Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session R28: Hybrid Quantum SystemsLive
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Sponsoring Units: DAMOP DQI Chair: Gaurav Bahl, UIUC |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 8:00AM - 8:12AM Live |
R28.00001: Membrane-based scanning force microscopy David Hälg, Thomas Gisler, Yeghishe Tsaturyan, Catalini Letizia, Urs Grob, Marc-Dominik Krass, Martin Héritier, Hinrich Mattiat, Ann-Katrin Thamm, Romana Schirhagl, Eric Christopher Langman, Albert Schliesser, Christian Degen, Alexander Eichler We report the development of a scanning force microscope based on an ultra-sensitive silicon nitride membrane optomechanical transducer. Our development is made possible by inverting the standard microscope geometry - in our instrument, the substrate is vibrating and the scanning tip is at rest. We present first topography images of samples placed on the membrane surface. Our measurements demonstrate that the membrane retains an excellent force sensitivity when loaded with samples and in the presence of a scanning tip. We discuss the prospects and limitations of our instrument as a quantum-limited force sensor and imaging tool. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 8:12AM - 8:24AM Live |
R28.00002: Optomechanical coupling enhanced by quantum reactance in Josephson junction devices Mohammad Tasnimul Haque, Marco Will, Juuso Manninen, David Vitali, Pertti Juhani Hakonen Graphene mechanical resonators promises to provide a unique platform in the field of cavity optomechanics combined with superconducting microwave cavities. If a suspended graphene Josephson junction mediates the coupling between microwave cavity and mechanical motion of the graphene resonator, strong optomechanical coupling can be achieved owing to the large influence of gate charge tunable Josephson inductance, leading to phonon or photon detection. Furthermore, we have also investigated a scheme to enhance the optomechanical coupling by embedding a Josephson junction Cooper Pair Box (CPB) into the cavity. The CPB is coupled to the cavity via a movable capacitance and the optomechanical interaction is enhanced six-seven orders of magnitude by tuning its charge-dependent Josephson capacitance, facilitating access to ultra-strong coupling regime with properly chosen parameters. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 8:24AM - 8:36AM Live |
R28.00003: Permanent Directional Heat Currents in Lattices of Optomechanical Resonators Zakari Denis, Alberto Biella, Ivan Favero, Cristiano Ciuti We study the phonon dynamics in lattices of cavity-coupled optomechanical resonators where the mutually coupled photonic modes are coherently driven and the mechanical resonators are uncoupled and connected to independent thermal baths. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 8:36AM - 8:48AM Live |
R28.00004: Quantum-limited mechanical force sensor based on cavity optomechanics August Roos, Ermes Scarano, Erik Holmgren, Gabriele Baglioni, Ariadna Soro Alvarez, David Brant Haviland Optomechanical systems have recently reached the quantum limit for measurement of mechanical displacement. The use of high-Q superconducting microwave resonators has been key to this development. Using these advancements, we work towards a resonant mechanical force sensor for scanning probe applications. The detection principle relies on measuring a change of mechanical resonance frequency when a small force is applied to a sharp tip placed on the mechanical resonator. We investigate two separate designs based on capacitive and inductive modulation of a superconductive lumped-element microwave resonance, which couples the mechanical and microwave modes. In both designs the mechanical resonator is a flexural mode of a Si-N plate and the microwave inductance is realized by a meandering nanowire of superconducting NbTiN. For capacitive modulation a mechanical lever, consisting of an inner and outer cantilever that flex in opposition, is used to enhance the coupling. For inductive modulation we investigate a strain-induced change of the kinetic inductance of the superconducting meander. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 8:48AM - 9:00AM Live |
R28.00005: Quantum transducer with a color center in a 2D nanomechanical resonator Xingyu Gao, Zhang-Qi Yin, Tongcang Li Quantum transducers can transfer quantum information between different systems. Microwave-optical photon conversion is important for future quantum networks to interconnect remote superconducting quantum computers with optical fibers. Thanks to the small mass of 2D materials, a 2D nanomechanical resonator containing high quality quantum emitters can exhibit very strong coupling strength between the electron states of emitters and the mechanical vibration by striain effect or Stark shift. Such strong coupling enables the fast transfer of quantum states and open the door to many interesting phenomena. Here we demonstrate that a 2D resonator integrated by hBN membranes containing single photon emitters can achieve strong coupling regime between the vibrational mode and the electron state. We further propose that, by integrating such 2D resonator with superconducting circuit, a high-speed quantum state transfer can be realized from a microwave photon and an optical photon. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 9:00AM - 9:12AM Live |
R28.00006: Searching for scalar dark matter with mechanical sensors Jack Manley, Russell Stump, Swati Singh We discuss mechanical sensors as detectors for ultralight scalar dark matter. Several ultralight scalar dark matter candidates effectively modulate the fine structure constant or lepton masses, producing a mechanical signature in the form of an atomic strain at the DM Compton frequency. The strength and frequency of this signal are unknown, and we consider both resonant and broadband detection schemes to address the tradeoff between sensitivity and bandwidth. Our work proposes several small-scale experiments to contribute to the search for dark matter. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 9:12AM - 9:24AM Live |
R28.00007: Searching for vector dark matter with an optomechanical accelerometer Mitul Dey Chowdhury, Jack Manley, Daniel Grin, Swati Singh, Dalziel Wilson Ultralight dark matter might produce a weak vector force on terrestrial bodies in proportion to their neutron mass. We consider searching for this signal with optomechanical accelerometers, a technology being pursued in a diversity of platforms ranging from levitated microspheres to whispering gallery mode resonators. As a concrete example, we envision an accelerometer based on a silicon nitride membrane fixed to a beryllium mirror, forming an optical cavity. For a centimeter-scale membrane pre-cooled to 10 mK, we argue that sensitivity to vector dark matter can exceed that of torsion balance equivalence principle tests in integration times of minutes, over a small range of frequencies near 10 kHz mechanical resonance frequency (corresponding to a dark matter particle mass of 10−10 eV/c2). Addressing challenges such as frequency tunability (to increase bandwidth) and array-based detection could enable these and similar optomechanical detectors to occupy a niche in the search for dark matter. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 9:24AM - 9:36AM Live |
R28.00008: Sideband cooling of an encapsulated micromechanical resonator using an integrated microwave cavity Nicholas Bousse, James Miller, Gabrielle Vukasin, Hyun-Keun Kwon, Thomas Kenny Coupling mechanical resonators to optical and microwave cavities has enabled resonators to be used as ultra-sensitive detectors and has even allowed for the generation of mechanical quantum states. In these coupled systems, sideband pumping can be used to up-convert phonons in the mechanical mode into the cavity mode, cooling the resonator. Applications of meso-scale resonators such as clocks and resonant sensors benefit from the cooling achieved using electromechanical coupling, as reducing the noise temperature improves sensitivity in resonant sensors and phase noise in oscillators. However, existing implementations of sideband cooling rely on tools such as cryogenic systems or high power lasers that are challenging to implement in an integrated system. In this work, we use parametric coupling of an encapsulated micro-scale resonator to an integrated microwave cavity to demonstrate both sideband heating and cooling of the mechanical mode at room temperature. This implementation of sideband cooling in a low-cost integrated system at room temperature demonstrates the potential for cavity electromechanics to be used to improve current sensors or even implement qubits in personal devices. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 9:36AM - 9:48AM Live |
R28.00009: Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in Optomechanics Vitaly Fedoseev, Jose F Luna, Wolfgang Löffler, Dirk Bouwmeester Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a well-established technique with applications in atomic physics, trapped-ion physics, superconducting circuits, other solid-state systems, optics, in entanglement generation and qubit operations. Here we demonstrate STIRAP between two vibrational modes of a transparent membrane with highly disparate frequencies in an optical cavity, where by adiabatic following of the optomechanical dark state the excitation of one mechanical mode is coherently transfered to another mechanical mode without population of the optical mode. The maximum state transfer efficiency of a coherent excitation we achieve is 85% which is in good agreement with a theoretical model. The technicque is shown theoretically to work in the quantum regime. This paves the way to entanglement of massive mechanical oscillators and efficient storage of quantum states in long-lived mechanical modes. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 9:48AM - 10:00AM Live |
R28.00010: Two-membrane cavity optomechanics Paolo Piergentili, Wenlin Li, Nicola Malossi, Riccardo Natali, David Vitali, Giovanni Di Giuseppe The optomechanical behaviour of a driven high finesse Fabry–Pérot cavity containing two vibrating dielectric Si3N4 membranes is presented. The first experimental characterization of the optical, mechanical, and especially optomechanical properties of a sandwich constituted of two parallel membranes within an optical cavity will be presented. We find that the optomechanical coupling strength is enhanced by constructive interference when the two membranes are positioned to form an inner cavity which is resonant with the driving field. Furthermore, the behaviour of the non-linear dynamics of such a system in a pre-synchronization regime will be discussed. In this regime we find that both large and small amplitude resonator motions are transduced in a nontrivial way by the non-linear response of the optical probe beam. Moreover the slope with which the temporal dynamics of the mechanical oscillator reaches a limit cycle, allows us to determine, in a simple and consistent way, the single–photon optomechanical rate, without the need of knowing the bath temperature, providing a novel procedure for the full characterization of an optomechanical system. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 10:00AM - 10:12AM Live |
R28.00011: Towards Stationary Optomechanical Entanglement of a Levitated Nanosphere Inside an Optical Cavity Kahan Dare, Manuel Reisenbauer, Corentin Gut, Klemens Winkler, Yuriy Coroli, Aisling Johnson, Uros Delic, Markus Aspelmeyer The rapid development of quantum optomechanics has seen the creation of many new experimental platforms which are uniquely tailored to study fundamental questions [1] and act as quantum sensors [2]. Within this field, levitated systems provide a compelling architecture due to their flexibility and isolation from their environment. Recently, we cooled an optically levitated massive object to its quantum ground state [3], a task which was made possible by a new technique called cavity cooling by coherent scattering. We endeavor to build upon this work by generating stationary optomechanical entanglement using this same coupling mechanism. In this talk, I will present our recent work towards demonstrating such entanglement using a silica nanoparticle inside of an optical cavity. The experimental realization of the procedure outlined in [4] for inferring entanglement between the light and mechanics will be detailed and the next steps will discussed. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 10:12AM - 10:24AM Live |
R28.00012: Virtual and real dynamical Casimr effects in optomechanical systems Omar Di Stefano, Vincenzo Macrì, Salvatore Savasta, Franco Nori Here we summarize recent theoretical studies on the dynamical Casimir effects (DCEs) in optomechanical systems. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 10:24AM - 10:36AM Live |
R28.00013: Optical and electrical feedback cooling of a silica nanoparticle levitated in a Paul trap Lorenzo Dania, Dmitry S. Bykov, Pau Mestres, Matthias Knoll, Katharina Heidegger, Giovanni Cerchiari, Tracy E Northup Cooling the motion of nanoparticles levitated in magnetic, electrodynamic or optical traps to a low temperature state is an essential step in order to enable quantum experiments with these systems. Thanks to cavity and feedback cooling, the quantum regime has recently been achieved in optical-tweezer-based traps. In contrast to optical traps, Paul traps offer deeper and larger trapping potentials, which allow particles to be loaded under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. Paul traps are also compatible with low-intensity laser fields for particle detection, which reduces radiation pressure shot noise when compared to optical trapping. These key advantages establish the Paul trap as an attractive platform with which to perform quantum experiments with levitated particles in a highly isolated environment. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 10:36AM - 10:48AM Live |
R28.00014: Millimeter Wave Quantum Optomechanics Bradley Hauer, Katarina Cicak, Florent Lecocq, Raymond W Simmonds, Jose Aumentado, John Teufel Despite incredible experimental progress in quantum optomechanics, the intrinsically weak coupling between light and motion remains a bottleneck for accessing the full potential of these systems. While a strong pump field can parametrically enhance the optomechanical coupling, it also acts to obscure the fundamental nonlinearity of the interaction and hinders integration with single photon devices like detectors or qubits. Here, I will present theory, design and preliminary experiments detailing our approach to address these issues by introducing a new regime of optomechanics whereby mechanical oscillators are coupled to millimeter wave (~30 GHz) photons. Based on previous vacuum gap capacitor designs, these novel devices integrate the small electromagnetic mode volume of lumped elements with the increased photon energy provided by millimeter waves to generate larger optomechanical vacuum coupling rates. Combined with enhancements to the mechanical quality factor, these devices should allow access to the quantum regime with pump fields of less than a single photon on average, providing a novel quantum information resource, as well as a platform for fundamental studies of quantum mechanics at the mesoscale. |
Thursday, March 18, 2021 10:48AM - 11:00AM Live |
R28.00015: Novel Optomechanical Coupling Mechanisms in nanostructured Metasurfaces Florian Bruns, Carol Rojas, Radu Malureanu, Thomas Siefke, Stefanie Kroker Nanostructured metasurfaces with mechanical degrees of freedom provide a highly flexible and tunable platform for optomechanical systems. Bilayer metasurfaces with a high contrast grating as the top layer feature a high reflectivity due to the presence of bound states in the continuum (BIC). Simultaneously they can have a high mechanical susceptibility because of a flexible bottom layer, thus, providing strong optomechanical coupling that directly affects the optical properties of the metasurface. |
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