Bulletin of the American Physical Society
82nd Annual Meeting of the APS Southeastern Section
Volume 60, Number 18
Wednesday–Saturday, November 18–21, 2015; Mobile, Alabama
Session G3: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics III |
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Chair: Clayton Simien, University of Alabama-Birmingham Room: Riverview Plaza Hotel Mobile Bay Ballroom II |
Friday, November 20, 2015 11:00AM - 11:12AM |
G3.00001: Attosecond Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Electron Dynamics in Atoms, Molecules, and Solids Michael Chini Attosecond light pulses hold the promise for real-time measurement and control on the natural timescale of electron motion, allowing researchers to ``film'' the first steps of photo-induced chemical reactions and opening the door to laser-steered electronics at light frequencies. However, the experimental application of attosecond pulses, particularly to targets more complex than noble gas atoms, has proven challenging. In this talk, I will discuss the application of attosecond pulses using a relatively new technique -- attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (ATAS) -- to probe the dynamics of electrons subjected to a strong laser field. Specifically, I will present time-domain ATAS studies of electron-electron interactions in atoms and coupled electronic and vibrational motion in small molecules. Finally, I will describe how new ultrafast laser architectures based on parametric amplification are currently enabling the first attosecond studies in condensed matter systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, November 20, 2015 11:12AM - 11:24AM |
G3.00002: Continuous-Variable Quantum Cluster-State Generation Using a Tapered Amplifier Andy Black, Miller Eaton, Raphael Pooser, Ben Lawrie Quantum computing promises to offer a more efficient means of solving classically taxing problems. Continuous-variable one-way quantum computing (QC) using cluster-states has the advantage of scalability over discrete-variable QC. Tapered amplifiers offer a relatively inexpensive and compact means to amplify an input seed light source at the expense of phase noise, which could contaminate the entanglement needed for one way QC. Using a tapered amplifier as a pump and probe source, we confirmed that the generation of entangled twin beams from four-wave mixing in a $^{\mathrm{85}}$Rb vapor cell is possible, first by measuring 4.0 $+$/- 0.1 dB of intensity difference squeezing followed by amplitude-difference (AD) and phase-sum (PS) quadrature squeezing. To generate the entangled state we use one $^{\mathrm{85}}$Rb vapor cell to create signal and local oscillator beams for homodyne detection. We observed phase sensitive noise in the AD and PS quadratures using vacuum signal input. Further, we observed approximately 2.0 $+$/- 0.1 dBm of squeezing in the PS and AD quadratures, leading to an inseparability value of I $=$ 1.47 $+$/- 0.02. Values of I \textless 2 indicate entangled states. Such a system could provide a compact, scalable resource state for one-way QC. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, November 20, 2015 11:24AM - 11:36AM |
G3.00003: Progress Report on Quantum Defect of Rb-87 in Ultracold Conditions Lindsay Hutcherson, Justin Sanders, Jianing Han New research techniques using a magneto-optical trap (MOT) have led to a fresh perspective in which to explore repulsive Van der Waals forces, as well as to create ultracold atoms that are not commonly available. In order to understand these repulsive forces, we must utilize excited atoms that have reached their Rydberg states, which means we must also pay careful attention to and calculate the quantum defect measurements involved in these Rydberg atoms. These quantum defects have been calculated based on older equations and the data will be used in experimentation. With the use of a 780 nm laser, we can create inelastic collisions with these atoms in order to reduce momentum and cool the atoms. The excited atom involved in each collision will soon emit any absorbed photons from the laser in spontaneous and random directions, which gradually slows the atom. This particular technique is known as laser cooling. We are currently in the preliminary stages of this experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, November 20, 2015 11:36AM - 11:48AM |
G3.00004: Anomalous structure in photodetachment to excited states of the O atom John Yukich, Colin Tyznik The electron affinity is defined as the difference in energy between the ground state of a negative ion and the ground state of the corresponding neutral atom. The $^{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{3/2}}\to $ $^{\mathrm{3}}$P$_{\mathrm{2}}$ photodetachment threshold (at the electron affinity) for ions such as S$^{\mathrm{-}}$ and O$^{\mathrm{-}}$ has been examined in numerous experiments. In many of these experiments, structure due to Zeeman and cyclotron transitions has been resolved. Our most recent experiment explores transitions to the first two excited states of the O neutral, $^{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{1/2\thinspace }}\to $ $^{\mathrm{3}}$P$_{\mathrm{0}}$ and $^{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{1/2\thinspace }}\to \quad^{\mathrm{3}}$P$_{\mathrm{1}}$, in an attempt to detect similar Zeeman and cyclotron structure. The apparatus in the experiment includes a Penning ion trap which creates, traps and stores the O- ions, and a single-mode, tunable, amplified diode laser. Our observations indicate possible structure that differs in appearance from that of spectroscopy conducted at the electron affinity, and which demands significant further investigation. [Preview Abstract] |
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