Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2017
Volume 62, Number 4
Monday–Friday, March 13–17, 2017; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session L24: Frontiers in Theory: Joint DCMP/DCOMP/GSNP Prize SessionInvited Prize/Award
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP GSNP DCOMP Chair: Andy Millis, Columbia University Room: New Orleans Theater C |
Wednesday, March 15, 2017 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
L24.00001: On the solution of the Kondo Problem Invited Speaker: Natan Andrei The Kondo model, first written down in the early 1950s, describes the antiferromagnetic interaction of a local spin-1/2 impurity, typically a magnetic moment, with a Fermi sea, typically the conduction band in a metal. It is a prototype example of a many body system where non-perturbative effects give rise to new phenomena -- the screening of the impurity spin and the growth of scattering strength at low energy scales, closely akin to quark confinement. The Kondo model and the physics of local magnetic moments in metals were extensively studied in the 60's and 70's by experimentalists and theorists. After Kondo showed the failure of perturbation theory, the unsolved ``Kondo Problem'' gained great interest in condensed matter theory. Later, Anderson and Yuval introduced the idea of Scaling, Wilson carried out the first NRG (Numerical Renormalization Group) analysis showing a crossover from weak to strong coupling regime as the temperature is lowered and Nozi\`{e}res gave a simple characterization of the strong coupling physics. In this talk I shall describe some of the history, the motivation and thought processes that led to the construction of an exact solution of the model by means of a Bethe Ansatz and show how the previous work fits beautifully into this exact framework. I'll also talk briefly how today, the Kondo model is providing a new perspective on non-equilibrium many body physics. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 15, 2017 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
L24.00002: Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize: Quantum-topological phases of matter Invited Speaker: Xiao-Gang Wen For a long time, we thought that symmetry breaking patterns describe all phases and phase transitions. The featureless disordered liquids correspond to trivial phase. But in fact disordered liquids have very rich features, with amazing emergent phenomena, such as fractional quantum numbers, fractional and non-abelian statistics, perfect conducting boundary even in presence of magnetic impurities, etc. All those are due to many-body entanglement. In this talk, I will first discuss topological phases that have topological order (ie with long range entanglement). Then I will cover topological phases that have no topological order (ie with only short-range entanglement). I will stress on how to understand and describe many-body entanglement, which is a very new phenomenon. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 15, 2017 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
L24.00003: Hydrodynamics of Onsager’s vortex flow and fractional quantum Hall effect Invited Speaker: Paul Wiegmann Turbulent flows of incompressible liquid in two dimensions are comprised of dense systems of vortices. In 1949 Onsager suggested to treat vortices as a macroscopical system whose statistical properties are described by Gibbsian statistical ensemble [1]. In the talk I address hydrodynamics of the vortex fluid. The hydrodynamics of the vortex fluid is different from Euler hydrodynamics of the original fluid. It features the anomalous stress absent in Euler's hydrodynamics, which yields a number of interesting effects. Some of them are: a deflection of stream lines, a correction to the Bernoulli law, accumulation of vortices in regions with high curvature in the curved space.\\ \\Remarkably, that the hydrodynamics of vortex flows is identical to that of electronic fluid in the fractional quantum Hall regime (FQHE). I will elaborate a deep relation between two seemingly unrelated subjects.\\ \\$[1]$ L. Onsager, Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 6, 249, 279 (1949) [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 15, 2017 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
L24.00004: Rahman Prize Lecture: Lattice Boltzmann simulation of complex states of flowing matter Invited Speaker: Sauro Succi Over the last three decades, the Lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has gained a prominent role in the numerical simulation of complex flows across an impressively broad range of scales, from fully-developed turbulence in real-life geometries, to multiphase flows in micro-fluidic devices, all the way down to biopolymer translocation in nanopores and lately, even quark-gluon plasmas. After a brief introduction to the main ideas behind the LB method and its historical developments, we shall present a few selected applications to complex flow problems at various scales of motion. Finally, we shall discuss prospects for extreme-scale LB simulations of outstanding problems in the physics of fluids and its interfaces with material sciences and biology, such as the modelling of fluid turbulence, the optimal design of nanoporous gold catalysts and protein folding/aggregation in crowded environments. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 15, 2017 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
L24.00005: Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize: Emergent gravity from interacting Majorana modes Invited Speaker: Alexei Kitaev I will describe a concrete many-body Hamiltonian that exhibits some features of a quantum black hole. The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model is a system of $N\gg1$ Majorana modes that are all coupled by random 4-th order terms. The problem admits an approximate dynamic mean field solution. At low temperatures, there is a fluctuating collective mode that corresponds to reparametrization of time. The effective action for this mode is equivalent to dilaton gravity in two space-time dimensions. Some important questions are how to quantize the reparametrization mode in Lorentzian time, include dissipative effects, and understand this system from the quantum information perspective. [Preview Abstract] |
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