Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2020; Denver, Colorado
Session G16: DQI Invited Session: Experimental Advances in Quantum Sensors and SensingInvited Undergrad Friendly
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Kater Murch, Washington University, St. Louis Room: 201 |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
G16.00001: Quantum metrology methods for dark matter searches Invited Speaker: Konrad Lehnert Can emerging quantum technologies speed up the search for dark matter? For the case of utlralight dark matter particles with rest mass energies of an meV or less, they can. In particular, laboratory searches for such hypothetical particles attempt to sense a persistent, oscillatory, and classical dark matter signal acting on a quantum harmonic oscillator. Not only can emerging quantum technologies measure the oscillator's motion at the quantum limit, but they can also circumvent that quantum noise in an inference of the classical signal. I will describe the particular case of axionic dark matter, in which superconducting quantum circuits can be used to search for dark matter at a rate exceeding the quantum-limited value. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
G16.00002: Correlating Surface Spectroscopy with Qubit Measurements to Systematically Eliminate Sources of Noise Invited Speaker: Nathalie De Leon The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond exhibits spin-dependent fluorescence and long spin coherence times under ambient conditions, enabling applications in quantum information processing and sensing. NV centers near the surface can have strong interactions with external materials and spins, enabling new forms of nanoscale spectroscopy. However, NV spin coherence degrades within 100 nanometers of the surface, suggesting that diamond surfaces are plagued with ubiquitous defects. Prior work on characterizing near-surface noise has primarily relied on using NV centers themselves as probes; while this has the advantage of exquisite sensitivity, it provides only indirect information about the origin of the noise. I will describe our recent efforts to use X-ray and photoelectron spectroscopies, diffraction techniques, and morphology characterization to understand sources of noise at the diamond surface. By correlating this spectroscopic data with single spin measurements, we have been able to devise new surface processing and termination techniques to stabilize shallow NV centers within 5 nm of the surface with coherence times exceeding 100 μs. Specifically, we are able to demonstrate reversible and reproducible control over the top layer of atoms. These highly coherent, shallow NV centers will provide a platform for sensing and imaging down to the scale of single atoms. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
G16.00003: Efficient readout for ensembles of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond Invited Speaker: Danielle Braje Spin defects in solids have emerged as promising platforms for a broad array of applications in quantum |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
G16.00004: Quantum Limits to the Energy Resolution of Field Sensors Invited Speaker: Morgan W Mitchell We describe a class of quantum sensing limits that – unlike the standard quantum limit and Heisenberg limit – make no reference to particle number. Rather, these “energy resolution limits” constrain the energy resolution per bandwidth, a figure of merit that combines the spatial, temporal, and field resolution in a single number with units of action. Interestingly, known energy resolution limits for dc-SQUIDS, NV centers in diamond, and rubidium atomic-vapor magnetometers converge on the Planck constant, suggesting a more universal limit. We evaluate possible origins of such a technology-spanning energy resolution limit, for example quantum speed limits. Finally, we describe a few newer technologies that are expected to give magnetic energy resolution beyond what is possible with today's highest-performing magnetic sensors. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
G16.00005: Precision atom interferometry with squeezed atomic states Invited Speaker: Mark Kasevich Recent advances in atom optics and atom interferometry have enabled observation of atomic de Broglie wave interference when atomic wavepackets are separated by distances exceeding 50 cm and times of 2 seconds. With further refinements, these methods may lead to meter-scale superpositions. In addition to providing new tests of quantum mechanics, these methods allow inertial force sensors of unprecedented sensitivity. We will describe methods demonstrated and results obtained in a 10 m atomic fountain configuration, their implications for technological applications in geodesy, and their relevance to fundamental studies in gravitational physics. We will describe how entangled atomic ensembles can be used to obtain further performance gains, following our demonstration of 18 dB measurement noise reduction using spin-squeezed atomic states. |
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