Bulletin of the American Physical Society
National Mentoring Community (NMC) Conference
Friday–Sunday, October 9–11, 2015; Miami
Session UGP: Undergraduate Poster Session |
Hide Abstracts |
Room: Bldg: PG6 100W1 Hallway |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00001: Construction of a Progressive Lens with an aspheric carrier using a Freeform Lens generator Mario Carcamo Progressive lenses are a very commonly used multifocal lens in which the lens power transitions between two values while keeping the transition area on the surface smooth. The final surface design of a progressive lens is typically solved for using numerical methods. An aspheric lens is another type of lens that aims to make a slimmer design than their perfectly spherical counterpart and usually used to make high powered lenses. I present an algorithm in which you can take an existing progressive surface and add to it an aspheric treatment to make a progressive that is slimmer than its non-aspheric counterpart while still achieving high quality optics. The software that was made that employs the algorithm was designed to produce a surface to be made by a Freeform lens generator. The quality of the optics was determined by its deviation from its spherical counterpart ensuring no more than a 0.12 diopter difference inside a given optical zone. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00002: AN ANALYSIS OF THE REVISED $\zeta $ INDEX IN RELATION TO THE METAL CONTENT OF M DWARF STARS Brianna Galgano, Caitlin Dorman, Eve Rodgers, Barbara Rojas-Ayala In 2007 LeƬpine et al. created a proxy for the metallicity of M dwarfs known as the $\zeta $ (zeta) index. It was redefined in 2011 by Dhital et al., in hopes of increasing accuracy. We set out to find the locations of high $\zeta $ value M dwarfs in the Milky Way Galaxy using the redefined index from Dhital et al. (2011) and observed 1962 high signal to noise stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. However, we discovered flaws in the revised $\zeta $ index. We were unable to find the locations of "metal-rich" M dwarfs because the revised $\zeta $ index is not an accurate measure of metallicity. As the spectral type of a given M dwarf increases, so does the calculated $\zeta $ value for that star. The dependence on spectral type suggests that the revised $\zeta $ index is incorrect because spectral type should not have a direct correlation to metallicity. The Dhital et al. (2011) $\zeta $ index also places exceedingly metal rich stars in the halo of the galaxy, and more metal poor stars in the disk, which denied expectations based on previous research. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00003: Advanced Nano-Photonics for Chemical and Biological Detoxification in Potable Water. Arthur Malanga, Dieff Vital, Eric Vickers, Melba Horton, Robert Duthie, Sesha Srinivasan In this research project, we have studied the feasibility of utilizing the Synergistic Isogeneous Active Decontamination nano-photonic technology for the remediation of toxic micro-organisms and chemicals (e.g. Phenol) in the processed water. Micro-organism Reduction is a new method using specified wavelengths from a single or combined sources that are not solely dependent on breaking the DNA chain within the cell. Micro-organism Reduction which utilizes ultraviolet wavelengths other than the traditional germicidal 253.7 nm. (UV-C). Riboflavin (B2) occupies all cells including harmful micro-organisms. Riboflavin will absorb light at 220.0-225.0 nm, 266.0 nm, 371.0 nm, 444.0 nm, and 475.0 nm. The nano-photonics produced by Riboflavin absorption at these wave lengths produce free radicals in the electron transport which cannot replicate. The free radicals formed from the nano-photonic activity disrupts cellular metabolic activity, structure and protein functions resulting in cell termination. Nano-photonic micro-organism reduction or photo-oxidation of toxic chemical such as Phenol could be processed via solar PV which is an efficient and alternative energy system. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00004: Band structure and device fabrication using thin-films of p-benzoquinonemonoimine zwitterion/P3HT blends Stephanie Rodriguez Marmol, Gerson Diaz, Freddy Wong, Grace Fontanez, Fernand Torres, Eduardo Vega, Lucie Routaboul, Pierre Braunstien, Yang Liu, Xin Zhang, Peter Dowben, Bernard Doudin, Luis G. Rosa The electronic structure of some p-benzoquinonemonoimine zwitterion molecular films have a definite, although small, density of states evident at the Fermi- level as well as a nonzero inner potential and thus is very different from a true insulator. Photoelectron emission spectroscopy studies of polymer blends of three types of p-benzoquinonemonoimine zwitterion and regio-regular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin-films provide evidence of changes in the molecular band structure due to interaction of such bands. Electric drain-source measurements done with these polymer blends show evidence of higher transport currents in comparison to P3HT polymer thin-films alone for one of the blends. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00005: Comparison of LiF and NiO crystallographic structure using XRD Jaime Moya, Nuwanjula S. Samarasingha, Stefan Zollner \newline Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), the crystallographic structures of LiF and NiO powders and single crystals were compared. ~Two types of scans were taken: $\omega $-2$\theta $ scans were taken for both the powders and single crystals, and $\omega $ (rocking curve) scans were taken for the single crystals. ~~LiF is of the face-centered cubic rock salt structure, whereas NiO contracts along the [111] direction producing a trigonal (hexagonal) crystal structure. ~Therefore, the cubic (222) peak splits in bulk NiO into hexagonal (006) and (202) peaks. ~From the $\omega $-2$\theta $ NiO powder scans, no splitting of the c(222) peak is observed because the NiO is a nano-powder, preferring high symmetry orientations. ~The $\omega $-2$\theta $ peaks are broader in NiO powder because the grain size is smaller in the NiO than in LiF powders. ~The rocking curve scans of the c(222) peaks show that the single crystals have multiple domains. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00006: Theoretical Non-ideal Extensions and Mass Influx Correction to a One-dimensional Model of Magnetohydrodynamic Coronal Hole Heating Daniel Pacheco, Oriel Rodriguez, Roger Boza, Jose Orta Our previous numerical simulations have revealed that magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shock waves are a viable mechanism for solar coronal heating. From these studies we established that large-amplitude perturbations of the background magnetic field generated sharp gradients of temperature. We are extending the current model to assess the potential heating effects of plasma viscosity at those gradients. MHD momentum and energy equations were extended to include the contribution of viscosity. Some simulations show a mass evacuation by the bottom boundary of the computational region. This cavitation effect is thought to be an artifact of the current implementation of the boundary conditions and the siphoning effects that mhd waves produce. We are extending the model to allow mass influx at the bottom boundary. Extrapolations of various degrees are being considered. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00007: Visible Light Photocatalysis via TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$-Xwt{\%} InVO$_{\mathrm{4}}$ nanocomposites. Eric Vickers, Arthur Malanga, Dieff Vital, Sesha Srinivasan We have successfully developed visible light activated photocatalytic nanocomposites by varying the concentrations of low band gap semiconductor oxide InVO$_{\mathrm{4}}$ with high band gap TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$. Extensive microstructural and surface area characterizations have been carried out using SEM and BET to explore the surface morphology and pore size distribution of these nanocomposites. The new materials' selection TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$-Xwt.{\%}InVO$_{\mathrm{4}}$ (X $=$ 4) has shown enhancement in photocatalytic degradation (by at least 50{\%}) of Methyl Orange (MO), an azo dye decontamination in DI H$_{\mathrm{2}}$O$_{\mathrm{\thinspace }}$under visible light irradiation only. The visible light photocatalytic degradation performance of either plain TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ or plain InVO$_{\mathrm{4}}$ seems inert under the same operating conditions used for the aforementioned nanocomposites. Structural, microstructural and chemical analysis have been carried via the characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00008: Water Remediation via TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ photocatalytic Nanoparticle under Solar Simulated Radiation Dieff Vital, Arthur Malanga, Eric Vickers, Sesha Srinivasan In this research project, we have successfully developed the TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ nanoparticles dispersed-processed water solutions irradiated with UV-Visible light to create reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the \textit{decontamination of azo- dyes}. TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ nanocomposite photocatalysts have shown potential promise in disinfection of both bacterial and organic contaminants in water. We have successfully demonstrated the degradation of \textit{azo- dyes }such as Methyl Orange, and Methylene Blue by using UV-Vis light source. The process of photo-oxidation of MO and MB in presence of TiO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ photocatalyst thus produce hydroxyl free radicals and superoxides, for the complete destruction of toxic organics in the processed water. The characterization such as Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy have been employed to characterize the aqueous water solution before and after photocatalytic treatment to understand the physic-chemical behavior. A bench scale photocatalytic reactor has been fabricated for the water decontamination experiments using our 3D printing and laser cutter technologies. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 10, 2015 3:45PM - 5:00PM |
UGP.00009: A Solution for the Open Abelian Sandpile Problem of Distributing k Items in N Vertices, where k = N Michael Waddell, Edmundo Barriga This paper outlines a closed solution to an open problem in Graph Theory concerning the classification of the successful initial distributions of k items in N vertices, where $\color{blue}k = N$, that lead to the terminal set $\color{blue} N_k = \{ n_i\} $, where $\color{blue}n_i=1$ and $\color{blue}i=1,2,3,...,k$. First, each successful initial distribution is enumerated using an algorithm. The closed solution classifies the terminal set in terms of its modulus, and proves that each successful initial distribution can be classified by the same modulus. [Preview Abstract] |
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