Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Fall 2014 Meeting of the APS New England Section
Volume 59, Number 17
Friday–Saturday, November 7–8, 2014; Boston, Massachusetts
Session E1: Extremely Large Scale Physics |
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Chair: James O'Brien, WIT Room: 001 |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 8:30AM - 8:42AM |
E1.00001: The Great Circle Test of Large Scale Alignment Richard Shurtleff Vectors shoot out tangent to the Celestial sphere from many astronomical objects, polarization directions, jets and other structures. It is natural to ask if the vectors of a sample of such sources are aligned, trending toward or away from some common patch of sky. Directly comparing objects over large scales invites the subtle mathematical problem of parallel transport - how do we know which directions are the same at different locations on the curved sky? By indirect comparison, employing an intermediary point and comparing a vector with that point on the sky, such problems can be avoided. In the Great Circle Test of alignment, all vectors in a sample are compared to the same point on the sky, not to each other. Points of the sky favored by the vectors and points in disfavor can be deduced by mapping all points on the sky to the sample. The significance of the level of alignment for any sample can be found by considering random-directed samples. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 8:42AM - 8:54AM |
E1.00002: Holographic Theory of Formation and Constraint Paul OBrien This theory uses three original equations by the author to define the initial conditions of our universe and how it started. These three equations directly calculate the rest mass, size, temperature, entropy and form of our universe from the known constants for speed of light, gravitational constant, plank mass, plank length, and black hole temperatures using a Hawking radiation calculator. There is no singularity in this model. It uses two holographic surfaces. One for the initial condition, and one for the final condition when the expansion of our universe reaches it black hole radius. This theory confirms the holographic principal and shows our universe is a harmonic oscillator with the net amount of energy equal to zero. It also relates mass and temperature with plank area entropy. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 8:54AM - 9:06AM |
E1.00003: 11 Major Problems in Physics Douglas Sweetser A list of major problems in physics will be reviewed. The eleven issues are: weak gravity, old gravity, big gravity, small gravity, small physics, fast physics, small and fast physics, the 4 fundamental forces, unified physics, the arrow of space-time, and visualizing physics. In the 1940s, Schr\"odinger suggested that the key to genetics had to involve a boring, repetitive system. A new path to such a wide variety of problems in physics must be far more boring and repetitive. Tensors have been the accounting system of choice for all equations in physics. We may need a new accounting system for changes in space-time that has the properties we know exist in fundamental physics baked in as part of its structure. The quaternion group $Q_8$ might provide the correct place to start. Tensors in 4D spacetime are done on a manifold with 4 independent real number lines (picture 4 lines with 4 zeroes). The group $Q_8$ has a different topology, a star that shares the same zero. Working without the real number line is scary, but the long-running problems in physics may justify the shift in accounting systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 9:06AM - 9:18AM |
E1.00004: Dark Matter and Grand Unification in an Extension of the Standard Model Nicholas Charles The Standard Model predicts that the strong, weak, and electromagnetic gauge couplings nearly unify around $10^{15}$ GeV. Meanwhile, galaxy rotation curves and other estimates of the universe's dark matter relic density provide strong evidence of unidentified dark matter. This project investigates additions to the Standard Model which provide a particle source for dark matter, unify the gauge couplings, and fit into a representation of a Grand Unification group. We consider solutions with a real or complex scalar dark matter field of minimal multiplicity and multiple complex color-carrying fields. Experiment and Standard Model symmetries impose restrictions on which particles we can add. In addition, to minimize proton decay, we set a lower bound on the Grand Unification Theory (GUT) scale of $10^{16}$ GeV. In our search, we define an ``interesting'' solution as having either a minimal particle content or a high likelihood of fitting into a simple representation of a GUT group. Using Mathematica, we found ``interesting'' solutions which achieve Grand Unification to within 4\%. We then investigated solutions for which the new colored particles fit into a single SU(5) representation of dimension at most 210. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 9:18AM - 9:30AM |
E1.00005: Semiclassical Series Solution to the Schroedinger equation in a 2D universe Joseph Fancher I will begin by talking about the classical Hamiltonian for a model 2-d universe, which I promoted to a quantum Hamiltonian with a specific ordering for the quantum momentum term. This led me to set up the time-independent Schroedinger equation and obtain a semiclassical series solution. I will discuss my solution for the semiclassical state and higher-order quantum corrections. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 9:30AM - 9:42AM |
E1.00006: Semiclassical series expansion for wavefunctions in Schroedinger quantum field theories Rachel Maitra In this talk, I will describe a semiclassical expansion for quantum wavefunctions in which the leading order semiclassical state is a decaying exponential, and higher-order quantum corrections are given by a recursive sequence of linear differential equations. This expansion technique has broad applicability not only to Schroedinger quantizations of finite-dimensional mechanics problems, but to canonical (Schroedinger) quantum field theories. I will discuss a range of examples from anharmonic oscillators to scalar field theory and Yang-Mills theory, as well as possible extensions to canonical quantum gravity. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 9:42AM - 9:54AM |
E1.00007: Solutions to Schr\"odinger's equation for varied factor ordering of the Hamiltonian for 2-D gravity Justin Rivera First I will talk about the quantization of a Hamiltonian for 2-D gravity allowing for a two-parameter family of factor orderings. Then the rewriting and solving of the corresponding Schr\"odinger equation through transformation into a hypergeometric equation will be discussed. Lastly the asymptotic behavior of the solutions describing the wave functions will be considered. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, November 8, 2014 9:54AM - 10:06AM |
E1.00008: Classical-Quantum correspondence in a 2d universe with and without a scalar field Dhruv Patel In this talk I will briefly describe what 2d quantum gravity is and what makes it interesting. I will then show a reasonable correspondence between classical and quantum probability distributions for the circumference of the model 2d universe described by a Lagrangian with just a gravitational part. Then I will go on to how I introduced a homogeneous scalar field in the universe and its role as an internal clock. I then utilized this internal clock to analyze the different possible evolutions of the model 2d universe. [Preview Abstract] |
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