Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2017 Annual Meeting of the APS Mid-Atlantic Section
Volume 62, Number 19
Friday–Sunday, November 3–5, 2017; Newark, New Jersey
Session P1: Proteins and Biomedical Devices |
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Chair: Sharon Loverde, City University of New York Room: 235, Campus Center, NJIT |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 2:45PM - 3:21PM |
P1.00001: Tau oligomerization and Alzheimer's disease Invited Speaker: Luca Larini The abnormal aggregation of proteins is associated with several neurological diseases. Here, we will focus on the aggregation in the human brain of the microtubule-associated protein tau, a process associated with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. In healthy individuals, tau is fundamental for the formation and pruning of connections between neurons making its strict regulation necessary for development and maintenance of the brain. Mutations, as well as post-translational modifications, affect the behavior of tau. We will review recent findings about how these alterations of the molecular structure of tau allow novel conformations to appear that are associated with enhanced aggregation propensity and neurotoxicity. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 3:21PM - 3:33PM |
P1.00002: Functional relation between the enzymes Glucose oxidase and Laccase with the blood glucose to signify current as a measurement of glucose concentration. Shachi Yadav, Andrew Ojeda, Alokik Kanwal, Gordon A. Thomas, Reginald C. Farrow As we enter the fifth decade of intense research on glucose monitoring to fight the war against diabetes, we designed a biosensor to catalyze the glucose oxidation by exploiting the geometry of two enzymes on the single nanoscale device. A novel method of depositing single walls CNTs at predefined locations on the metal was used to facilitate the direct electron transfer between the enzymes and the glucose in the biological environment. A microfluidic platform was reported to gain control over the experiments to get repeatable results in glucose tracking at the physiological levels. The proposed approach enabled tissue-size-dependent, real-time monitoring of blood glucose in micro tissues. Furthermore, glucose oxidase consumption and laccase reduction were monitored in parallel, and the impact of different flow rates on the device was recorded in real-time. This novel approach is an effort towards the development of chronically implanted devices for glucose monitoring in future. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 3:33PM - 3:45PM |
P1.00003: High performance lattice boltzmann method yield-stress calculations based on intravital images of clot formation in live mice. Vishnu Deep Chandran, Femi Kadri, Roman Voronov Thrombo-embolic infarction is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. Conversely, deficiencies in these processes result in severe bleeding risks such as undesirable blood clotting (or thrombosis).Unfortunately, despite tremendous efforts in understanding thrombosis, the viscoelastic properties of thrombi that are responsible for embolism are not well understood. The ability to access hydrodynamics stresses at which thrombus structure yield to deformation in a blood vessel can provide meaningful information on when the thrombus is likely to embolize. Lack of an accurate method/model for estimating the stresses acting on a thrombus in vivo prompted us to develop a computational approach which combines intravital imaging and simulation. Interestingly, the viscoelastic behavior exhibited by the thrombus resembles that of a Bingham fluid - a material that behaves as a rigid body at low stresses but flows as a viscous fluid when it experiences stresses in excess for its ``\textit{critical yield stress}''. Hence, a Lattice-Boltzmann method simulation of blood flow past a thrombus volume (obtained from 3D-reconstructions of microscopic thrombus images) was used to investigate this process and other associated events. Our simulation provides an estimate of the critical yield stress at which thrombi yield behavior occurs. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 3:45PM - 3:57PM |
P1.00004: Selective glucose detection by various nanoparticle species Nicholas Parenti, Brian Yust With the rise of nanotechnology, applications of unique properties of nanoparticles (NPs) have been growing. These properties are a result of the size and shape of the NPs, where surface effects dominate bulk effects due to the high surface area to volume ratio. A NP-based sensing platform was designed for detecting glucose in the presence of sucralose. Current dyes used for the detection of glucose are not capable of differentiating the presence of glucose from that of the common sugar substitute sucralose, leading to false-positive results in metabolic studies. Gold, silver, and cerium NPs were synthesized to detect hydrogen peroxide concentrations in solution to indirectly detect glucose reacted with glucose oxidase. Absorbance spectroscopy was used to monitor the surface chemistry of the NPs with peaks at 260nm for Ag, 530nm for Au, and 310nm for Ce NPs. In Au and Ag NPs, the interaction etches the structure and changes their shape, resulting in a drop in the absorbance peak. In cerium NPs, oxygen vacancies on the surface of the NPs are filled and there is an associated charge shift from Ce$+$ 4 to Ce$+$ 3 with a drop in absorbance. Each of these NP species were investigated to detect peroxide byproducts at concentrations of 5$\mu $M-70$\mu $M. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 3:57PM - 4:09PM |
P1.00005: A capacitive MEMS device for monitoring flow and pressure associated with brain injuries Philip Bartholomew, David Apigo, Thomas Russell, Alokik Kanwal, Reginald Farrow, Gordon Thomas The sensor measured a supine infant phantom with a ventricular-peritoneal shunt and controlled occlusions. Measurements showed the precision of the sensor to be 20 times better than required for observing the start of an occlusion before complete blockage. This suggests that the method is able to both detect and forecast blockages. For example, with gradual occlusion development over a year, the method forecasts a danger over one month ahead of blockage. The method also distinguishes between ventricular and peritoneal occlusions. Since the sensor provides quantitative data on the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid, it can also help test new therapies and work toward understanding hydrocephalus as well as other brain injuries. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 5, 2017 4:09PM - 4:45PM |
P1.00006: Thermodynamic Scaling and Protein Dynamics Invited Speaker: James Phillips TBA [Preview Abstract] |
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