Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2017
Volume 62, Number 4
Monday–Friday, March 13–17, 2017; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session Y24: Optomechanics with Fluids and SuperfluidsInvited
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Jack Harris, Yale University Room: New Orleans Theater C |
Friday, March 17, 2017 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
Y24.00001: Cavity Optical Spring Sensing Invited Speaker: Tao Lu Whispering gallery microcavities have been adopted nanodetection and biosensing for decades through the reactive sensing principle. That is, a nanoparticle changes the overall optical path length of the cavity, yielding a detectable shift of the cavity resonance wavelength. Such sensors are fundamentally limited by the thermal refractive noises to sub-femto-meter resolution. On the other hand, light delivered to a microcavity may exert strong optical force that can mechanically oscillate the cavity. Such effect, also known as cavity optomechanical oscillation, has been observed in an aqueous environment. The optomechanically quivering cavity can be approximated as a mechanical spring and an optical spring connected to a mass load in parallel. While particle sensing can be achieved by monitoring the mechanical oscillation frequency change due to the added mass to the oscillation mode, an orders-of-magnitude higher sensitivity can be achieved through the tuning of the optical spring constant. In particular, a nanoparticle landed on the cavity surface changes the cavity resonance through the reactive sensing principle, which transduces to the change of optical spring constant, yielding an amplified shift of mechanical oscillation frequency with noise suppressed. As a result, single Bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules were observed at a signal-to-noise ratio of 16.8. With incorporation of a plasmonic nanoantenna, ultimate detection limit down to single atoms are predicted. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 17, 2017 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
Y24.00002: Quantum optomechanics in a superfluid-filled cavity Invited Speaker: Jack Harris Coupling an optical cavity to a liquid can result in a range of phenomena that would not be readily accessible with solids. These phenomena may be related to the extreme compliance of a fluid's free surface, to the degrees of freedom that are unique to fluids (such as vortices), or to the fluid's various thermodynamic phases. Superfluid helium offers each of these, as well as other features that make it particularly well-suited to quantum optomechanics experiments: vanishing viscosity, negligible optical absorption, high thermal conductivity, and a liquid state that extends to T $=$ 0 K. We have recently studied high-finesse optical cavities that are filled with superfluid helium and cooled to below 100 mK. The cavity mirrors serve to confine both light waves and the helium's density waves, resulting in optical modes that have near-perfect overlap with the acoustic modes. This maximizes the optomechanical coupling between the two and provides a highly efficient readout of the acoustic mode's fluctuations. We show that the Stokes and anti-Stokes light scattered by these fluctuations reveal features associated with quantum optomechanical effects - in particular the acoustic mode's zero-point motion, and the quantum back-action of the optical readout. These phenomena are fairly well-studied in solid-based optomechanical systems, but have not been observed previously in liquids. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 17, 2017 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
Y24.00003: Probing the dynamics of two dimensional superfluids with cavity optomechanics. Invited Speaker: Warwick Bowen Two dimensional superfluids exhibit a rich range of thermodynamical and quantum behavior, from quantum vortices and turbulence to two dimensional phase transitions. In this talk I will introduce a new approach to probe this physics based on the evanescent interaction between a few-nanometer-thick superfluid helium film and an optical whispering gallery mode microcavity. This enables both sound waves and vortices to be confined to areas four orders of magnitude smaller than has previously been possible in two dimensional superfluid helium, in conjunction with precision optical read-out of the superfluid motion. The increased confinement results in enhanced interactions between the sound waves and both light and vortices. This allows the observation and cooling of thermomechanical fluctuations of superfluid sound waves [1], as well as probing of nonequilibrium vortex dynamics and phonon-vortex interactions. The ability to probe excitations in real time may provide a new approach towards understanding the microscopic behaviour of superfluids, including quantum turbulence, quantum vortices, and two dimensional phenomena such as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Furthermore, our results present a step towards quantum optomechanics with superfluid films, with the prospect for strong optomechanical coupling [2], femto- to pico-gram effective mass, high mechanical quality factor and strong phonon-phonon interactions. This could potentially enable the realization of macroscopic non-classical states of a superfluid, optomechanics with quantized vortices, and applications in superfluid force and inertial sensing. Other contributors: Glen Harris, David McAuslan, Christopher Baker, Yauhen Sachkou, Xin He and Eoin Sheridan [1] G. I. Harris \textit{et al}, Nature Physics \textbf{12}, 788\textunderscore 793 (2016); D. L. McAuslan, PRX \textbf{6}, 021012 (2016). [2] C. G. Baker \textit{et al}, arXiv:1609.07265 (2016). [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 17, 2017 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
Y24.00004: Ripplon Laser Invited Speaker: Tal Carmon |
Friday, March 17, 2017 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
Y24.00005: Control of nano-optomechanical resonators in liquids Invited Speaker: Ivan Favero |
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