Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session A47: Competing Phases and SuperconductivityLive
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Rebecca Flint, Iowa State University |
Monday, March 15, 2021 8:00AM - 8:12AM Live |
A47.00001: High magnetic field ultrasound study of spin freezing in La1.88Sr0.12CuO4 mehdi frachet, siham benhabib, Igor Vinograd, Shangfei Wu, baptiste vignolle, Hadrien Mayaffre, Steffen Kraemer, Tohru Kurosawa, Naoki Momono, Migaku Oda, Johan Chang, Cyril Proust, Marc-Henri Julien, David LeBoeuf In the high-Tc cuprate La2−xSrxCuO4 (LSCO), sound velocity and attenuation measurements have recently been shown to be sensitive to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) glass phase [1], a glass-like spin freezing with antiferromagnetic correlations. Here we focus on the case of La1.88Sr0.12CuO4 [2] where this magnetic phase is the most prominent [3]. Our ultrasound data reveal classical signatures of spin freezing that are reinforced up to unexpectedly high magnetic fields. This indicates very strong competition between superconductivity and magnetic freezing, tuned by the magnetic field. Comparison between different acoustic modes points toward a bilinear coupling of B1g strain with the spin fluctuations, which suggest that they have a nematic character. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 8:12AM - 8:24AM Live |
A47.00002: Charge and pair density waves in the one band Hubbard model with cluster dynamical mean-field theory Sidhartha Dash, David Senechal Charge-density-waves have long been established as an important component of the phase diagram of high-Tc superconducting cuprates. Various experimental and theoretical studies have characterized the CDWs, although there is still a lack of consensus on the origin of such states. However, there is strong evidence that the CDW order competes with superconductivity. We use cluster dynamical mean-field theory on the one-band Hubbard model at zero temperature with an exact diagonalization solver to study the normal and the superconducting phases. We observe a period-four CDW on doping the Mott insulator, originating only from local interactions. This state also coexists with superconductivity in a range of doping, in which a pair-density-wave is also observed. The dependence on U of the CDW and superconducting states indicates a competing relationship rather than a causal one. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 8:24AM - 8:36AM Live |
A47.00003: Magnetic and charge orders in the ground state of the Emery model: accurate numerical results Ettore Vitali, Adam C Chiciak, Shiwei Zhang We perform extensive auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) calculations for the three-band Hubbard (Emery) model, in order to study the ground-state properties of Copper-Oxygen planes in the cuprates. Employing cutting-edge AFQMC techniques with a self-consistent gauge constraint in auxiliary-field space to control the sign problem, we reach supercells containing approximately 500 atoms to capture collective modes in the charge and spin orders and characterize the behavior in the thermodynamic limit. The self-consistency scheme interfacing with generalized Hartree-Fock calculations allows high accuracy in AFQMC to resolve small energy scales, which is crucial for determining the complex candidate orders in such a system. We present detailed information on the charge order, spin order, momentum distribution, and localization properties as a function of charge-transfer energy for the the under-doped regime. In contrast with the stripe and spiral orders under hole-doping, we find that the corresponding 1/8 electron-doped system exhibits purely antiferromagnetic order in the three-band model, consistent with the asymmetry between electron- and hole-doping in the phase diagram of cuprates. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 8:36AM - 8:48AM Live |
A47.00004: Response of charge stripes to uniaxial stress in La1.475Nd0.4Sr0.125CuO4 Timothy Boyle, Morgan Walker, Alejandro Ruiz, Enrico Schierle, Zitong Zhao, Fabio Boschini, Ronny Sutarto, Teak Boyko, William Moore, Nobumichi Tamura, Feizhou He, Eugen Weschke, Adrian Gozar, Li Zhao, Hanjie Guo, Alexander Komarek, Christian Schüßler-Langeheine, Alex Frano, Eduardo H Da Silva Neto, Santiago Blanco-Canosa The La-based '214' cuprates host several symmetry breaking phases including superconductivity, charge and spin order in the form of stripes, and a structural othorhombic to tetragonal phase transition. Therefore, these materials provide and ideal system to study the effects of uniaxial stress onto the various correlations that pervade the cuprate phase diagram. We report resonant x-ray scattering experiments on La1.475Nd0.4Sr0.125CuO4 (LNSCO-125) that reveal a significant response of charge stripes to uniaxial stress.The observed effects include depinning of the charge stripes alongside the suppression of the structural phase transition, competition between superconductivity and charge order, and a tendency for stripes to form along the direction of applied stress. Altogether, we observe a dramatic response of the electronic properties of LNSCO-125 to the explicit broken symmetry induced by uniaxial stress. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 8:48AM - 9:00AM Live |
A47.00005: Pinning Pair-Density-Wave Superconductivity about Zn Impurities in a Cuprate John Tranquada, Pedro Mercado, Qiang Li, Genda Gu In studying stripe-ordered La1.905Ba0.095CuO4 with superconducting Tc = 32 K, we have previously shown that both a c-axis magnetic field and 1% Zn doping enhance the spin-stripe order [1]. The magnetic field also causes a decoupling of the superconducting CuO2 layers [2]. We now have evidence for a similar decoupling induced by Zn, based on measurements of anisotropic resistivity and magnetic susceptibility [3]. The observations are consistent with a local pinning of pair-density-wave superconducting order [4] by the Zn impurities, thus frustrating the interlayer Josephson coupling. Our results have implications for the interpretation of STM measurements of quasiparticle interference in terms of the pairing gap. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 9:00AM - 9:12AM Live |
A47.00006: Superconducting instability near a quantum critical point – fate of the fermions Dimitri Pimenov, Alex Kamenev, Andrey Chubukov At the Ising nematic quantum critical point, soft order parameter bosons induce a superconducting instability. We study the impact of this instability on the fermionic quasiparticles, by tracking the evolution of the fermionic self-energy at T = 0 from the normal to the superconducting state. This is achieved by resumming a class of "planar diagrams", which contain hidden 1d physics. We find that around the characteristic superconducting energy scale the self-energy develops a prominent feature, whose precise form is determined by the momentum dependence of the nematic fluctuations, and is in marked difference to the BSC case. Implications for real and numerical experiments are discussed. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 9:12AM - 9:24AM Live |
A47.00007: Effect of Electron Irradiation on the Interplay of Charge Density Wave and Superconductivity in 3-4-13 Stannides Elizabeth Krenkel, Makariy Tanatar, Erik I Timmons, Ruslan Prozorov, Kefeng Wang, Cedomir Petrovic, Romain Grasset The evolution of temperature-dependent resistivity with disorder induced by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation was studied in the “3-4-13” stannides, (Ca, Sr)3(Rh, Ir)3Sn13 of various compositions. Of particular interest is the interplay between charge density waves (CDW) and superconductivity. Unlike virtually two-dimensional layered chalcogenides (e.g., NbSe2), this system has a cubic crystal structure allowing us to study rare three-dimensional coexistence of these long-range orders. A variety of responses can be expected, from direct competition for the electronic states at the Fermi level to possible cooperation via the softening of the phonon modes. Disorder is a unique tuning parameter that gently probes the system without affecting the electronic band structure. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 9:24AM - 9:36AM Live |
A47.00008: Non BCS-like superfluid density in a disordered charge density wave material: Pd-intercalated ErTe3 Yusuke Iguchi, Joshua A Straquadine, John Robert Kirtley, Anisha Singh, Ian R Fisher, Kathryn Ann Moler The rare-earth tri-tellurides RTe3 (R=La-Pr, Sm, Gd-Tm) are quasi-2D metals that show unidirectional incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) states. Pd intercalation introduces significant disorder to the crystal lattice, suppressing the CDW formation and leading to a superconducting ground state. The material presents an opportunity to explore in detail the interplay between superconductivity (SC) and CDW formation in the presence of disorder. Here we measured the superfluid response as a function of Pd concentration in PdxErTe3 (0<x<0.06) by using a scanning SQUID microscope with sub-micron spatial resolution. We observed an anomalous increase of superfluid density near the critical temperature, which cannot be explained by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. We also quantify the inhomogeneity of the emergent superconductivity as the CDW is progressively disordered by the Pd intercalation. Our results clarify how the superconducting state emerges from the disordered CDW. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 9:36AM - 9:48AM Live |
A47.00009: Evolving Charge Order in a Tunable Electronic Nematic Superconducting System John Collini, Chris Eckberg, Sangjun Lee, Stella Sun, Peter Abbamonte, Johnpierre Paglione Recent discoveries of charge order in the cuprates and electron nematic order in the iron-based superconductors has pointed towards the possibilities of both orderings being tied to mechanisms of high Tc superconductivity.The Ba(1-x)Sr(x)Ni2As2 system, closely related in structure to the BaFe2As2 system, has recently been shown to exhibit both types of ordering without the presence of any magnetic order. We report single crystal X-ray diffraction observations that show a unidirectional charge order with wavevector (0.27,0,0)_{tet} in BaNi2As2 decays and vanishes by x=0.65. We also show that the (0.33,0,0)_{tri} order evolves into a (0.5,0,0)_{tri}+(0,0.5,0)_{tri} charge order before vanishing at x=0.71. We also show how this charge order is seen in AC magnetic susceptibility and how it can be tuned via hydrostatic pressure. The evolution of the charge order in this system correlates well with the already reported evolutions of nematicity and superconducivity, suggesting a strong link between the three phases. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 9:48AM - 10:00AM Live |
A47.00010: Light-enhanced Charge Density Wave Coherence in YBa2Cu3O6+x Scott Wandel, Fabio Boschini, Eduardo H Da Silva Neto, Joshua Turner, Lingjia Shen, MengXing Na, Sioan Zohar, Jake D Koralek, Ruixing Liang, Doug Bonn, Walter N Hardy, Andrea Damascelli, Giacomo Coslovich We report ultrafast resonant soft x-ray scattering results tracking the transient evolution of charge density wave correlations in the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x. Ultrashort infrared pulses produce a non-thermal quench of the superconducting state, while X-ray pulses detect the reaction of charge density waves. We observe a picosecond response, characterized by a large enhancement of spatial coherence of charge density waves, nearly doubling their correlation length, and a smaller increase of their amplitude. This ultrafast snapshot directly reveals the interaction between these quantum states on their natural timescales. It demonstrates that their competition manifests inhomogeneously, as disruption of spatial coherence, indicating the role of superconductivity in stabilizing topological defects within charge density waves domains. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 10:00AM - 10:12AM Live |
A47.00011: Superconductivity and charge density wave order in the doped Holstein model Owen Bradley, Richard Theodore Scalettar The Holstein model (HM) is a tight-binding Hamiltonian which describes the interaction between electrons and local phonon modes on a lattice. Although charge density wave (CDW) order dominates at half-filling, the electron-phonon interaction is known to give rise to superconducting (SC) order away from half-filling. We use Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) simulations to explore the onset of SC order in doped systems through measurements of the s-wave pair susceptibility. We provide estimates for the critical temperature of the SC transition, obtained through a scaling analysis, for various values of the electron-phonon coupling λ and phonon frequency ω. We also explore the possible existence of an incommensurate CDW phase away from half-filling through measurements of the CDW structure factor. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 10:12AM - 10:24AM Live |
A47.00012: Inhomogeneous distribution of stripe domains in La1.875 Ba0.125CuO4 Longlong Wu, Tadesse Assefa, Daniel Mazzone, Xiaojing Huang, Genda Gu, Claudio Mazzoli, Mark Dean, Ian Robinson Bragg geometry soft resonant X-ray ptychography was used to image the domain structure of the charge-density wave (CDW) “stripes” in the prototypical cuprate high-temperature superconductor, La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. A pinhole was scanned over the domains on resonance at the Cu L3 edge to produce overlapped coherent diffraction patterns which were used to reconstruct an image of the CDW domains. Clear inhomogeneities are revealed in the domain sizes over a sub-micron length scale, which is attributed to the pinning of the stripes to underlying twin domains in the parent crystal. The result was achieved with the high soft X-ray coherent flux available at 23-ID-2 (National Synchrotron Light Source II) combined with the high stability of the instrument. In the soft x-ray ptychography image, stripe domains are found to be slightly anisotropic in size and are inhomogeneously distributed in space with larger and smaller stripe domains being clustered together. We suggest that this behavior arises because of active nucleation and pinning of the stripe domains at twin domain walls introduced in the crystal lattice when it passes into its lower symmetry low-temperature orthorhombic phase. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 10:24AM - 10:36AM Live |
A47.00013: Electronic Structure of the Half-Vortex of a Pair-Density-Wave Superconductor Marcus Rosales, Eduardo Fradkin The existence of intertwined orders is one of the most significant characteristics of the cuprate high temperature superconductors and other strongly correlated superconducting materials. Of particular interest is the pair-density-wave (PDW) state in which CDW, SDW and superconducting orders are closely intertwined. In addition to conventional superconducting vortices, PDW superconductors also have novel half-vortices attached to CDW dislocations. Motivated by a recent STM experiment by Z. Du et al [Nature 580, 65 (2020)], we present results on the quasiparticle states of the PDW half-vortex both in the pure PDW state and in the state in which PDW order and uniform d-wave superconducting order coexist. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 10:36AM - 10:48AM Live |
A47.00014: Vanishing electronic nematic order beyond the quantum critical point in overdoped cuprate superconductors Naman Gupta, Christopher McMahon, Ronny Sutarto, Tianyu Shi, Rantong Gong, Haofei Wei, Kyle Shen, Feizhou He, Qianli Ma, Bruce Gaulin, David Geoffrey Hawthorn The cuprate high-temperature superconductors involve a complex interplay between different structural and electronic symmetry-breaking phases. In the last decade, rotational and translational symmetry-breaking phases -- electronic nematicity and density wave order -- have been established as generic and distinct features in the cuprate phase diagram using different probes. In this study, we employ resonant x-ray scattering in the cuprate high-temperature superconductor Nd-LSCO to probe the relationship between electronic nematicity of the Cu 3d orbitals and hole doping. In the vicinity of the putative pseudogap quantum critical point, we find evidence for a considerable decrease in the measure of electronic nematicity as the degree of orbital asymmetry is reduced. These results identify electronic nematicity as a possibility for the ordered phase responsible for the quantum critical point in overdoped cuprates. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 10:48AM - 11:00AM Live |
A47.00015: Dynamical charge density fluctuations in superconducting cuprate YBa2Cu3O6+x Mengze Zhu, Mirian Garcia-Fernnandez, Abhishek Nag, Ke-jin Zhou, Stephen Hayden Charge density wave (CDW) correlations are ubiquitous in hole-doped high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The role played by dynamical CDW fluctuations on the unconventional superconductivity and anomalous normal state properties is under heated debate. Here, we have studied the charge fluctuations in both normal and superconducting states of nearly optimally-doped Yba2Cu3O6+x using high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). In the normal state, we find that the charge response near QCDW can be described in the framework of fluctuations due the proximity of a quantum critical point. In addition, we have revealed strong momentum-dependent modification in the charge fluctuations as temperature is varied across Tc. While an abrupt reduction in the charge excitations is observed near Q = (0 0.16), there is a prominent enhancement of the dynamical charge density fluctuations near QCDW at 30 meV upon entering the superconducting state, in analogy to the magnetic "resonance" in the spin susceptibility measured by inelastic neutron scattering. Our results point to a close relationship between dynamical charge density correlations and superconductivity in high-Tc cuprates. |
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