Bulletin of the American Physical Society
20th Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 62, Number 9
Sunday–Friday, July 9–14, 2017; St. Louis, Missouri
Session U3: Energetic and Reactive Materials: Shock Sensitivity and Dissipation |
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Chair: Laura Smilowitz, Los Alamos National Laboratory Room: Grand Ballroom FG |
Thursday, July 13, 2017 2:15PM - 2:30PM |
U3.00001: Low-velocity impact ignition of thin metal-cased charges of PBX 9501 Matthew Holmes, Gary Parker, Peter Dickson, Eric Heatwole, Bob Broilo Accident scenarios involving an explosive worker handling a cased charge can result in low-velocity impact insults. A series of experiments was performed with 1mm thick metal plates encasing 1 in. x 1 in. cylindrical charges of PBX 9501. Penetrating events were demonstrated to result in ignition and a propagating violent deflagration at velocities as low as 1.5 m/s. Variations in tip geometry and case material were explored. The mechanism of heat localization is shown to be frictional interaction between the penetrating tip and the case material. The ballistics of the penetration was analyzed as a ductile hole enlargement failure mechanism to develop an analytical expression for the maximum work deposited during the event, thus obtaining a conservative threshold for predicting response. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, July 13, 2017 2:30PM - 2:45PM |
U3.00002: Underwater sympathetic detonation of pellet explosive Shiro Kubota, Tei Saburi, Kunihito Nagayama The underwater sympathetic detonation of pellet explosives was taken by high-speed photography. The diameter and the thickness of the pellet were 20 and 10 mm, respectively. The experimental system consists of the precise electric detonator, two grams of composition C4 booster and three pellets, and these were set in water tank. High-speed video camera, HPV-X made by Shimadzu was used with 10 Mfs. The underwater explosions of the precise electric detonator, the C4 booster and a pellet were also taken by high-speed photography to estimate the propagation processes of the underwater shock waves. Numerical simulation of the underwater sympathetic detonation of the pellet explosives was also carried out and compared with experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, July 13, 2017 2:45PM - 3:00PM |
U3.00003: Shock Wave Energy Dissipation by Metal-Organic Framework Xuan Zhou, Yurun Miao, Kiettipong Banlusan, William Shaw, Alejandro Strachan, Kenneth Suslick, Dana Dlott Metal-organic framework (MOF) such as ZIF-8 and UiO-66 show promising shock energy dissipation abilities through mechano-chemical reactions including bond breaking and pore collapse. In this work, we performed quantitative measurements on the shock wave energy attenuated by MOF films using a laser-driven flyer-plate apparatus. Aluminum flyer plates of 75-um thick were accelerated to speeds up to 2.0 km/s by a flat-top pulsed laser to impact the MOF film. The MOF layer was coated on a 200-nm thick gold mirror, which was deposited previously on glass substrate. Photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) was used to track the motions of the gold mirror, which can be converted to the energy flux and fluence of the shock wave that transmitted through the MOF layer. We deduced the shock energy that was attenuated by the MOF film by comparing the transmitted energy flux/fluence obtained with and without the presence of the MOF layer. A two-wave-shaped flux-time curve was obtained with the MOF layer because of its nanoporous structure. Studies on the shock wave energy attenuation by ZIF-8 and UiO-66 were carried out under various flyer speeds and sample thicknesses. We used in situ emission spectroscopy to verify that pore collapse was accompanied by chemical bond breakage. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, July 13, 2017 3:00PM - 3:15PM |
U3.00004: Performance and Shock Sensitivity Evaluations of Reduced Sensitivity Explosives Patrick Bowden, Bryce Tappan, Matthew Schmitt, Joseph Lichthardt, Larry Hill Making high explosives that possess insensitivity on par with TATB-based plastic bonded explosives (PBXs), while outperforming them, has proven to be a difficult challenge.~ Many molecules that have challenged TATB have fallen short in either small-scale sensitivity (impact, friction), thermal stability, or possessing a shock sensitivity that is either too high or too low.~ Recently, an alternative approach to single-molecule-based PBXs has been blending and/or co-crystallizing explosive molecules to address shortcomings of individual components.~ With this approach in mind, formulations have been prepared containing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or FOX-7) or 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) with 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO). ~Detailed characterization of these mixtures has been described in a concurrent study. ~Here we focus on in depth performance metrics such as cylinder wall expansion and CJ pressure (via free surface velocity) and shock sensitivity, by small-scale gap-testing, were investigated as a function of weight percentages of the components. ~Results~will be contrasted with known insensitive high explosives. [Preview Abstract] |
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