Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2018
Volume 63, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 5–9, 2018; Los Angeles, California
Session H32: FIAP-GMED Invited Session: Physics Impact on MedicineInvited
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Sponsoring Units: FIAP GMED Chair: Larry Nagahara, Johns Hopkins Univ Room: LACC 408A |
Tuesday, March 6, 2018 2:30PM - 3:06PM |
H32.00001: Nanostructure Embedded Substrates for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells Invited Speaker: Hsian-Rong Tseng Inspired by the nanoscale interactions observed in the tissue microenvironment, our research team at UCLA pioneered a unique concept of “NanoVelcro” cell-affinity substrates, in which capture agent-coated nanostructured substrates were utilized to immobilize Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) with high efficiency. The working mechanism of NanoVelcro cell-affinity substrates mimics that of Velcro: when the two fabric strips of a Velcro fastener are pressed together, tangling between the hairy surfaces on two strips leads to strong binding. Through continuous evolution, multiple generations of NanoVelcro CTC chips have been established to achieve different clinical utilities. In this presentation, I will summarize the continuous evolution of NanoVelcro CTC assays from the emergence of the original idea all the way to their applications in cancer research and oncology clinic. Our team believes that NanoVelcro CTC assays will lead the way for powerful and cost-efficient diagnostic platforms for researchers to better understand underlying disease mechanisms and for physicians to monitor real-time disease progression. |
Tuesday, March 6, 2018 3:06PM - 3:42PM |
H32.00002: Development of Wearable and Bedside Biophotonics Technologies for Personalized Health Invited Speaker: Bruce Tromberg Biophotonics technologies can be designed to provide quantitative, dynamic information about tissue structure and biochemical composition. Their impact spans from medical diagnostic and therapeutic devices to consumer-based wearable sensors. With advances in device miniaturization and high performance photonics components, the line between conventional medical instruments and consumer devices is becoming increasingly blurred. Health care economic pressures are further accelerating this ambiguity by shifting clinical attention from expensive disease treatments to strategies for cost-effective disease management and prevention. This talk introduces emerging Biophotonics technologies that are capable of characterizing tissue structure and biochemical composition spanning from micro- to macroscopic regimes. We will illustrate the power of both wearable and non-contact optical devices for assessing tissue functional parameters including: tissue blood, water and lipid content; tissue oxygenation and oxygen consumption, heart and respiration rate, and tissue blood flow.~Finally, we will consider projected trends in development that are expected to impact how we generate, access, and manage this complex information and improve outcomes for individual patients. |
Tuesday, March 6, 2018 3:42PM - 4:18PM |
H32.00003: Emerging Cancer Therapeutics Invited Speaker: Thomas Mackie The presentation will focus on technologies that are transforming traditional cancer therapies for surgical and radiation oncology. The high cost today of proton radiotherapy systems is due to the use of large gantries to direct the beams. Robotic techniques and novel immobilization systems can allow the beam to be fixed and an upright patient directed into the beam, thereby reducing cost. It turns out that there is medical benefit for lung cancer patients who should be treated in this fashion due to less normal lung tissue in the field and less lung motion when upright. Fluorescent guidance of vascular surgery has for several years been shown to be useful for breast reconstructive surgery. Several fluorescent agents tagged onto cancer seeking agents are at various phases of feasibility or clinical trials. One agent 5-ALA has been approved for gliomas. These agents have the potential to revolutionize cancer surgery by reducing the chance that the surgical margin is clean or to better justify radiation therapy if resection is not possible. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are ineffective when there are few antigens and infiltrating T-cells. Preclinical and clinical data demonstrate multiple immunogenic effects of radiation therapy. The same seeking agents used for fluorescent guided surgery may be instead radiolabeled providing sufficient radiation dose for increasing the number of anti-tumor T-cells and providing better response to ICIs leading to an “in situ vaccine”. |
Tuesday, March 6, 2018 4:18PM - 4:54PM |
H32.00004: MRI–guided focused ultrasound — revolution in patient care Invited Speaker: Kullervo Hynynen Focused ultrasound (FUS) provides means for localized delivery of mechanical energy deep into tissues with millimetre precision. When combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), FUS can be anatomically or functionally targeted and used to modify tissue function or to enhance delivery by releasing or activating intravenous drugs, imaging agents or even cells. The tissue interactions can be hugely enhanced when the exposures are combined with intravascular microbubbles that act as concentrators of ultrasound energy. In this talk, the progress in utilizing ultrasound phased array technology for thermal ablations and drug delivery will be reviewed. The clinical and technological progress, especially in the brain devices, will be reviewed and the further potential discussed. |
Tuesday, March 6, 2018 4:54PM - 5:30PM |
H32.00005: High-Resolution Imaging of Bone Health Invited Speaker: Wojciech Zbijewski Evaluation of bone composition and microstructure in-vivo in humans remains a major challenge for imaging technologies because of stringent requirements on quantitative accuracy and spatial resolution (100 μm or better for trabecular microarchitecture). Development of new in-vivo bone imaging systems needs to balance those requirements against the need to minimize the dose of ionizing radiation and maintain reasonable scan times. This talk will review recent advances in hardware and algorithms for quantitative assessment of bone health, primarily in the area of x-ray Cone-Beam CT using high-resolution CMOS x-ray detectors. Advanced analytical and Monte Carlo models to support computational optimization of imaging systems will be presented. The underlying algorithmic developments involve optimization-based reconstruction incorporating models of system blur and polyenergetic x-ray propagation, methods for compensation of distortions due to patient motion during scanning, and techniques for enhanced visualization and biomechanical analysis of microscopic features of skeletal anatomy. Examples of translation of the new imaging technologies to applications in early detection of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and monitoring of fractures will be discussed. |
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