Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2015
Volume 60, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2015; San Antonio, Texas
Session Y39: Superconducting Cavities and Resonators |
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Sponsoring Units: GQI Chair: Jose Aumentado, NIST Room: 213AB |
Friday, March 6, 2015 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
Y39.00001: Microwave mode structure of superconducting metamaterial resonators Haozhi Wang, Francisco Rouxinol, Matthew LaHaye, Britton Plourde Arrays of lumped circuit elements can be used to form metamaterial resonant structures that exhibit novel behavior compared to resonators made from conventional distributed transmission lines. By engineering the parameters and configurations of the lumped elements composing the unit cell of such a metamaterial resonator, one can generate spectra with wide stop-bands as well as pass-bands with dense microwave modes. If the metamaterials are fabricated from superconducting traces, the losses can be low enough to allow for these dense modes to be resolved and potentially coupled to quantum systems, such as superconducting qubits. We will present our low-temperature measurements of a variety of superconducting metamaterial resonators and we will compare these with numerical simulations of the microwave properties. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
Y39.00002: Lattice waveguide QED: many-body interactions by dissipation Baptiste Royer, Kevin Lalumi\`ere, Arne Grimsmo, Alexandre Blais In waveguide QED, superconducting qubits acting as artificial atoms are coupled to a 1D superconducting transmission line playing the role of common bath for the qubits. By controlling their effective separation, it is possible to engineer various types of dissipation-induced interactions between the qubits. In this talk, we consider the situation where multiple superconducting qubits are coupled to a lattice of~superconducting transmission lines. Depending on the choice of lattice, the qubits exhibit a rich variety of interactions. We present a Markovian master equation framework to describe these systems, and discuss results obtained for simple lattices. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
Y39.00003: Universal Control of an Oscillator with Dispersive Coupling to a Qubit Stefan I. Krastanov, Chao Shen, Victor V. Albert, Reinier W. Heeres, Brian M. Vlastakis, Robert J. Schoelkopf, Liang Jiang We investigate quantum control of an oscillator mode that dispersively couples to an ancillary qubit. In the strong dispersive regime we can drive the qubit conditioned on the selected number states of the oscillator, which enables selective number-dependent arbitrary phase (SNAP) operation and universal control of the oscillator. Based on our proof of universal control, we provide explicit constructions for arbitrary state preparation and arbitrary unitary operation of the oscillator. Moreover, we present an efficient procedure to prepare the number state $\left|n\right\rangle $ using only $O\left(\sqrt{n}\right)$ operations. We also compare our scheme with known quantum control protocols for coupled qubit-oscillator systems. We point out that this universal control scheme of the oscillator can be readily implemented using superconducting circuits. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
Y39.00004: A Quasi-3D, Purcell-Filtered Hardware Module for Quantum Information C. Axline, M. Reagor, K. Shain, P. Reinhold, T. Brecht, E. Holland, C. Wang, R. Heeres, L. Frunzio, R.J. Schoelkopf The advent of 3D circuit quantum electrodynamics has provided an ultra-low-loss environment for superconducting qubits, boosting qubit coherences above 100 microseconds and linear resonator lifetimes above 10 milliseconds. Planar devices, however, allow lithographic control of parameters and suggest greater scalability. We have developed a single-chip, seamless-cavity architecture that answers the call[1] for a modular computational element, comprising 3D transmon, fast, Purcell-filtered readout, and long-lived storage cavity. This design incorporates advantages of both 2D and 3D architectures. It also serves as a novel testbed for qubit loss mechanisms, as resonator and qubit modes have similar material participations. Initial results---T1 and T2 comparable to the best 3D transmons---shift blame away from the metal-substrate interfaces widely considered to be the limiting loss channel in current-generation transmons, and further experiments using this system will probe these losses more carefully. We propose several modifications and extensions to these modules, both to miniaturize the design and to build more sophisticated quantum systems. [1] M. H. Devoret and R. J. Schoelkopf, Science 8 March 2013: 339 (6124), 1169-1174. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
Y39.00005: Cavity state manipulation using a dispersively coupled qubit Reinier Heeres, Brian Vlastakis, Eric Holland, Stefan Krastanov, Victor V. Albert, Chao Shen, Liang Jiang, Robert Schoelkopf The large available Hilbert space and high coherence of cavity resonators makes them an interesting resource in quantum information processing. For example, several schemes exist to encode a logical qubit in such a harmonic oscillator in a way that would be protected against certain kinds of errors. Here we demonstrate a method to manipulate a cavity state using a far off-resonantly coupled qubit, using only linear controls and a gate we call the Selective Number Arbitrary Phase (SNAP) gate. This gate allows to impart an arbitrary phase on each Fock-state component of the cavity. We show how we can use these tools to correct for the effects of Kerr-evolution as well as how to create a single-photon Fock state. Our scheme can be generalized to arbitrary cavity state creation and even allows to construct arbitrary unitary operators to give universal control of the oscillator. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
Y39.00006: Quantum dynamics of an electromagnetic mode that cannot contain N photons Emmanuel Flurin, Landry Bretheau, Philippe Campagne, Fran\c{c}ois Mallet, Benjamin Huard Electromagnetic modes are instrumental for realizing quantum physics experiments and building quantum machines. In this experiment, we demonstrate a new way to manipulate these modes by effectively controlling their phase space. By preventing access to a single energy level, the dynamics of the field is dramatically changed. Here, it was possible to keep the mode from containing a number of photons N, which was arbitrarily chosen between 2 and 5. Under this constraint, and starting in its ground state, a resonantly driven mode is confined to levels 0 to N-1. The level occupation is then found to oscillate in time, similarly to an N-level system. Performing a direct Wigner tomography of the field reveals its non-classical features. In particular, at half period in the evolution, it resembles a ``Schr\"odinger cat state.'' This fine control of the field in its phase space enables innovative applications in quantum information and metrology. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
Y39.00007: Exploration of sapphire whispering gallery mode resonator crystals for use as a quantum computing memory Adam Sirois, Manuel Castellanos-Beltran, Daniel Creedon, Raymond Simmonds, John Teufel, Michael Tobar, Jose Aumentado Sapphire whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are a known to support multiple, high-quality factor modes in a compact volume at microwave frequencies. In this talk we demonstrate the ability to parametrically couple whispering gallery modes by use of a Josephson-junction-based coupling element. In this manner we implement a `storage and retrieval' protocol which may be useful for storing several complex microwave quantum states in small volumes. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
Y39.00008: Fabrication of transmon qubits embedded in superconducting whispering gallery mode resonators K. Serniak, Z.K. Minev, I.M. Pop, L. Frunzio, R.J. Schoelkopf, M.H. Devoret Superconducting whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs) can confine up to 98{\%} of two high quality modes in lossless vacuum [APL 103, 142604]. We have fabricated new WGMR-based devices using standard lithography techniques and in which transmon qubits were integrated. The advantages of this transmon-resonator configuration are i) the possibility to perform a targeted study of thin-film quality factor across different methods and steps of fabrication and ii) precise control of the Hamiltonian parameters. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
Y39.00009: Coherences of transmon qubits embedded in superconducting whispering gallery mode resonators Z.K. Minev, K. Serniak, Ioan Pop, Z. Leghtas, K. Sliwa, L. Frunzio, R. Schoelkopf, Michel Devoret We describe the design and measurement of a planar uperconducting two-resonator one-qubit device. The two resonators are realized in a hardware-efficient way by the differential modes of a superconducting whispering gallery mode resonator [APL 103, 142604]. This device forms an integrated basis for a quantum memory [New J. Phys. 16, 045014 2014]. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
Y39.00010: Engineering non-linear resonator mode interactions in circuit QED by continuous driving: Introduction Wolfgang Pfaff, Matthew Reagor, Reinier Heeres, Nissim Ofek, Kevin Chou, Jacob Blumoff, Zaki Leghtas, Steven Touzard, Katrina Sliwa, Eric Holland, Stefan Krastanov, Luigi Frunzio, Michel Devoret, Liang Jiang, Robert Schoelkopf High-Q microwave resonators show great promise for storing and manipulating quantum states in circuit QED. Using resonator modes as such a resource in quantum information processing applications requires the ability to manipulate the state of a resonator efficiently. Further, one must engineer appropriate coupling channels without spoiling the coherence properties of the resonator. We present an architecture that combines millisecond lifetimes for photonic quantum states stored in a linear resonator with fast measurement provided by a low-Q readout resonator. We demonstrate experimentally how a continuous drive on a transmon can be utilized to generate highly non-classical photonic states inside the high-Q resonator via effective nonlinear resonator mode interactions. Our approach opens new avenues for using modes of long-lived linear resonators in the circuit QED platform for quantum information processing tasks. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
Y39.00011: Engineering non-linear resonator mode interactions in circuit QED by continuous driving: Manipulation of a photonic quantum memory Matthew Reagor, Wolfgang Pfaff, Reinier Heeres, Nissim Ofek, Kevin Chou, Jacob Blumoff, Zaki Leghtas, Steven Touzard, Katrina Sliwa, Eric Holland, Victor V. Albert, Luigi Frunzio, Michel H. Devoret, Liang Jiang, Robert J. Schoelkopf Recent advances in circuit QED have shown great potential for using microwave resonators as quantum memories. In particular, it is possible to encode the state of a quantum bit in non-classical photonic states inside a high-Q linear resonator. An outstanding challenge is to perform controlled operations on such a photonic state. We demonstrate experimentally how a continuous drive on a transmon qubit coupled to a high-Q storage resonator can be used to induce non-linear dynamics of the resonator. Tailoring the drive properties allows us to cancel or enhance non-linearities in the system such that we can manipulate the state stored in the cavity. This approach can be used to either counteract undesirable evolution due to the bare Hamiltonian of the system or, ultimately, to perform logical operations on the state encoded in the cavity field. Our method provides a promising pathway towards performing universal control for quantum states stored in high-coherence resonators in the circuit QED platform. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
Y39.00012: Demonstrating real-time feedback that enhances the performance of measurement sequence with cat states in a cavity N. Ofek, A. Petrenko, Y. Liu, B. Vlastakis, L. Sun, Z. Leghtas, R. Heeres, K.M. Sliwa, M. Mirrahimi, L. Jiang, M.H. Devoret, R.J. Schoelkopf Real-time feedback offers not just the convenience of streamlined data acquisition, but is an essential element in any quantum computational architecture that requires branching based on measurement outcomes. State-preparation, mitigating the effects of qubit decoherence, and recording the trajectories of quantum systems are just a few of the many potential applications of real-time feedback. Photon number parity measurements of cat states in superconducting resonators are a particularly useful platform for demonstrating the clear advantages of having sophisticated feedback schemes to enhance the performance a proposed error-correction protocol [Leghtas et.al. PRL 2013]. In a cQED architecture, where a transmon qubit is coupled to two superconducting cavities, we present a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device capable of making decisions and calculations with latency times far shorter than the lifetimes of any of the system's constituents. This level of performance opens the door to realizing many complex, previously unfeasible, experiments in superconducting qubit systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
Y39.00013: Utilizing photon number parity measurements to demonstrate quantum computation with cat-states in a cavity A. Petrenko, N. Ofek, B. Vlastakis, L. Sun, Z. Leghtas, R. Heeres, K.M. Sliwa, M. Mirrahimi, L. Jiang, M.H. Devoret, R.J. Schoelkopf Realizing a working quantum computer requires overcoming the many challenges that come with coupling large numbers of qubits to perform logical operations. These include improving coherence times, achieving high gate fidelities, and correcting for the inevitable errors that will occur throughout the duration of an algorithm. While impressive progress has been made in all of these areas, the difficulty of combining these ingredients to demonstrate an error-protected logical qubit, comprised of many physical qubits, still remains formidable. With its large Hilbert space, superior coherence properties, and single dominant error channel (single photon loss), a superconducting 3D resonator acting as a resource for a quantum memory offers a hardware-efficient alternative to multi-qubit codes [Leghtas et.al. PRL 2013]. Here we build upon recent work on cat-state encoding [Vlastakis et.al. Science 2013] and photon-parity jumps [Sun et.al. 2014] by exploring the effects of sequential measurements on a cavity state. Employing a transmon qubit dispersively coupled to two superconducting resonators in a cQED architecture, we explore further the application of parity measurements to characterizing such a hybrid qubit/cat state architecture. In so doing, we demonstrate the promise of integrating cat states as central constituents of future quantum codes. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 10:36AM - 10:48AM |
Y39.00014: Continuous generation and stabilization of Schr\"{o}dinger cat states in a quantum circuit A. Roy, Z. Leghtas, A.D. Stone, M.H. Devoret, M. Mirrahimi While dissipation is widely considered as being harmful for quantum coherence, it can, when properly engineered, lead to the stabilization of non-trivial pure quantum states. Deterministic generation of non-classical states like Schr\"{o}dinger cat states is one of the key ingredients in performing universal quantum computation. We theoretically propose a scheme, adapted to superconducting quantum circuits, for continuous generation and stabilization of these states in a cavity using dissipation engineering. We first generate these states inside a high-Q cavity by engineering its dissipation with a bath that only exchanges photons in pairs. We then stabilize these transient states against single-photon decay using a second engineered bath. The single-photon stabilization is autonomous, and exploits the photon-number-dependent frequency-splitting due to Kerr interactions in the strongly dispersive regime of circuit QED. We present analytical and numerical results demonstrating the robustness of the scheme and its amenability to immediate experimental implementation. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, March 6, 2015 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
Y39.00015: Deterministic amplification for cat-state engineering in circuit-QED Jaewoo Joo, Daniel Oi, Matthew Elliott, Eran Ginossar, Timothy Spiller We propose a novel implementation scheme of amplifying the size of Schroedinger cat states in superconducting circuits. While the amplification method in quantum optics is normally probabilistic, our scheme can be performed deterministically in circuit-QED. Using adiabatic methods and optimal control, we demonstrate that the amplification operation can be built deterministically in a system of a transmon qubit strongly coupled with a cavity. This amplification tool will in particular open the potential of continuous-variable nonclassical states toward practical quantum technologies, for example, stabilization of cat-type states and continuous-variable teleportation. [Preview Abstract] |
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