Bulletin of the American Physical Society
17th Biennial International Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 56, Number 6
Sunday–Friday, June 26–July 1 2011; Chicago, Illinois
Session B4: Experimental Developments I |
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Chair: Raymond Smith, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Room: Renaissance Ballroom C |
Monday, June 27, 2011 9:15AM - 9:45AM |
B4.00001: Radiography of magnetically-driven implosions of initially solid beryllium cylindrical shells for equation-of-state studies at the Z pulsed-power facility Invited Speaker: The Z accelerator delivers approximately 4-MV, 26-MA electrical pulses with adjustable current rise times of 100--600 ns, as well as adjustable pulse waveforms. The magnetic pressure produced is used for various applications, including magnetically-driven implosions. The Z-Beamlet Laser (ZBL) is a pulsed (0.3--1.5 ns), multi-kJ, TW-class Nd:glass laser system that provides x-ray radiography capabilities for Z experiments. This talk focuses primarily on the radiography diagnostic used to study the magnetically-driven implosions of initially solid cylindrical shells (also referred to as ``liners''). Specifically, we discuss the 6.151-keV monochromatic backlighting system and its use in obtaining radiographs of imploding beryllium (Be) liners. The high transmission efficiency of 6.151-keV photons in Be allowed us to obtain radiographs with finite transmission throughout the radial extent of the imploding liners. Abel inverting these data, we have obtained time-resolved measurements of the imploding liner's density as a function of both axial and radial location throughout the field of view. These data are allowing us to study magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) growth for inertial-confinement-fusion applications, as well as compression-wave propagation for equation-of-state studies (see talks by R.L. Lemke and M.R. Martin). Additionally, Z's pulse-shaping capabilities have enabled us to obtain data for both shock- and quasi-isentropically-compressed Be. Example data from MRT, shock-compression, and quasi-isentropic-compression experiments will be shown. We will also discuss planned upgrades to 25-keV radiography that will allow us to study materials with opacities beyond that of beryllium. This work was done in collaboration with R.W. Lemke, M.R. Martin, J-P Davis, M.D. Knudson, D.B. Sinars, S.A. Slutz, C.A. Jennings, M.E. Cuneo, D.G. Flicker, and M.C. Herrmann. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, June 27, 2011 9:45AM - 10:00AM |
B4.00002: Determination of pressure and density of shocklessly compressed beryllium through x-ray radiography of a magnetically driven cylindrical liner implosion R.W. Lemke, M.R. Martin, R.D. McBride, J.-P. Davis, M.D. Knudson High current, pulsed-power driven liner implosions can be used to produce extreme pressure states in condensed matter for equation of state (EOS) studies. The Z accelerator can deliver a current pulse to a cylindrical liner (tubular shell) that rises to a peak current of $\sim $20 MA in $\sim $100 ns; at peak current the magnetic pressure is $\sim $28 Mbar on the surface of a liner with radius 0.15 cm. We discuss a semi-empirical technique for obtaining EOS data for a metallic solid, quasi-isentropically (shocklessly) compressed to multi-megabar pressure, through x-ray radiography of a high current, magnetically driven, cylindrical liner implosion. Results are presented from experiments on Z in which a solid beryllium (Be) liner is quasi-isentropically compressed by magnetic pressure. Radiographs of the liner are used in conjunction with hydrodynamic equations to determine density and pressure on the principal quasi-isentrope of solid Be to a peak pressure of 2.4 Mbar. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, June 27, 2011 10:00AM - 10:15AM |
B4.00003: Determination of Pressure Response From Multi-Frame Monochromatic X-ray Backlighting Matthew Martin, Raymond Lemke, Ryan McBride, Jean Paul Davis, Marcus Knudson The shockless compression of a cylindrical liner Z-pinch is explored as a method to obtain high pressure (10's of Mbar) states while minimizing the entropy production in the target material. Experiments with beryllium liners on the Z-machine resulted in radiographic profiles at four different times in the liner's trajectory. From these results, we infer the longitudinally and azimuthally averaged material density, material pressure, and magnetic pressure along with their uncertainties. By combining these results with magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we obtain a pressure versus density response in solid beryllium up to 2.4 Mbar. Through the use of synthetic diagnostics and simulation we conclude that the pressure versus density response for material samples in the 10 Mbar range is achievable on the Z-machine with improved radiographic capability. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, June 27, 2011 10:15AM - 10:30AM |
B4.00004: Multiple-shock compression and optical/x-ray diagnostics of diamond in TPa pressure regime Norimasa Ozaki, Gianluca Gregori, Tsutomu Mashimo, Tatsuya Jitsui, Hiroyuki Uranishi, Tomoaki Kimura, Kohei Miyanishi, Takayoshi Sano, Tomokazu Sano, Youichi Sakawa, Ryosuke Kodama, Yuichi Inubushi, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Michel Koenig, Katerina Falk, Christopher Murphy, Mikako Makita, David Riley We have performed multiple-shock compression experiments for diamond to TPa pressures. Optical diagnostics observed shock coalescence in the diamond layer and well-characterized the shocked diamond conditions ($P$, $V$, $T$). Noncollective x-ray scattering measurements for the shock compressed diamond have been performed for the first time. The ionized states of carbon in HED regime is indicated from the inelastic scattering components. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, June 27, 2011 10:30AM - 10:45AM |
B4.00005: Shot H3837: Darht's First Dual-Axis Explosive Experiment Jacob Mendez, Wendy Vogan McNeil, James Harsh, Lawrence Hull Test H3837 was the first explosive shot performed in front of both flash x-ray axes at the Los Alamos Dual Axis Radiographic HydroTest (DARHT) facility. Executed in November 2009, the shot was an explosively-driven metal flyer plate in a series of experiments designed to explore equation-of-state properties of shocked materials. Imaging the initial shock wave traveling through the flyer plate, DARHT Axis II captured the range of motion from the shock front emergence in the flyer to breakout at the free surface; the Axis I pulse provided a perpendicular perspective of the shot at a time coinciding with the third pulse of Axis II. Since the days of the Manhattan Project, penetrating radiography with multiple frames from different viewing angles has remained a high-profile goal at the Laboratory. H3837 is merely the beginning of a bright future for two-axis penetrating radiography. [Preview Abstract] |
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