Bulletin of the American Physical Society
20th Annual Meeting of the APS Northwest Section
Volume 64, Number 9
Thursday–Saturday, May 16–18, 2019; Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington
Session G3: Biological Physics |
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Chair: Matthew Ferguson, Boise State University Room: Communications Facility 105 |
Saturday, May 18, 2019 1:30PM - 2:00PM |
G3.00001: Cellular Noise and Metabolism Invited Speaker: Andreas Vasdekis No two individual cells ``look'' the same, even if they share the same genes and grow under identical conditions. This unexpected phenomenon, generally termed cellular noise, emerges in part from the stochastic nature of molecular-level interactions within individual cells, predominantly during protein production. As such, a form of heterogeneity in the amount and types of proteins between cells arises. In this talk, I will introduce the phenomenon of cellular noise and discuss its physical origins, as well as the bioimaging and microfluidic methods [1] that we employ to investigate it. I will then proceed with our recent findings in the context of how cellular noise in protein content translates into noise during cellular function and specifically metabolism. Our focus here will be on cellular growth, lipid accumulation, as well as the underlying metabolic trade-offs and competition between these two metabolic objectives [2-4]. [1] Metabolic Engineering 27, 115-135 (2015). [2] Scientific Reports 5, 17689 (2015). [3] PLOS ONE 12, e0168889 (2017). [4] Nature Communications 10, 848 (2019). [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, May 18, 2019 2:00PM - 2:30PM |
G3.00002: Revisiting The Mechanical Feedback Between Tumors And Their Microenvironment Invited Speaker: Bo Sun The mechanical interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment as key regulators in tumor progression has been an emergent field of research. However, we find many observations that derived from 2D systems do not translate to 3D space and multicellular systems. In this talk, I will discuss recent biophysics progresses in understanding the reciprocal and mechanical interactions between cells an extracellular matrix. We will also show that these insights allow us to construct a new model for collective cancer invasions. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, May 18, 2019 2:30PM - 2:42PM |
G3.00003: Live or dead? Eliciting the stochastic nature of antibiotic survival Shahla Nemati, Andreas. E Vasdekis Isogenic bacterial populations show significant phenotypic heterogeneity between individual cells. Phenotypic diversity, such as differences in growth rates and division lifetimes that vary widely between cells under identical conditions, can be responsible for genetically independent mechanisms of antibiotic survival. In our work, we focus on single cell observations of Escherichia coli bacteria during both pre and post exposure to Ampicillin, a cell-wall synthesis inhibitor. To accomplish this and characterize the single cell growth and survival under antibiotic treatment, we used time-lapse microscopy in microfluidics. We undertook two distinct methods of microfluidic integration. First, we used gel membranes to enable cellular growth into a 2D monolayer. In the second method, we employed gel membranes to constrain cells to grow along 1D microchannels. We will compare these two methods and present our results within the context of experimental throughput and image processing, as well as single-cell antibiotic survival. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, May 18, 2019 2:42PM - 3:12PM |
G3.00004: Quantifying Gene Expression and Regulation in Living Cells by Fluorescence Fluctuation Imaging Invited Speaker: Matt Ferguson Mechanisms of transcription and translation take the information encoded in the genome and make it "work" in cells, through the production of proteins defined by nucleic acid coding regions. This involves the coordination of many multi-subunit complexes about which most knowledge is inferred from ensemble and/or in vitro assays, giving a detailed but static picture. How these macromolecular machines coordinate in living cells remains unknown but recent advances in the application of fluctuation analysis to time resolved multi-color fluorescence imaging can now give an unprecedented level of dynamic in vivo information. My talk will describe recent results on a study of RNA transcription and splicing in human cancer cell lines. By two color, in vivo, RNA fluorescent labeling, we visualize the rise and fall of the intron and exon during transcription of a single gene in human cells. By cross- correlation analysis, we determine the speed of transcription, co- transcriptional splicing and termination of the RNA transcript discerning correlation between elongation, splicing, cleavage and their relation to the chromatin environment. [Preview Abstract] |
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