Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session E06: Kinetic Theory and Its Applications in the Physical, Biological and Social SciencesFocus Live
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Sponsoring Units: DSOFT Chair: Andrea Cairoli, Imperial College London Room: 06 |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 8:00AM - 8:36AM Live |
E06.00001: Kinetic theory of topological defects in active nematics Invited Speaker: M Cristina Marchetti Active nematics are fluids of elongated active agents that exhibit self-sustained flows |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 8:36AM - 9:12AM Live |
E06.00002: Kinetic theory for financial Brownian motion: a microscopic model based on forex data analysis and its mean-field theory Invited Speaker: Kiyoshi Kanazawa Kinetic theory is a powerful mathematical framework in statistical physics and has been applied to understand physical Brownian motions from their microscopic setups. In light of this success, it is an interesting attempt to extend kinetic theory for various social phenomena beyond physics. In particular, we have focused on its application to financial markets since they exhibit random motions quite similar to physical Brownian motion. In this presentation, we will show our recent kinetic approach (K. Kanazawa et al., PRL 2018; PRE 2018) to financial Brownian motion in the context of high-frequency data analyses. First, we have analyzed trading log data of individual traders, to identify the microscopic dynamics in a forex market. The proposed microscopic model of the financial market is then solved systematically via the kinetic theory: we derive the Liouville equation, the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon hierarchy, the Boltzmann equation, and the Langevin equation for the financial market as a parallel mathematical program to conventional kinetic theory. Our work highlights the potential power of kinetic theory to understand social phenomena from their microscopic dynamics. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 9:12AM - 9:24AM Live |
E06.00003: Brownian motion in confinement Maxime Lavaud, Pierre Soulard, Vincent Bertin, David Dean, Raphael Sarfati, Elie Raphael, Yann Louyer, Thomas Salez, Yacine Amarouchene Brownian motion in confinement is a paradigm for numerous biological situations. Here, we study the diffusion of micrometer-sized beads in water confined between two walls that are separated by a micrometric distance. Using holographic microscopy, we track the particles in three dimensions with a precision approaching the nanometric range. From statistical analysis performed on the individual trajectories, we extract the local diffusion coefficient as a function of the position of the bead in the microcavity. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical and analytical predictions — which paves the way towards the study of other situations of confinement, such as soft boundaries. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 9:24AM - 9:36AM Live |
E06.00004: Learning developmental mode dynamics from single-cell trajectories Nicolas Romeo, Alexander Mietke, Alasdair Hastewell, Jorn Dunkel
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Tuesday, March 16, 2021 9:36AM - 9:48AM Live |
E06.00005: Designing nanoparticles as glues for hydrogels: insights from a microscopic model Nicola Molinari, Guwon Jung, Stefano Angioletti-Uberti We use coarse-grained modeling and (non-equilibrium) molecular dynamics simulations to study how the interface adhesion between two hydrogels can be strengthened by the presence of nanoparticles. Solution of nanoparticles can be used as a general platform to design glues for polymer-based gels. However, optimisation of the system for a specific gel type requires understanding how different experimentally tuneable parameters concur to determine the gel-gel interfacial adhesion. More precisely, here we study the effect of nanoparticle size and affinity for the polymer network and show how the interplay between different physical mechanisms lead to a non-monotonic reinforcement behaviour. Our results also suggest an important role of the nanoparticle size distribution, and of the associated polydispersity. What we show is of particular importance when considering this system for technological applications such as the development of nanoparticles-based glues for biogels, a general platform recently introduced by the Leibler group for the development of suture-less wound healing [Rose et al, Nature 505, 382 (2014)] |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 9:48AM - 10:00AM On Demand |
E06.00006: Transport regimes for Brownian particles in a tilted washboard potential, re-revisited Trey Jiron, Jarrod Schiffbauer, Marygrace Prinster Langevin dynamics may be applied to a wide range of problems in mesoscale condensed matter. This presentation focuses on extensive numerical studies of the problem of a Brownian particle being driven through a 1D periodic “tilted washboard” potential., The parameter space in the under-damped case is thoroughly explored using a non-dimensional formulation of the problem which emphasizes the characteristic energies of various interactions. A novel negative differential mobility is observed prior to the onset of the well-known giant diffusion enhancement effect and several regimes are identified. The dynamics are analyzed in terms of competing characteristic energies, and relevance of these results to modulation of colloid mobility and other phenomena are discussed. |
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