Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2015
Volume 60, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2015; San Antonio, Texas
Session Z3: Invited Session: Thermodynamics of Information Processing |
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Sponsoring Units: GSNP Chair: Massimiliano Esposito, University of Luxembourg Room: 002AB |
Friday, March 6, 2015 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
Z3.00001: Stochastic thermodynamics of information processing Invited Speaker: Andre Cardoso Barato We consider two recent advancements on theoretical aspects of thermodynamics of information processing. First we show that the theory of stochastic thermodynamics can be generalized to include information reservoirs. These reservoirs can be seen as a sequence of bits which has its Shannon entropy changed due to the interaction with the system. Second we discuss bipartite systems, which provide a convenient description of Maxwell's demon. Analyzing a special class of bipartite systems we show that they can be used to study cellular information processing, allowing for the definition of an entropic rate that quantifies how much a cell learns about a fluctuating external environment and that is bounded by the thermodynamic entropy production. Refs: [1] A. C. Barato and U. Seifert, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 090601 (2014); [2] A. C. Barato and U. Seifert, Phys. Rev. E 90, 042150 (2014); [3] A. C. Barato, D. Hartich, and U. Seifert, New J. Phys. 16, 103024 (2014). [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
Z3.00002: High-Precision Test of Landauer's Principle in a Feedback Trap Invited Speaker: John Bechhoefer Landauer's principle, formulated in 1961, postulates that irreversible logical or computational operations such as memory erasure require work, no matter how slowly they are performed. For example, to ``reset to one'' a one-bit memory requires at least kT ln2 of work, which is dissipated as heat. Bennett and, independently, Penrose later pointed out a link to Maxwell's Demon: Were Landauer's principle to fail, it would be possible to repeatedly extract work from a heat bath. We report tests of Landauer's principle in an experimental system consisting of a charged colloidal particle in water. To test stochastic thermodynamic ideas, we create a time-dependent, ``virtual'' double-well potential via a feedback loop that is much faster than the relaxation time of the particle in the virtual potential. In a first experiment, the probability of ``erasure'' (resetting to one) is unity, and at long cycle times, we observe that the average work is compatible with $kT$ ln2. In a second, the probability of erasure is zero; the system may end up in two states; and, at long cycle times, the average measured work tends to zero. In individual cycles, the work to erase can be below the Landauer limit, consistent with the Jarzynski equality. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
Z3.00003: Information Processing and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: An Inclusive Hamiltonian Approach. Invited Speaker: Sebastian Deffner We obtain generalizations of the Kelvin-Planck, Clausius, and Carnot statements of the second law of thermodynamics for situations involving information processing. To this end, we consider an information reservoir (representing, e.g., a memory device) alongside the heat and work reservoirs that appear in traditional thermodynamic analyses. We derive our results within an inclusive framework in which all participating elements -- the system or device of interest, together with the heat, work, and information reservoirs -- are modeled explicitly by a time-independent, classical Hamiltonian. We place particular emphasis on the limits and assumptions under which cyclic motion of the device of interest emerges from its interactions with work, heat, and information reservoirs. Finally, our findings are illustrated with a simple, analytically solvable example -- a quantum Maxwell demon. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
Z3.00004: Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Systems with Feedback Control Invited Speaker: Takahiro Sagawa In modern nonequilibrium physics, ``Maxwell's demon'' has attracted renewed attentions in both terms of theory and experiment. The demon plays a key role to unify thermodynamics and information theory, which can extract the useful work from a heat bath by using the obtained information via feedback control. In this talk, I will talk about the recent development of thermodynamics of information. In particular, I will focus on the generalizations of the second law of thermodynamics and the Jarzynski equality in the presence of feedback control, where information contents and thermodynamic quantities are treated on an equal footing. I will also discuss recent experimental results that realized Maxwell's demon by colloidal particles and single electrons. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
Z3.00005: Information and thermodynamics: Experimental verification of Landauer's erasure principle Invited Speaker: Sergio Ciliberto Rolf Landauer argued that the erasure of information is a dissipative process. A minimal quantity of heat, proportional to the thermal energy, is necessarily produced when a classical bit of information is deleted. A direct consequence of this logically irreversible transformation is that the entropy of the environment increases unavoidably by a finite amount. We experimentally show the existence of the Landauer bound in a generic model of a one-bit memory. Using a system of a single colloidal particle trapped in a modulated double-well potential, we establish that the mean dissipated heat saturates at the Landauer bound in the limit of long erasure cycles. This result demonstrates the intimate link between information theory and thermodynamics. For a memory erasure procedure, which is a logically irreversible operation, a detailed Jarzynski Equality is verified, retrieving the [Preview Abstract] |
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