Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 3
Monday–Friday, March 14–18, 2022; Chicago
Session F31: Detector and detection scienceRecordings Available
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Sponsoring Units: GIMS Chair: Angela Di Fulvio, University of Illinois - Urbana Champaign; Chris Jacobsen, Argonne Lab/Northwestern U Room: McCormick Place W-192A |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
F31.00001: Exploration of Phonon Assisted and Field-Enhanced Desorption Processes Arun Persaud, Zhihao Qin, Kathryn Zurek, Stephen A Lyon, Thomas Schenkel Hypothetical dark matter candidates interact with normal matter and can generate phonons in rare collisions. To be able to detect these phonons from rare dark matter interactions, new detectors are being developed to increase sensitivity especially for low mass dark matter candidates. We explore phonon assisted and field-enhanced desorption processes that could enable the development of new detectors for dark matter searches. To detect low energy phonons, down to ~1 meV, surfaces are coated with a thin layer of atoms or molecules that can be polarized in an applied electrical field to tune the surface binding energy. The desorbed species are then detected using a mass spectrometer (at first) and quantum sensors (later). We report on our experimental studies based on measuring the desorption rate using residual gas analysers and a temperature range from room temperature down to a few Kelvin. We will discuss the status and direction for our experiments including integration with quantum sensors based on quantum dots or NV-centers. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
F31.00002: A High-Resolution Muon Spectrometer Using Multi-Layer Gas Cherenkov Radiators Junghyun Bae, Stylianos Chatzidakis Having a high-resolution momentum measurement capability is of outmost importance in high-energy physics and neutrino research. Typically, when it comes to hadrons and electrons, calorimeters are sufficient to provide accurate measurement of their momenta. However, calorimeters are not ideal for muons because muons can easily escape the active volume without any appreciable interactions. To address this shortcoming, a magnetic field and trackers are often used to measure muon momentum by reconstructing the curvature of muon trajectories. Alternatively, time-of-flight or multiple Coulomb scattering methods are used to estimate muon momentum, however, the resolution is much lower (~20% in the muon momentum range of 0.5–4.5 GeV/c). Here, we propose a different paradigm for muon momentum measurement that utilizes multi-layer pressurized gas Cherenkov radiators. Since the muon Cherenkov threshold momentum level for gas radiators depends on pressure, the muon momentum can be accurately measured by carefully varying the pressure to provide sequential threshold momentum levels. Our new concept offers a feasible solution to flexible muon spectrometers that significantly improve resolution (<10%) and extend the measurable momentum range to 0.2–10 GeV/c without relying on bulky magnets. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
F31.00003: Quasi-free standing epitaxial silicon carbide-based room–temperature heterodyne terahertz detector Gyan Prakash, Francois Joint, Kunyi Zhang, Jayprakash Poojali, Ashraf Ali, Kevin M Daniels, Thomas E Murphy, Howard D Drew Ultrafast and sensitive detection in the THz range is important for spectroscopy of gases, complex molecules, and imaging metrology. Hot carriers in graphene are thermally decoupled from crystal lattice due to slow electron-lattice relaxation. The hot carrier regime thus gives rise to a strong thermoelectric effect. In this work, we utilize the thermoelectric response of quasi-free standing epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide to design a THz detector. The graphene in our device is coupled to a patch antenna resonant at 650 GHz. The device is integrated with a silicon lens to focus the THz source on the device. The patch antenna in our device not only couples the resonant THz radiation on graphene but also is utilized to tune the p-n junction of graphene for a maximum thermoelectric response. We demonstrate a room-temperature heterodyne mixing-based THz detection and report the noise equivalent temperature (NEP) of our detector. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
F31.00004: Reconfigurable sensing with nonreciprocal photonic management Andrei V Sergeev, Kimberly Sablon Development and implementation of sensors with tunable tradeoff parameters such as sensitivity and operating time will provide optimal use of sensing resources. In particular, it will deliver adjustable dynamic range for detection of high and low intensity radiation and possibilities to operate at high level of background radiation. Significant progress in development of nonreciprocal optical components with broken Kirchhoff symmetry opens novel opportunities to control radiative recombination processes and corresponding noise characteristics. In this work we calculate performance of detectors with nonreciprocal photonic management and its tunability limits for some traditional semiconductor materials, perovskites, and 2D structures. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
F31.00005: New Advances in ARPES instrumentation: DFS30 Daniel A Beaton, Marcus Lundwall, Timo Watjen In this talk we present ground-breaking Electrostatic 3D Focus Adjustment technology (patent pending) - a major advancement in replacing imprecise mechanical movements with electronic precision and repeatability in ARPES. This provides significantly improved workflow, speed, and reproducibility when optimizing experimental conditions. High quality ARPES measurements, particularly micro/nanoARPES, require optimised alignment of the photon, sample, and analyser focal point. The new DFS30 spectrometer simplifies this with electronic adjustment of the analyser focal point. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
F31.00006: Listening to the Sound of Dark Matter with Superfluid Helium Marvin Hirschel, Vaisakh Vadakkumbatt, Jack Manley, Swati Singh, John P Davis Recently, we studied a prototype gravitational wave detector based on high-Q acoustic modes of superfluid 4He inside a centimeter-scale cross-shaped cavity.1 A sensitive parametric transducer allowed for the observation of thermally excited modes at millikelvin temperatures, while the kHz mechanical frequencies could be tuned through pressurizing the helium. Now, we are developing a new experiment aimed at proving that the high-Q acoustic modes of superfluid helium can also facilitate an efficient search for ultralight scalar dark matter (DM) candidates, when combined with sensitive optomechanical readout. Such particles with a mass < 0.1 eV would appear as a classical field periodically modulating the Bohr radius and thus continuously causing a uniform harmonic stress on a resonant-mass antenna.2 Featuring an improved re-entrant microwave optomechanical transducer and a significantly larger helium mass in a cylindrical cavity, this prototype DM detector could beat current constraints on scalar DM candidates after a few hours of integration time.3 |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
F31.00007: Ultrathin SiNx nanopore membranes fabricated using the SiO2 sacrificial layer process Itaru Yanagi, Kenichi Takeda SiN membranes with thicknesses of 3-7 nm were fabricated using the SiO2 sacrificial layer process. Then, nanopores were fabricated in the membranes via dielectric breakdown. The current noise of the nanopore membranes was approximately 3/5 that of membranes fabricated using the conventional poly-Si sacrificial layer process. In addition, ionic current blockades were measured when poly(dT)60 passed through the nanopores, and the effective thickness of the nanopores was estimated based on those current-blockade values. The effective thickness was approximately 4.8 nm when the deposited thickness of the SiN membrane was 6.03 nm. On the other hand, the effective thickness and the actual thickness were almost the same when the deposited thickness was 3.07 nm. This suggests the difficulty of forming the shape in which the membrane was thinner only near the nanopore than in the other area as the actual thickness decreased. |
Tuesday, March 15, 2022 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
F31.00008: Discrimination of the four kinds of nucleotides by solid-state nanopores using ammonium sulfate aqueous solution Rena Akahori, Itaru Yanagi The ionic-current blockades when deoxynucleotide triphosphates(dNTPs) passed through the silicon nitride nanopore were measured. The fabrication of the nanopore by dielectric breakdown and the measurement of the ionic-current through the nanopore were performed in (NH4)2SO4 – KCl – mixed aqueous solution. The standard deviation of the blocked currents when each dNTP was passing through the nanopore was found to decrease compared to that obtained when 100% KCl aqueous solution was used. In addition, the ionic-current blockades derived from the four types of dNTPs passing through the nanopore were clearly discriminated. These results suggest the possibility of the DNA sequencing by solid-state nanopores. |
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