Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2005 Joint New England Sections of APS and AAPT Spring Meeting
Friday–Saturday, April 1–2, 2005; Cambridge, MA
Session R: Relativity |
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Chair: Tony French, MIT Room: Room 4-231 |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 8:00AM - 8:15AM |
R.00001: Abstract Withdrawn
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Saturday, April 2, 2005 8:15AM - 8:30AM |
R.00002: Spiral Galaxies from a ``Dark Matter'' Solution of Einstein's Equations Harry Ringermacher, Lawrence Mead We will describe how the structure of all the Hubble classes of spiral galaxies, comprising 75 percent of all observed galaxies, derives from a new geometry related to Big-Bang cosmology. The geometry is an exact 5-D solution of Einstein's equations that induces Dark Matter in a 4-D Poincare`-Schwarzschild ``bubble'' metric. The most visible effect of Dark Matter is the control of structure in the universe. The theory explains unique galactic features including polar rings around galaxies, ``integral'' and ``banana'' warped polar rings, ``reverse rotating'' galaxies, warped galaxies and the scaling of galactic evolution. The presentation will focus on solutions for the structures fitted to observed galaxies. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 8:30AM - 8:45AM |
R.00003: Quantum Stabilization of the Collapse of a Stellar Black Hole Mark P. Silverman In contrast to prevailing models based on classical general relativity theory, in which a degenerate star, having exhausted its nuclear fuel, will, if sufficiently massive, unavoidably collapse to a singularity in space (unless the contraction is prevented by hitherto unrealized processes of quantum gravity acting at the scale of the Planck length), I present a heuristic argument, based on known quantum processes, for the existence of stable equilibrium states of neutron stars and quark stars with macroscopic radii and masses unconstrained by the Chandrasekhar and Oppenheimer-Volkoff limits. The processes [1] that stabilize the star against gravitational contraction involve strong magnetic coupling of the constituent fermions and fermionic pair production at the expense of gravitational potential energy. \newline \newline [1] M. P. Silverman, ``Quantum Stabilization of a Relativistic Degenerate Star Beyond the Chandrasekhar Mass Limit,'' International Journal of Modern Physics D 13 (2004) 2281. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 8:45AM - 9:00AM |
R.00004: Expanding Gravity Sol Aisenberg Newton's gravitational constant Gn and Laws of Gravity are based upon observations in our solar system. Mysteries appear when they are used far outside our solar system Apparently, Newton's gravitational constant can not be applied at large distances. Dark matter was needed to explain the observed flat rotational velocity curves of spiral galaxies (Rubin), and of groups of remote galaxies (Zwicky). Our expansion of Newton's gravitational constant Gn as a power series in distance r, is sufficient to explain these observations without using dark matter. This is different from the MOND theory of Milgrom involving acceleration. Also, our Expanded Gravitational Constant (EGC) can show the correct use of the red shift. In addition to the Doppler contribution, there are three other contributions and these depend only upon gravity. Thus, velocity observations only based on the red shift can not be used to support the concept of the expanding universe, the accelerating expansion, or dark energy. Our expanded gravity constant can predict and explain Olbers' paradox (dark sky), and the temperature of the CMB (cosmic microwave background). Thus, CMB may not support the big bang and inflation. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 9:00AM - 9:15AM |
R.00005: The Fourth Dimension and Expansion John M. Kulick A flatland universe can be visualized as moving in a vertical dimension that is ``unobservable.'' The following hypothetical geometric model adds a fourth ``unseen'' dimension to spacetime that conforms to a specific geometric inter-dimensional relationship with our ``observable'' spacetime that is uniformly expanding and in motion. Physical properties such as ``intrinsic energy'' for a rest mass and inertia become kinematically described. A controversial alternative explanation for a cosmological red shift becomes possible while still preserving the accepted physics by which the wavelength of a photon increases while traveling through an expanding spacetime field. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 9:15AM - 9:30AM |
R.00006: Plasma Redshift versus Big Bang Ari Brynjolfsson The newly discovered plasma redshift of photons penetrating hot plasmas gives a simpler, more accurate explanation of many cosmological phenomena than the Big-Bang cosmology. The plasma redshift of photons occurs only in hot low-density plasma. The corresponding energy loss of photons is converted into heat. This heating is responsible for the sharp temperature rise in the transition zone to the solar corona. The plasma-redshift heating is responsible for the million degree corona around stars and galaxies, and for the about 3 million degree temperature of the hot intergalactic plasma with electron densities of about $0.00023 (H_0/70)~{\rm{cm}}^{-3}.~$ This plasma is responsible for the CMB radiation, which is created primarily by the hot electrons, and not by the grains or the whiskers as sometimes suggested. The plasma redshift gives a beautiful explanation of the Hubble’s redshift-magnitude relations as observed by the supernovae researchers. The evidences confirming the plasma redshift will be given [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 2, 2005 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
R.00007: Realizing Einstein's Dreams: Unifying Gravity and Light, and Why Quantum Mechanics is Weird Douglas Sweetser Einstein dreamed of unifying gravity and light. If Nature is logically consistent, then the equation that governs how two electrical charges with opposite signs attract must apply to two positive mass charges attracting. Einstein wondered why quantum mechanics had to be the way it is. The riddle is resolve by a merger: calculus applied to events in 4D spacetime using quaternions. The double limit definition of a quaternion derivative splits into two. In one ordering of limits, a directional derivative along the real axis results. This maintains classical time-ordered causality. In the other ordering, only a normed derivative can be defined. The sum over all possible histories contribute to make up a normed derivative. [Preview Abstract] |
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