Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2019 Annual Meeting of the APS Four Corners Section
Volume 64, Number 16
Friday–Saturday, October 11–12, 2019; Prescott, Arizona
Session N01: Plenary Talks III |
Hide Abstracts |
Chair: Darrel Smith, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Room: DLC Auditorium |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 2:00PM - 2:36PM |
N01.00001: Physics of Light Dense Matter: Quantum and Classical Effects Invited Speaker: Shanti Deemyad Restricting the volume of material through application of pressure, changes the dominance of interactions within the material and exposes unnatural states of matter not found in our predominantly adiabatic universe. These new basic interactions include inner electron core chemistry, interstitial electron localizations, quantum criticality and quantum ground states. Such interactions do not play a significant role in the elegant organization of the periodic table at ambient pressure, however they play a role in a denser periodic table which to date remains mostly unexplored. One of the most exotic phenomena in condensed matter is the phase transitions purely driven by quantum effects. While quantum fluctuations in electronic states are always relevant, it is also possible to observe quantum effects in lattice of very light elements. At ambient conditions, the lightest metal of the periodic system is lithium. Similar to hydrogen and helium even at zero temperature lattice of lithium remains far from static. However, while the fascinating quantum nature of condensed helium is suppressed at high densities, due to its metallic nature, lithium is expected to adapt more quantum solid behavior under compression. In this talk I will review some of the major goals of research in high pressure physics and discuss the physics of ultra-light materials under extreme pressures. I will also present some of our studies on quantum contributions to the structural phase transitions of lithium at low temperature, the structure of its low temperature structure and will present our results on the resolving the long lasting mystery of lithium ground state. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 2:36PM - 3:12PM |
N01.00002: What are the physical principles that determine how enzymes really catalyze chemistry so magnificently efficiently (and why are they so hard to design)? Invited Speaker: Steven Schwartz The mechanisms of enzymes have been studied for many decades, but there remains basic disagreement as to how they achieve such extraordinary rate enhancements. This talk will focus on recent advances in our group aimed at answering just this question. Through advances in rare event quantum dynamics simulation, we have shown over the past decade that rapid protein motions, built into the protein matrix via evolution are central to the catalytic effect. Recently we have shown that in some cases, these motions modulate electrostatic fields at the active site, and this view harmonizes two divergent schools of thought on enzyme proficiency. We have applied these ideas to the concept of enzyme design and with our experimental collaborators have verified this new view of enzymatic action. These results also explain the relative lack of success of theoretical artificial enzyme design based on static structures. This work involved the development and application of new theoretical methods for the study of chemistry in such complex systems, and this talk will focus on method, application, and experimental verification. [Preview Abstract] |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700