 6 flavors); the P wave scattering gives the \textit{jets}\textbf{,} all these properties together constituting the~\textit{main properties of quarks!}~without invoking the many free parameters, gauge conditions of QCD. Also the 2S$_{1/2}$ is the\textbf{ }\textit{tauon} and the 1S$_{\raise.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 1$}\kern-.1em/ \kern-.15em\lower.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 2$}}$ is the \textit{muon} here. The S matrix of this new pde gives the \textit{W and Z as resonances and does not require renormalization counterterms or free parameters. }Thus we get nuclear, weak and E{\&}M phenomenology as \textit{one} step solutions of this new pde, not requiring the standard method's pathology of adhoc assumptions such as gauges and counterterms, 19 free parameters (you can vary any way you want) that have confused, blocked the progress of theoretical physics for the past 30 years. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, May 4, 2009 5:06PM - 5:18PM |
T14.00009: Precision Measurement of the Electron/Muon Gyromagnetic Factors Ayodeji Awobode Clear, persuasive arguments are brought forward to motivate the need for highly precise measurements of the electron/muon orbital g, i.e. g$_{L}$, as a test of QED. It is demonstrated, using the data of Kusch {\&} Foley on the measurement of ($\delta _{S}$ - 2$\delta _{L})$ together with the modern precise measurements of the electron $\delta _{S}$ ($\delta _{S}$ $\equiv $ g$_{S}$ -- 2)), that $\delta _{L}$ may be a small (--0.6 x 10$^{-4})$, non-zero quantity, where we have assumed Russel-Saunders (LS) coupling and proposed, along with Kusch and Foley, that g$_{S}$ = 2 + $\delta _{S}$ and g$_{L}$ = 1 + $\delta _{L}$. Therefore, there is probable evidence from experimental data that g$_{L}$ is not equal to 1 exactly; the expectation that quantum effects will significantly modify the classical value of the orbital g is therefore reasonable. It is significant that available spectroscopic data indicate that g$_{S}$ and g$_{L}$ are probably modified such that g$_{S}$ is increased by $\delta _{S}$ while g$_{L}$ is decreased by $\delta _{L}$. Modern, high precision measurements of the electron and muon orbital g$_{L}$ are therefore required, in order to properly determine by experiments the true value of g$_{L}$ -- 1, perhaps to about one part in a trillion as was recently done for g$_{S}$ -- 2. [Preview Abstract] |
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