Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Mid-Atlantic Section Fall Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 20
Friday–Sunday, December 4–6, 2020; Virtual
Session J03: Bio-Sensing I |
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Chair: Silvana Andreescu, Clarkson University |
Sunday, December 6, 2020 9:00AM - 9:36AM |
J03.00001: Remote Sensors Incorporating Nanomaterials with Enzyme-Mimetic Properties. Invited Speaker: Silvana Andreescu The need for field portable devices that could respond to the today's requirements for low cost and rapid detection with on-site measurement capabilities is growing. This presentation will discuss development, characterization and deployment of reagentless sensors~that utilize nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties and their use as analytical probes for bioanalysis. A unique feature of these devices is the built-in detection mechanism with all the sensing components needed for analysis affixed within the sensing platform. The sensors have been fabricated using automatic 2D and 3D printing procedures, and have been interfaced with user-friendly signal transduction methods. Work focusing on the development of nanoparticle-based tests for point-of-care diagnosis, wearable technology for personal monitoring of disease biomarkers and low-cost sensors for measuring exposure to environmental pollutants will be discussed, with examples of applications. These sensors are easy-to-use, robust and cost effective and do not require labeled reagents, secondary enzymes or soluble dyes. The designed method, utilizing enzyme-like inorganic nanostructures, as a replacement to natural enzymes can eliminate multistep procedures and minimize problems associated with the poor stability of substrates and enzyme labels of conventional assays. Challenges and opportunities for real sample analysis, including matrix effect, sample preparation (or integration with sampling units) and data analysis will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, December 6, 2020 9:36AM - 10:12AM |
J03.00002: Automated Analysis of Microbial Pathogens using Smart Biosensing with Machine Learning. Invited Speaker: Omowunmi Sadik Translational technologies are advances that transform life, business, and the global economy. The current gold standard for detecting microbial pathogens in foods and agricultural samples is time-consuming, do not provide fast information about food contaminations, and thus unable to provide timely protection against consumer microbial hazards. This presentation provides an overview of sensor technologies with a focus on the design and implementation of an Autonomous Microbial Cell Culture and Classification (AMC$^{\mathrm{3}})$ system for the rapid detection of food pathogens. AMC$^{\mathrm{3\thinspace }}$introduces a ``one-click approach'' to the detection and classification of pathogenic bacteria. Once the cultured materials are prepared, all operations are automatic. AMC$^{\mathrm{3\thinspace }}$is an integrated sensor array platform in a microbial fuel cell system composed of a multi-potentiostat, an automated data collection, and a powerful classification program. The classification scheme consists of Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) oracle-based system. AMC$^{\mathrm{3\thinspace \thinspace }}$uses preset feature extractions and quality control to analyze data with the intelligent classification system. This sensor could revolutionize food processing and the diagnostic process. It will directly benefit society by providing a new diagnostics category similar to the glucose monitor. It may empower users to take control of the safety of the food they consume. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, December 6, 2020 10:12AM - 10:48AM |
J03.00003: Fast and Sensitive Detection of Oligosaccharides Using Desalting Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry (DPS-MS) Invited Speaker: Hao Chen Conventional mass spectrometry (MS)-based analytical methods for small carbohydrate fragments (oligosaccharides, degree of polymerization 2$-$12) are time-consuming due to the need for an offline sample pretreatment such as desalting. Herein, we report a new paper spray ionization method, named desalting paper spray (DPS), which employs a piece of triangular filter paper for both sample desalting and ionization. Unlike regular paper spray ionization (PSI) and nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), DPS-MS allows fast and sensitive detection of oligosaccharides in biological samples having complex matrices (e.g., Tris, PBS, HEPES buffers, or urine). When an oligosaccharide sample is loaded onto the filter paper substrate made mostly of cellulose, oligosaccharides are adsorbed on the paper via hydrophilic interactions with cellulose. Salts and buffers can be washed away using an ACN/H$_{\mathrm{2}}$O (90/10 v/v) solution, while oligosaccharides can be eluted from the paper using a solution of ACN/H$_{\mathrm{2}}$O/formic acid (FA) (10/90/1 v/v/v) and directly spray ionized from the tip of the paper. Various saccharides at trace levels (e.g., 50 fmol) in nonvolatile buffer can be quickly analyzed by DPS-MS (\textless 5 min per sample). DPS-MS is also applicable for direct detection of oligosaccharides from glycosyltransferase (GT) reactions, a challenging task that typically requires a radioactive assay. This work suggests that DPS-MS has potential for rapid oligosaccharide analysis from biological samples. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, December 6, 2020 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
J03.00004: Study on the Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Effects of Natural Polyphenol Molecules Using Biophysical and Computational Analysis Seung Woo Cha, Richard Kyung Although there are many types of free radicals, the most prominent and concerning radicals in biological systems are derived from oxygen often called reactive oxygen species. Due to certain conditions, oxygens can accept electrons from the outer environment creating three reactive oxygen species: Superoxide anion, peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. The correlation between natural Polyphenol molecules and the effectiveness in dental disease treatment was studied in this research. For the extract molecules to have better effect, molecules with higher thermodynamic stability and activity are needed for their anti-inflammatory effects and effective activity in radical scavenging. The purpose of this research was to determine the safety of the components used in the Polyphenols for periodontal disease treatment by checking whether there was any noticeable difference in molecular energies of the different molecules or structural isomers. Quantum chemical calculations were helpful in determining whether the compound modeled is stable enough to exist naturally as a compound. Models presenting extremely high optimization energies and/or extremely long optimization times were eliminated from the initial list of possible compounds. [Preview Abstract] |
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