Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2017
Volume 62, Number 4
Monday–Friday, March 13–17, 2017; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session R34: Nanostructures and MetamaterialsFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DMP DCMP Chair: Xiaoquin (Elaine) Li, University of Texas Room: 297 |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
R34.00001: Generation of broadband beam splitter by binary geometrical phase on metasurface Xiang Xiong One important optical component in photonics research is beam splitter (BS) which can change an incident beam into two or more. A BS is usually made of a cube by two glass prisms glued together with transparent resin. The thickness of the resin layer is used to adjust the power splitting ratio for a certain wavelength range. In modern optics, beams with exactly identical intensity and exactly the same polarization status is often required in order to investigate some fundamental quantum phenomena, such as quantum superposition and quantum randomness. However, practically isocratic beam splitting is not easy to create. In particular, with traditional approach even though sometime isocratic beam splitting can be managed at certain wavelength, a broadband functionality remains challenging. In this work, we realize a broadband beam splitter with metallic double-bar assembly structures. It has been experimentally realized that with this structure, a linearly polarized incident beam is manipulated and split to a pair of coherent beams in a broadband frequency. The coherent beams possess the same amplitude, frequency and polarization. Our designing provides a unique approach in realizing beam splitter function and can be applied in integrated optics. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
R34.00002: Multiple optical resonances in subwavelength silicon-related nanostructures Wen-Bo Shi, Zhi-Yong Jia, Ren-Hao Fan, Ru-Wen Peng, Mu Wang In this work, we have studied multiple optical resonances in silicon-related nanostructures. Firstly, we show that quantum efficiency can be significantly enhanced in an ultra-thin silicon solar cell coated by a fractal-like pattern with various optical modes excited including cavity and SP modes. In the second, we design thin-film silicon solar cell sandwiched by trapezoidal surface and silver grating. As multiple resonance modes are excited, broadband light can be efficiently trapped and absorbed. Furthermore, by coupling silicon nanocylinders, hybrid resonant modes are formed thus a broadband scattering response is achieved. We also demonstrate the existence of dual Fano resonances in a silicon nanodimer, which result from dipole coupling. The investigations provide unique designs for high-performance solar cells of thin-film silicon and silicon-based broadband nanoantennas and nanosensors. References: L. H. Zhu, M. R. Shao, R.W. Peng, \textit{et al}\textsc{. }Optics Express\textsc{, 21, A313 (2013);} W. B. Shi, R. H. Fan , R.W. Peng \textit{et al} J. Appl. Phys. 117, 065104 (2015); C. Wang, Z. Y. Jia, R. W. Peng,\textit{ et al} J. Appl. Phys. 115, 244312 (2014). Z. Y. Jia, J. N. Li, R. W. Peng, \textit{et al.} J. Appl. Phys. 119, 074302 (2016). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
R34.00003: Highly Efficient, All-Dielectric Huygens Metasurfaces Adam Ollanik, Nick Farrar-Foley, Jake Smith, Matthew Escarra Demonstration of the control of light by the introduction of abrupt phase discontinuities across a subwavelength scale has opened the doors to a new level of wavefront control. All-dielectric Huygens metasurfaces hold significant promise due to their dramatically improved efficiency over plasmonic approaches. We present the successful design, computational modeling, and experimental realization of all-dielectric transmissive Huygens metasurfaces capable of deflection efficiency \textgreater 90{\%}. Dielectric Huygens sources, taking advantage of spectrally aligned electric and magnetic dipole resonances, are capable of tunable phase delay for transmitted light with near unity efficiency of forward scattering. Using ellipsoidal cylinder nanoantennas, we are able to manipulate the phase response and engineer a metasurface with a spatially gradient phase profile. Through careful design and optimization we mitigate the effects of inter-antenna coupling. We have designed and modeled metasurfaces demonstrating anomalous refraction with very high efficiency (\textgreater 80{\%}) for wavelength bands from the UV to the near-IR. These surfaces were designed using three distinct nanoantenna materials, Si, TiO$_{2}$, and GaP, to demonstrate the flexibility of the technique. Experimentally, Si nanoantennas are fabricated using a combination of electron beam lithography and ICP/RIE-etching. Metasurfaces are characterized using a goniospectrometer capable of mapping light intensity on a cylindrical shell surrounding the metasurface. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
R34.00004: Linear and nonlinear optical properties of large-area, sub-nanometer gap metasurfaces Jake Fontana, Melissa Maldonado, Nicholas Charipar, Scott Trammell, Rafaela Nita, Jawad Naciri, Alberto Pique, Banahalli Ratna, Anderson Gomes Emerging dispersion engineering technologies require accurate knowledge of the index of refraction. Furthermore, assembly approaches are needed with nanometer scale resolution while simultaneously providing high-throughput for device realization. Here, we created centimeter-scale area metasurfaces consisting of a quasi-hexagonally close packed monolayer of gold nanospheres capped with alkanethiol ligands on glass substrates. We show these metasurfaces, with interparticle gaps of 0.6 nm, are modeled well using a classical (without charge transfer) description, since ambiguities exist in the literature. We find a large dispersion of linear refractive index, ranging from values less than vacuum, 0.87 at 600 nm, to Germanium-like values of 4.1 at 880 nm, determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Nonlinear optical characterization was carried out using femtosecond Z-scan and we observe saturation behavior of the nonlinear absorption and refraction. We find a negative nonlinear refraction from these metasurfaces two orders of magnitude larger than previous reports on gold nanostructures at similar femtosecond time scales. We also find the magnitude of the nonlinear absorption comparable to the largest values reported. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
R34.00005: Directed-assembled multi-band moir\'{e} plasmonic metasurfaces Maruthi Nagavalli Yogeesh, Zilong Wu, Wei Li, Deji Akinwande, Yuebing Zheng With the large number of component sets and high rotational symmetry, plasmonic metamaterials with moir\'{e} patterns can support multiple plasmonic modes for multi-functional applications. Herein, we introduce moir\'{e} plasmonic metasurfaces using both gold and graphene, by a recently developed directed-assembled method known as moir\'{e} nanosphere lithography (MNSL). The graphene moir\'{e} metasurfaces show multiple and tunable resonance modes in the mid-infrared wavelength regime. The number and wavelength of the resonance modes can be tuned by controlling the moir\'{e} patterns, which can be easily achieved by changing the relative in-plane rotation angle during MNSL. Furthermore, we have designed a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) patch structure with a thin Au moir\'{e} metasurface layer and an optically thick Au layer separated by a dielectric spacer layer. Benefiting from the combination of moir\'{e} patterns and field enhancement from the MIM configuration, the moir\'{e} metasurface patch exhibits strong broadband absorption in the NIR (\textasciitilde 1.3 $\mu $m) and MIR (\textasciitilde 5 $\mu $m) range. The dual-band optical responses make moir\'{e} metasurface patch a multi-functional platform for surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy, optical capture and patterning of bacteria, and photothermal denaturation of proteins. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
R34.00006: Versatility of Antireflection using Low- loss Metasurface . Khagendra Bhattarai, Zahyun Ku, Jiangfeng Zhou Conventional thin-film antireflection (AR) coating has problems due to the unavailability of the specific film material at the specific wavelength and also fabrication difficulty specifically at THz regime where very thick film is required. We develop a versatile technique to get low loss antireflection by depositing a metallic resonator on the top of conventional dielectric coating. The flexibility of changing the resonance of the resonator by changing its size, make it flexible to use at any desired wavelength with significantly decreased thickness. Since the resonance of the resonator is far from the anti-reflection resonance, possible loss originated from its resonance is nearly zero at the anti-reflection region. With an improved retrieval method, the metasurface is proved to exhibit a high effective permittivity ($\varepsilon_{eff\, }\approx $ 20) and extremely low loss (tan$\delta \approx $ 0.005). A classical thin-film AR coating mechanism is identified through analytical derivations and numerical simulations. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
R34.00007: Manipulation of Terahertz Wavefront with Magnetically Tunable Metasurface Yongzheng Wen, Ji Zhou Recently, numerous researches have proved the electromagnetic properties of the metasurface can be externally tuned with optical, electrical and thermal signals. The effect of magnetostatic field on the metasurface, however, is relatively lack of study. Here, a metasurface potentially capable of manipulating the wavefront of terahertz (THz) wave with the external magnetostatic field is proposed, which consists of the doped InAs cut-wire resonator with large Hall coefficient. With the external magnetic field varying from 0Gs to 3000Gs, the simulated resonant frequency of the metasurface shifts from 2.25THz to 1.87THz, and the phase increases from -181° to -89° at 2THz. With proper distribution of the megnetostatic field, the phase of the transmitted THz wave can thus be spatially configured, leading to effective manipulation of THz wavefront. With the same illuminance of a plane wave at 2THz, the metasurface distributed with linear-like magnetic field bends the THz wave to an angle about 10°, while the one with the hyperbolic-like distribution focuses the plane wave with the focal length of 0.5mm. The simulations perfectly verify the proposed magnetic manipulation of THz wavefront with the metasurface. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
R34.00008: Metasurface route to quantum state engineering Pankaj Jha, Nir Shitrit, Jeongmin Kim, Xuexin Ren, Yuan Wang, Xiang Zhang Quantum state engineering aims at meticulous preparation, control and manipulation of the quantum states of an atom, photon, etc. It has emerged as a key tool for quantum technology including sensing and metrology. Here we propose and theoretically demonstrate a novel platform for on-chip quantum state engineering by harnessing the exceptional light-manipulation capabilities of a metasurface. We demonstrate robust generation of entanglement between two qubits by engineering their coherent and dissipative interactions via a judiciously designed metasurface. Our proposal opens a new paradigm for quantum technology by integrating high-end custom-designed ultrathin optical elements in atom chips. Furthermore, it may also enable optical control of quantum many-body correlations. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
R34.00009: Abstract Withdrawn
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Thursday, March 16, 2017 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
R34.00010: Flat and conformal optics with dielectric metasurfaces Invited Speaker: Andrei Faraon Flat optical devices based on lithographically patterned sub-wavelength dielectric nano-structures provide precise control over optical wavefronts, and thus promise to revolutionize the field of free-space optics. I discuss our work on metasurfaces composed of high-index nano-posts supported by transparent substrates. Complete control of both phase and polarization is achieved at the level of single nano-post. Using this nano-post platform, we demonstrate lenses, waveplates, polarizers, arbitrary beam splitters and holograms. Devices providing multiple functionalities, like simultaneous polarization beam splitting and focusing are implemented. By embedding the metasurfaces in flexible substrates, conformal optical devices that decouple the geometrical shape and optical function are shown. Multiple flat optical elements are integrated in optical systems such as planar retro-reflectors and Fourier lens systems with applications in ultra-compact imaging systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
R34.00011: Fabrication of Gold-coated 3-D Woodpile Structures for Mid-IR Thermal Emitters Shengkai Li, Amir Moridani, Rohit Kothari, Jae-Hwang Lee, James Watkins 3-D metallic woodpile nanostructures possess enhancements in thermal radiation that are both wavelength and polarization specific and are promising for thermal-optical devices for various applications including thermal photovoltaics, self-cooling devices, and chemical and bio-sensors. However, current fabrication techniques for such structures are limited by slow speed, small area capability, the need for expensive facilities and, in general, are not suitable for high-throughput mass production. Here we demonstrate a new strategy for the fabrication of 3D metallic woodpile structures. Well-defined TiO2 woodpile structures were fabricated using a layer-by-layer nanoimprint method using TiO2 nanoparticle ink dispersions. The TiO2 woodpile was then coated with a high purity, conformal gold film via reactive deposition in supercritical carbon dioxide. The final gold-coated woodpile structures exhibit strong spectral and polarization specific thermal emission enhancements. The fabrication method demonstrated here is promising for high-throughput, low-cost preparation of 3D metallic woodpile structures and other 3D nanostructures. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 10:36AM - 10:48AM |
R34.00012: Near-field nano-imaging and nano-spectroscopy of Percolating Thin Gold Films Xinzhong Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Ziheng Yao, Stephanie Gilbert Corder, Matthew Sheinman, Hans Bechtel, Michael Martin, Mengkun Liu, Larry Carr We investigated the infrared (IR) properties of percolating thin gold films on sapphire substrate at macro- and mesoscopic scale. Using scattering type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM), ultra-broadband infrared nano-spectroscopy (ALS SINS), and infrared far-field spectroscopy, we performed a systematic study of the global and local IR spectrum of \textasciitilde 30 nm gold films at 3-25 \textmu m range. The inhomogeneous gold films below or above percolation threshold exhibit distinct DC, IR far-field, and IR near-field responses. We discuss in details the correlation between the degree of percolation and the infrared near-field properties of the films. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 16, 2017 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
R34.00013: Plasmogalvanic Effects due to Spin Angular Momentum of Plasmons Maxim Durach, Natalia Noginova Plasmon drag effect (PLDE) and plasmogalvanic effect (PLGE) are important for numerous applications ranging from coupling of plasmonic and electronic components in a new generation circuitry to electronic detection and sensing of optical signals. They are interesting from the fundamental point of view as a manifestation of momentum and energy transfer in light-matter interactions. Developing the approach of Refs. [1,2], we predict torque applied to metal plasma due to absorption of spin angular momentum (SAM) of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which contributes and modifies PLDE and PLGE in metal nanostructures. This torque is related to the Lorentz force acting on metal electrons in the fields of SPPs found earlier in Ref. [1] and to the PLGE contributions into PLDE predicted in the profile-modulated films in Ref. [2]. As a particular case, we consider the SAM transfer in flat metal films and show that account for torque is necessary even for this simple geometry, since it leads to considerable redistribution of linear momentum transfer in propagating SPPs towards the metal surface. References: [1] M. Durach, A. Rusina, M. I. Stockman, Phys. Rev. Lett 103, 186801 (2009); [2] M. Durach, N. Noginova, Phys. Rev. B 93, 161406 (2016). [Preview Abstract] |
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