Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2006 Joint Spring Meeting of the New England Section of APS and AAPT
Friday–Saturday, March 31–April 1 2006; Boston, Massachusetts
Session B: General Physics I |
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Sponsoring Units: NES Chair: Larry Gould, University of Hartford Room: Photonics Building 203 |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 8:00AM - 8:15AM |
B.00001: Dark Matter Scattering of Type Ia Supernovae Radiation David W. Kraft Although more than 75 years have passed since the existence of dark matter was inferred to account for observed motions of stars and galaxies, there is still no firm understanding of its composition or structure. It is proposed here that, in a critical density Universe, a portion of the dark matter consists of baryonic matter in the form of an ionized intergalactic hydrogen plasma. An estimate of the density of this baryonic dark matter is obtained from the atomic abundance of hydrogen and from the observed matter density as inferred from its gravitational effect on visible matter. We apply our hypothesis to study the effect of Thomson scattering by the free electrons in the plasma on the dimming reported for Type Ia supernovae and find that these observations can be accounted for without recourse to cosmic acceleration or jerk. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 8:15AM - 8:30AM |
B.00002: Conversion of Energy into Mass Kurt Lehovec The work done by a constant force accelerating a mass is the Einstein energy of its velocity-induced mass increment. E=[m(v) – m(o)] c2 [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 8:30AM - 8:45AM |
B.00003: Dark Matter and Dark Energy Explained Sol Aisenberg The standard model of the universe has many mysteries and defects requiring the use of large fudge factors such as Dark Matter and Dark Energy. We will show that Dark Matter is needed when we try to extend Newton's law of gravity (based upon observations in our solar system) to galactic distances. Dark Matter was introduced to explain the observed flat velocity rotation curves of the outer parts of spiral galaxies, as observed by Vera. Rubin. Much earlier, the (under appreciated) Fritz Zwicky introduced the need for large amounts of missing invisible matter to explain the surprising observed motion of groups of remote galaxies. In our hypothesis, the modification of Newton's laws by the addition of a linear term to the gravitational constant that increases with distance will eliminate the need for dark matter. Our hypothesis is different from the MOND theory of Milgrom, which depends upon acceleration. The Red shift observations by Hubble as a function of distance, and interpreted as ``apparent Doppler effect'' led to the unproven belief that the universe is expanding, and thus to the Big Bang. In turn the apparent acceleration of the expansion required the introduction of Dark Energy. Actually there are three additional components of the red shift that are solely due to gravity and distance and can be larger than the Doppler contribution. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 8:45AM - 9:00AM |
B.00004: Spacetime as Canvas in Soho: Physicists' Interpretation of Art Work by Tehching Hsieh Andrew Chen In this somewhat unconventional presentation, the provocative works of artist Tehching Hsieh, ``performed'' more than 20 years ago in New York City, are analyzed in the language of physics by an MIT physicist. Physical presence took on the role of paintbrushes; 4-dimensional spacetime served as the canvas. Work samples for the following pieces will be demonstrated: ``Cage'', ``Time'', ``Outdoor'' , ``Art/Life'', and ``Life.'' The audience will participate in reconstructing these paintings (READ: world lines) and appreciate the tremendous effort, and if appropriate -- significance, of this unfunded and underappreciated experiment in physics and in art. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 9:00AM - 9:15AM |
B.00005: The Stand-Up Physicist: A New Way to New Physics Douglas Sw To communicate a physics theory requires teaching: small doses of storytelling that are technically and emotionally compelling. Starting from a Lagrange density, there are hours of partial differential equations to get to experimental tests of my unification of gravity and light proposal. 26 half hour shows are planned for community access TV and web downloads. One third of the shows will be non-technical. All shows will contain a comedy sketch. 13 shows were broadcast on Boston Neighborhood Network last Fall. One show, Why Quantum Mechanics is Weird, won a Best of Festival award in education category of the 2005 Berkeley Video and Film Festival. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 9:15AM - 9:30AM |
B.00006: Harmonizing Physics {\&} Cosmology With Everything Else in the Universe(s) Pal Asija This paper postulates a theory of everything including our known finite physical universe within and as sub-set of an infinite virtual invisible universe occupying some of the same space and time. It attempts to harmonize astrophysics with everything else including life. It compares and contrasts properties, similarities, differences and relationships between the two universe(s). A particular attention is paid to the interface between the two and the challenges of building and/or traversing bridges between them. A number of inflection points between the two are identified. The paper also delineates their relationship to big bang, theory of evolution, gravity, dark matter, black holes, time travel, speed of light, theory of relativity and string theory just to name a few. Several new terms are introduced and defined to discuss proper relationship, transition and interface between the body, soul and spirit as well as their relationship to brain and mind. Physical bodies {\&} beings are compared with virtual, meta and ultra bodies and beings and how the ``Virtual Inside'' relates to people, pets, plants and particles and their micro constituents as well as macro sets. The past, present, and potential of the concurrent universe(s) is compared and contrasted along with many myths and misconceptions of the meta physics as well as modern physics. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
B.00007: Noumen Mechanics: a Program Edouard Rocher Noumen Mechanics (NM): geometric synthesis between Relativistic Mechanics (RM) and Quantum Mechanics (QM) based on a more fundamental approach to RM. Events (1905) are geometric points in Minkowski space-time M$^{4}$, noumens (1972) in C$^{4}$, M$^{4}$ complex extension. A noumen is a chiral entity containing more information than an event, thus suggesting doing physics in C$^{4}$ instead of M$^{4}$. Three main principles: \textit{Representation duality:} M$^{4}$= C$^{4\ast }$xC$^{4}$ since Sl(2;C) acts on C$^{4}$ and is the fundamental representation of the Lorentz group. \textit{Homogeneous hypercomplex space:} C$^{4}$ and M$^{4}$ are quotient spaces of homogeneous spaces CC$^{4}$ and MM$^{4}$. A geometric point is represented by a homogeneous class; the coefficients of homogeneity $\lambda $ is its electroweak charge in CC$^{4}$, and $\mu =\vert \lambda \vert ^{2}$ its mass in MM$^{4}$. \textit{Analytic function of physical points:} Physical points are bounded sets of geometric points, noumens in C$^{4}$, events in M$^{4}$, with the resulting electroweak charge and mass. \textit{Phase 1}: gain a deeper understanding of the mathematical sources of QM and RM. Two main NM results: bound electrons do not radiate; C$^{4}$/M$^{4}$ is the solution to physics hierarchy problem. \textit{Phase 2}: apply new concepts to nuclear physics, following Pauli's interpretation (1936) of Fermi's weak-interaction constant (1934). [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 1, 2006 9:45AM - 10:00AM |
B.00008: Surface Brightness Test and Plasma Redshift Ari Brynjolfsson The plasma redshift of photons in a hot sparse plasma follows from basic axioms of physics. It has no adjustable parameters (arXiv:astro-ph/0406437). Both the distance-redshift relation and the magnitude-redshift relation for supernovae and galaxies are well-defined functions of the average electron densities in intergalactic space. We have previously shown that the predictions of the magnitude-redshift relation in plasma- redshift cosmology match well the observed relations for the type Ia supernovae (SNe). No adjustable parameters such as the time variable ``dark energy'' and ``dark matter'' are needed. We have also shown that plasma redshift cosmology predicts well the intensity and black body spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Plasma redshift explains also the spectrum below and above the 2.73 K black body CMB, and the X-ray background. In the following, we will show that the good observations and analyses of the relation between surface brightness and redshift for galaxies, as determined by Allan Sandage and Lori M. Lubin in 2001, are well predicted by the plasma redshift. All these relations are inconsistent with cosmic time dilation and the contemporary big-bang cosmology. [Preview Abstract] |
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