Simulation of LBNF/DUNE prototype targets at NA61/SHINE*

Accelerator-based neutrino experiments, such as the large-scale experiment DUNE (Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment), create beams of neutrinos by directing high-energy protons onto a target, forming intermediate particles which then create neutrinos. To better predict a target's expected neutrino yield, particle physicists measure the intermediate particles using experiments such as NA61/SHINE (Super Proton Synchrotron Heavy Ion and Neutrino Experiment), located at CERN. In 2024 and 2025, data were collected at NA61/SHINE on two prototype targets for the LBNF (Long Baseline Neutrino Facility) beamline that will be used for DUNE. A Monte Carlo simulation of these targets was created using NA61/SHINE's simulation software, aiming to compare the simulation's predictions to experimental data and to measure the influences on particle production of the targets' support structure and differing densities. It was found that the supports very slightly enhance particle production, while the use of a lower-density target reduces particle production to a somewhat larger degree. This presentation details the background for this project, the implementation process, and the simulation results.