Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session F31: Hybrid Quantum Systems I - Phononics and MagnonicsLive
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Muir Kumph, IBM TJ Watson Research Center |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:30AM - 11:42AM Live |
F31.00001: Studies of NbN high-impedance superconducting microwave resonators under optical illumination for quantum transduction applications Steven Wood, Srujan Meesala, Alp Sipahigil, David Lake, Piero Chiappina, Jash Banker, Andrew Beyer, Matthew Shaw, Oskar Painter Quantum microwave to optical transduction is an emerging technology for integrating microwave superconducting quantum circuits into large scale quantum networks. Combining superconducting circuits and optical devices in a chip-scale transducer is a key challenge due to disruption of the superconducting phase under optical illumination. Motivated by this challenge, we have developed high-Q (105 at single-photon-level), tunable, GHz-frequency niobium nitride (NbN) resonators on silicon-on-insulator for integration into a piezo-acoustic transducer. Our geometry comprises meandered loops, which allows for high impedance and 10% frequency tuning via kinetic inductance. Upon illumination with a lensed fiber parallel to the device, we observe resonator frequency shifts within the intrinsic linewidth for up to 250 μW of continuous wave laser power at 1.55 μm. Further, with pulsed illumination, we observe measurement-limited recovery on the microsecond timescale. With this, we expect 10 KHz repetition rate in pulsed mode operation, a 100x improvement compared with our previous aluminum-based transducer. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:42AM - 11:54AM Live |
F31.00002: Circuit quantum acousto-dynamics with bulk acoustic wave resonators Marius Bild, Uwe von Luepke, Yu Yang, Maxwel Drimmer, Hugo Doeleman, Yiwen Chu High overtone bulk acoustic wave resonators (HBAR) are one of the newest mechanical platformsto have reached the quantum regime during the past years. Making use of the high frequency, lowloss phonon modes of the HBAR, these systems potentially enable the study of macroscopic quantumobjects with long coherence times and relatively large effective masses. Therefore, a hybrid systemconsisting of superconducting circuit qubits strongly coupled to modes of a HBAR is an excitingnew system for studying hardware-efficient quantum memories, Heisenberg-limited force sensing,and objective collapse theories. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:54AM - 12:06PM Live |
F31.00003: Towards a Mechanical Qubit in a Carbon Nanotube Christoffer Møller, Roger Tormo Queralt, Sergio Lucio De Bonis, Chandan Samanta, David Czaplewski, Andrew N Cleland, Fabio Pistolesi, Adrian Bachtold We present our efforts towards realizing the first ever mechanical qubit [1]. We employ a pristine [2], suspended carbon nanotube with exceptional cryogenic mechanical coherence [3] and seek to significantly tailor the energy potential of its mechanical vibrations by strongly coupling its motion to a localized double quantum dot. We present measurements which demonstrate operation in the ultra-strong electromechanical coupling regime generated by an electrostatic force between a biased gate electrode and a single charge quantum dot on a suspended carbon nanotube. We further present our efforts to extend these capabilities to a high frequency nanotube, suspended above 5 independently biased gates forming a double quantum dot [4]. The gates grant control of the interaction between the quantum dots, and their coupling to mechanical vibrations enable to tunable mechanical energy potential essential in the formation of the mechanical qubit. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:06PM - 12:18PM Live |
F31.00004: Pulsed Cavity Electro-optics for Ground-state Microwave-to-optical Conversion Mingrui Xu, Wei Fu, Xianwen Liu, Chang-ling zou, Changchun Zhong, Xu Han, Mohan Shen, Yuntao Xu, Risheng Cheng, Sihao Wang, Liang Jiang, Hong X Tang In pursuit of quantum microwave-to-optical (MO) converters, excessive noise induced by the parametric optical drive at milli-Kelvin temperatures remains a major obstacle. Here we present an experimental study of the microwave noise in an electro-optic transducer under intense optical drives. The integrated electro-optical transducer leverages the Pockels effect of aluminum nitride microrings, which is flip-chip bonded to a superconducting resonator. Harnessing the pulsed drive scheme, we observe efficient bi-directional MO conversion, with near-ground state microwave thermal excitation (ne = 0.09±0.06), despite the fact that the optical drive peak power exceeds the cooling power of the dilution refrigerator at its base temperature. Time evolution study suggests different mechanisms of light-induced microwave noise, among which the main contribution is the superconductor absorption of stray light scattered off the chip-fiber interface. Our results provide guidelines to further suppress microwave noise in cavity electro-optics systems, which is an essential step towards quantum transduction between microwave and optical frequencies. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:18PM - 12:30PM Live |
F31.00005: Coherent, focusing surface acoustic wave resonators for multimode quantum acoustodynamics Lucas Sletten, Brendon Rose, Alec L Emser, Pablo Aramburu Sanchez, Konrad Lehnert Acoustic platforms offer quantum technologies a promising combination of competitive coherence times, long on-chip delays, and the ability to connect disparate quantum systems. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are particularly adept at leveraging these delays to realize high-performance and designable filters. Experiments combining SAW devices with superconducting qubits have required a trade-off between the anharmonicity of the qubit and the width of the acoustic aperture, resulting in significant acoustic losses to diffraction in typical flat geometries. Here, we demonstrate highly coherent (Q >3x105) SAW resonators on quartz with narrow apertures (aperture < 5λ) by using curved reflectors to form stable cavities, a design task complicated by the anisotropy of sound on quartz. These resonators are poised for integration with superconducting qubits to create devices able to investigate quantum acoustodynamics in the multi-mode, strong dispersive regime. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:30PM - 12:42PM Live |
F31.00006: Quantum measurements of a thin-film bulk acoustic resonator using a superconducting qubit Ming-Han Chou, Etienne Dumur, Youpeng Zhong, Gregory Peairs, Audrey Bienfait, Hung-Shen Chang, Christopher R Conner, Joel Grebel, Rhys G Povey, Kevin Satzinger, Andrew N Cleland Phonon modes at microwave frequencies can be cooled to their quantum ground state using conventional cryogenic refrigeration, providing a convenient way to study and manipulate quantum states at the single phonon level. Phonons are of particular interest because mechanical deformations can mediate interactions with a wide range of different quantum systems, including solid-state defects, superconducting qubits, and optical photons when using optomechanically-active constructs. Phonons thus hold promise for quantum-focused applications as diverse as sensing, information processing, and communication. In this talk, we will describe a piezoelectric thin-film bulk acoustic resonator with a 4.88 GHz resonant frequency that at cryogenic temperatures displays large electromechanical coupling strength combined with a high intrinsic mechanical quality factor. Using a recently-developed flip-chip technique, we couple this mechanical resonator to a superconducting qubit and demonstrate quantum control of the mechanics in the coupled system. This approach promises a flexible experimental approach to quantum acoustics and hybrid quantum systems. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:42PM - 12:54PM Live |
F31.00007: Photon condensation in magnetic cavity QED David Zueco We show that a system of magnetic molecules coupled to microwave cavities (or LC resonators) undergoes the equilibrium superradiant transition when their mutual interaction exceeds a critical value and that this transition is experimentally observable. In order to do that, we calculate the equilibrium thermodynamics of a macroscopic number of spins (interacting or not) coupled to the quantized magnetic field of a cavity (multimode or not). The effects of the coupling are first illustrated by the vacuum-induced ferrromagnetic ordering in a quantum Ising model.Then, we compute how the coupling modifies the magnetic phase diagram of ${\rm Fe_8}$ dipolar crystals, which exemplifies the co-operation between intrinsic and photon induced spin-spin interactions. To conclude, we demonstrate that a simple transmission experiment can resolve the superradiant transition, and thus measure the quantum electrodynamical control of magnetism. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:54PM - 1:06PM Live |
F31.00008: Enhanced magnon lifetimes in out-of-equilibrium quantum magnonics Samuel Wolski, Dany Lachance-Quirion, Arjan F. Van Loo, Yasunobu Nakamura Coupling magnons to other degrees of freedom in hybrid architectures presents a promising platform for advances in technologies for information processing and sensing. However, the relatively short magnon lifetimes encountered in such contexts, typically on the order of 100 ns in the quantum regime, are a limiting factor for experiments aiming to explore and exploit the quantum nature of magnons. We demonstrate that the lifetime of magnons in the magnetostatic mode of a ferrimagnetic sphere can be enhanced in-situ by around 30% by strongly pumping at an appropriate frequency, suggestive of the saturation of a bath of two-level systems (TLSs) [1]. Studying the resulting dynamics indicates evidence of lifetimes much longer than those of the other components of the hybrid system such as the magnetostatic mode. Consequently, the TLS bath remains excited while other elements of the hybrid system have relaxed into the ground state. Experiments in the quantum regime of magnonics, enabled via coherent coupling to a superconducting qubit, can thus be performed in an out-of-equilibrium state with an enhanced magnon lifetime. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:06PM - 1:18PM Live |
F31.00009: Electric field control of interaction between magnons and quantum spin defects Abhishek Solanki, Simeon Bogdanov, Avinash Rustagi, Neil Ross Dilley, Tingting Shen, Mohammad Mushfiqur Rahman, Wenqi Tong, Punyashloka Debashis, Zhihong Chen, Joerg Appenzeller, Yong Chen, Vladimir M Shalaev, Pramey Upadhyaya The coupling between quantum spin defects and magnons could enable unique quantum information devices and sensors. Magnons resonantly enhance microwave fields at the nanoscale, providing a coherent interface for the readout and manipulation of spin defects. Reciprocally, this coupling can be harnessed to probe magnetism with nanoscale resolution using single spins. Tuning the interaction between spin defects and magnons via electric fields would allow to coherently drive and entangle spin defects locally, with minimal power. Here, we leverage the electric polarization control of magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnet-ferroelectric multiferroics to modulate the interaction between magnons and nitrogen vacancy (NV) center spins in a nanodiamond, changing the NV spin relaxation time by 400%. Our results constitute a first step towards exploiting multiferroics for creating electrically tunable spin-based quantum devices. These results could also pave the way for improved quantum sensing of electric field and strain as well as enable the probing of multiferroic order using spin defect. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:18PM - 1:30PM Live |
F31.00010: A gate-tunable, field-compatible fluxonium Marta Pita-Vidal, Arno Bargerbos, Tereza Vakhtel, Chung-Kai Yang, David J. Van Woerkom, Wolfgang Pfaff, Nadia Haider, Peter Krogstrup, Leo Kouwenhoven, Gijs De Lange, Bernard Van Heck, Angela Kou Hybrid superconducting circuits, which integrate non-superconducting elements into a circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) architecture, expand the possible applications of cQED and provide new insights into mesoscopic superconductivity. Extending the capabilities of hybrid flux-based circuits, which provide access to current-phase relations, to work in magnetic fields would be especially useful both as a probe of spin-polarized Andreev bound states and as a platform for topological qubits. Here, we build upon previous results on a magnetic-field compatible fluxonium with an electrostatically-tuned semiconducting nanowire as its non-linear element. We use our nanowire fluxonium as a sensitive probe to study phase slips in highly transparent Josephson junctions. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:30PM - 1:42PM Live |
F31.00011: Strong magnon-photon coupling on-chip for YIG in the zero-temperature limit Paul Gabriel Baity, Dmytro Bozhko, Rair Macedo, William Smith, Rory Holland, Sergey Danilin, Valentino Seferai, Jharna Paul, Renju Rajagopal Peroor, Umberto Nasti, Stephen McVitie, Alessandro Casaburi, Robert Hadfield, Martin Peter Weides The integration of spin-wave and superconducting technologies is a promising method for creating novel hybrid devices for future information processing technologies to store, manipulate, or convert data in both classical and quantum regimes. While hybrid magnon-polariton systems have been studied using bulk yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12, YIG) and photon cavities, the incompatibility of YIG growth techniques with CMOS technologies impedes the creation of high-quality factor magnon-polariton systems on-chip with superconducting quantum technologies. To overcome this impediment, we have used Plasma Focused Ion Beam (PFIB) technology to integrate YIG on-chip with superconducting microwave devices, taking advantage of precision placement down to the micron-scale. Ferromagnetic resonance has been measured at millikelvin temperatures on PFIB-processed YIG samples using planar microwave circuits. Furthermore, we demonstrate strong coupling between superconducting resonator and YIG ferromagnetic resonance modes. This achievement of strong coupling on-chip is a crucial step toward fabrication of functional hybrid quantum devices that advantage from spin-wave and superconducting components. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:42PM - 1:54PM Live |
F31.00012: Integrating superconducting circuits with phononic bandgap structures for quantum networking and memory William Kindel, Charles Harris, Sueli D Skinner Ramos, Sara DiGregorio, Michael Miller, Jeffrey Taylor, Lisa Hackett, Rupert M Lewis, Matthew Eichenfield Superconducting quantum processors have become highly developed noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems, yet many challenges remain to fully developing their quantum information processing capabilities such as developing long distance quantum coherent transmission and memory. Coupling these circuits directly to phononic modes provides a path to addressing these challenges. Phononic modes of dielectric bandgap crystals can have lifetimes of order seconds, far exceeding superconducting coherence times. Moreover, phononic modes can be frequency matched to superconducting circuits and wavelength matched to optical modes, providing a path for quantum networking via an optical channel. Here, we present our progress developing superconducting circuits for integration with phononic bandgap crystals. We investigate multiple dielectric platforms including circuits fabricated on silicon-on-oxide (SOI) substrates, as phononic bandgap devices have been extensively developed on SOI. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:54PM - 2:06PM Live |
F31.00013: Magnon-mediated entanglement of spin qubits via on- and off-resonant interactions Masaya Fukami, Denis R Candido, David Awschalom, Michael Flatté The ability to manipulate entanglement between multiple qubits is essential in quantum information processing. While nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a promising qubit platform, developing their two-qubit gates in a scalable fashion remains a well-known challenge. To this end, magnon-mediated long-distance entanglement schemes have been proposed and attracted attention [1,2]. Optimal device geometries and gate protocols, however, have yet to be explored. Here we first predict [3] strong long-distance NV-NV interactions via magnons in ferromagnet bar and waveguide structures. Moreover, we explore and compare on-resonant transduction and off-resonant virtual-magnon exchange protocols, and discuss which one is suitable to create entangled states under realistic experimental conditions. This work serves as a guide for future experiments that aim to entangle spin qubits in solids through magnon excitations. |
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