Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session B52: Pseudogap Phenomenon in Copper-oxide Superconductors |
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Carmen Almasan, Kent State University Room: Mile High Ballroom 1F |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B52.00001: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B52.00002: Neutron scattering study of novel pseudogap excitations in the high-temperature superconductor HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ Yang Tang, M.K. Chan, C. Dorow, M. Veit, Y. Ge, M. Greven, L. Mangin-Thro, P. Bourges, Y. Sidis, D.L. Abernathy Following the discovery of universal novel magnetic order in the pseudogap phase of the cuprates [B. Fauqu\'{e} et al. PRL 96, 197001 (2006); Y. Li et al., Nature 455, 372 (2008)], our inelastic neutron scattering measurements of HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ revealed two weakly-dispersive excitation branches that appear to be associated with this ordered state [Y. Li et al., Nature 468, 283 (2010); Y. Li et al., Nature Phys. 8, 404 (2012)]. Here we report new results on the doping and momentum dependence of the excitations. The momentum-transfer dependence of the mode intensities is inconsistent with traditional magnetic or structural form factors. Polarized neutron scattering results suggest a possible dual magnetic and structural nature of the excitations [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B52.00003: Competition between the pseudogap and superconductivity and its critical point Makoto Hashimoto, Elizabeth Nowadnick, Rui-Hua He, Inna Vishik, Brian Moritz, Yu He, Kikyohisa Tanaka, Rob Moore, Donghui Lu, Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Motoyuki Ishikado, Takao Sasagawa, Kazuhiro Fujita, Shigeyuki Ishida, Shinichi Uchida, Hiroshi Eisaki, Zahid Hussain, Tom Devereaux, Zhi-Xun Shen In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, the nature of the pseudogap remains unresolved. Recently, there have been increasing evidence that the pseudogap is a distinct order from superconductivity, but it has not been completely understood how the pseudogap affects the superconductivity. To reveal the interplay between the pseudogap and superconductivity, we have performed ARPES measurement on a wide doping range of Bi2212. From the analysis of the spectral weight, we found a singular behavior at Tc at the antinode, indicating the competition between the order parameters for the pseudogap and superconductivity. This signature for the competition at Tc becomes weaker with hole doping, and disappears at $\sim$22\% hole doping. Together with spectroscopic evidence for the ground-state critical point at 19\%, our result reveals the non-trivial termination of the interplay between the pseudogap and superconductivity. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B52.00004: Effect of the pseudogap on T$_c$ in the cuprates and implications for its origin Michael Norman, Vivek Mishra, Utpal Chatterjee, Juan Carlos Campuzano One of the most intriguing aspects of cuprates is a large pseudogap coexisting with a high superconducting transition temperature. Here, we study pairing in the cuprates from electron-electron interactions by constructing the pair vertex using spectral functions derived from angle resolved photoemission data for a near optimal doped Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ sample that has a pronounced pseudogap. Assuming that that the pseudogap is not due to pairing, we find that the superconducting instability is strongly suppressed, in stark contrast to what is actually observed. Using an analytic approximation for the spectral functions, we can trace this suppression to the destruction of the BCS logarithmic singularity from a combination of the pseudogap and lifetime broadening. Our findings strongly support those theories of the cuprates where the pseudogap is instead due to pairing. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B52.00005: Universal bulk charge-density-wave (CDW) correlations in the cuprate superconductors Wojciech Tabis The recent observation of bulk CDW order in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{8+\delta}$(YBCO) in competition with superconductivity is a significant development [1,2]. Using Cu $L$-edge resonant X-ray scattering, we also observe bulk CDW order in HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$(Hg1201; $T_{c}=$72K). The correlations appear below $T_{CDW}\approx $200K, well below the pseudogap temperature $T^{\ast }\approx $320K associated with unusual magnetism [3], but coincident with the onset of Fermi-liquid-like charge transport [4,5]. In contrast to YBCO, we observe no decrease of the CDW amplitude below $T_{c}$, and the correlation length is short and temperature independent. CDW correlations therefore are a universal property of underdoped cuprates, enhanced by low structural symmetry and a magnetic field [1,2], but fundamentally not in significant competition with superconductivity. We also discuss the relationship between the CDW modulation wave vector and the Fermi surface area extracted from QO experiments [6]. \\[4pt] [1] G. Ghiringhelli \textit{et al.}, Science \textbf{337}, 821 (2012).\\[0pt] [2] J. Chang \textit{et al.}, Nature Phys. \textbf{8}, 871 (2012).\\[0pt] [3] Y. Li \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev B \textbf{84}, 224508 (2011).\\[0pt] [4] N. Bari\v{s}i\'c \textit{et al.}, PNAS \textbf{110}, 12235 (2013).\\[0pt] [5] S.I. Mirzaei \textit{et al.}, PNAS \textbf{110}, 5774 (2013).\\[0pt] [6] N. Bari\v{s}i\'{c} \textit{et al.}, Nature Physics (2013), doi:10.1038/nphys2792. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B52.00006: Doping dependence of the hole distribution in the high-temperature superconductor HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy Guichuan Yu, Wojciech Tabis, Dennis Nordlund, Jun-Sik Lee, Tomasz Kolodziej, Michael Veit, Chelsey Dorow, Mun Chan, Neven Bari\v{s}i\'c, Martin Greven Using polarization dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O $K$ and Cu $L$ edges, the symmetry and distribution of the doping-induced states in the simple tetragonal model cuprate superconductor HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ are studied as a function of the effective hole concentration $p$. We find that in the heavily underdoped regime, the doped holes predominantly reside in the planar O 2$p_{\mathrm{x,y}}$ orbitals, with an occupancy that extrapolates linearly to zero at $p_{0} =$ 0 and saturates at $p_{2} \approx $ 0.1. In contrast, holes in the apical O 2$p_{\mathrm{z}}$ orbitals only emerge near the boundary of the superconducting dome at $p_{1}$ $\approx $ 0.05. Similar to the planar holes, these apical O holes also exhibit saturation behavior above $p_{2}$. These observations suggest that the apical O holes might play an important role in the formation of superconductivity, and they imply the existence of an electronic instability as optimal doping is approached. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B52.00007: Charge stripe ordering in LSCO and its comparison to LBCO and YBCO Vivek Thampy, Mark Dean, Mirian Garcia-Fernandez, Niels Bech Christensen, Stuart Wilkins, John Hill Charge stripe ordering has been shown to exist in several related members of the so-called 214 family, such as La$_{\mathrm{2-x}}$Ba$_{\mathrm{x}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4}}$~(LBCO) and La$_{\mathrm{2-x-y}}$Sr$_{\mathrm{x}}$Nd$_{\mathrm{y}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4}}$~(LNSCO), but had not previously been unambiguously observed in La$_{\mathrm{2-x}}$Sr$_{\mathrm{x}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4}}$~(LSCO). Using resonant soft x-ray and hard x-ray diffraction, we have observed a charge modulation in La$_{\mathrm{1.875}}$Sr$_{\mathrm{0.125}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4}}$~with a characteristic wave-vector close to that of the other 214 compounds. Recent reports suggested that this ordering occurs at the surface of LSCO. These results establish that it persists throughout the bulk of the sample. Despite the similar wave-vector, the evolution of the stripe order through the superconducting transition ($T_{C})$ in LSCO is different from LBCO and LNSCO, which show no change in the stripe ordering across $T_{C}$. In LSCO, on the other hand, the peak intensity is clearly suppressed below $T_{C}$ and the correlation length stops growing. This bears similarity to what has been seen in YBa$_{\mathrm{2}}$Cu$_{\mathrm{3}}$O$_{\mathrm{6+y}}$ of the 123 family, and could help establish a common motif to charge ordering between these two disparate families of superconducting cuprates. Finally, we show that despite these distinctions, the order parameter of the charge modulation in the three compounds is comparable in magnitude. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B52.00008: Doping-dependent vortex-state scanning tunneling spectroscopic (STS) studies of Ca-doped YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$(Y-123) M.L. Teague, C.-C. Chen, N.-C. Yeh, Z.J. Feng We present STS studies of Ca-doped Y-123 as a function of magnetic field ($H)$ and hole doping level ($p)$. Our previous STS studies at $H =$ 0 have shown that the origin of the pseudogap (PG) is due to competing orders (COs), and that the presence (absence) of PG above the superconducting (SC) transition $T_{c}$ is associated with a CO energy $\Delta_{\mathrm{CO}}$ larger (smaller) than the SC gap $\Delta_{\mathrm{SC}}$. Moreover, $\Delta _{\mathrm{SC}}$ and $\Delta_{\mathrm{CO}}$ decrease with increasing $p$ for $p$ \textgreater 0.16, and $\Delta_{\mathrm{CO}}$ \textit{\textless } $\Delta _{\mathrm{SC}}$ for $p$ \textgreater 0.23. The pairing symmetry also evolves from pure $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$ to ($d_{x^{2}-y^{2}} + s$) for $p$ \textgreater 0.16, where the $s$-wave component increases with $p$. Here we investigate the evolution of vortex-state ($H$ \textgreater 0) STS with $p$. For $p =$ 0.21 and $H =$ 3T, STS reveal the presence of vortices with a vortex ``halo'' size $\xi $ $\sim$ 8 nm, smaller than $\xi $ $\sim$ 10 nm for $p =$ 0.16. A PG with $\Delta_{\mathrm{CO}}$ ($\sim$ 11 meV) \textless $\Delta_{\mathrm{SC}}$ ($\sim$ 17 meV) is found inside the vortex core for $p =$ 0.21, which is consistent with the value derived from Green function analysis of the STS in $H =$ 0 and is in contrasts to the finding of an intra-vortex PG $\Delta_{\mathrm{CO}}$ ($\sim$ 32 meV) \textgreater $\Delta_{\mathrm{SC}}$ ($\sim$ 23 meV) for $p =$ 0.16. Fourier transformation of the STS also shows energy-independent wave-vectors Q$_{\mathrm{CDW}}$ and Q$_{\mathrm{PDW}}$ associated with the charge- and pair-density waves, where Q$_{\mathrm{CDW}}$ decreases with $p$ and Q$_{\mathrm{PDW}}$ is $p$-independent. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B52.00009: Universal quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprate superconductors Neven Barisic, Sven Badoux, Mun K. Chan, Chelsey Dorow, Wojciech Tabis, Baptiste Vignolle, Guichuan Yu, Jerome Beard, Xudong Zhao, Cyril Proust, Martin Greven The observations of a very small pocket (covering only $\sim$ 2{\%} of the Brillouin zone (BZ)) for underdoped Y123 and Y124 are in stark contrast to the situation at high hole concentrations, where a large Fermi surface (FS) is observed (corresponding to $\sim$ 65{\%} of the BZ. While this result can been taken as evidence for a dramatic change of the FS associated with the quintessential CuO$_{2}$ planes, it may also be attributed to the existence of a non-universal FS piece related to the CuO chains. Consequently, it has remained a pivotal open question whether the FS reconstruction has anything to do with aspects of the unidirectional structures, or if it is a universal property of the cuprates. We have settled this issue through the observation of quantum oscillations in the magnetorestivity of a simple tetragonal compound Hg1201 at p$\approx $0.09 in pulsed magnetic fields of up to 80 T. The pocket appear approximately in the same doping, temperature and magnetic field range of the phase diagram as in the case of Y123, with a very similar effective mass and comparable cyclotron frequency. (Nat. Phys., doi:10.1038/nphys2792) [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B52.00010: Indications of an $s$-wave structure of pseudogap in high-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$ cuprate superconductors Shiro Sakai The superconducting gap in high-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$ cuprates is d wave, as established by a SQUID experiment. Although no such phase-sensitive experimental result exists for a pseudogap it has also been believed to be d wave, on ground of the observations by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) However, since APRES focuses on the occupied spectra, little is actually known about the unoccupied side. Here we propose, based on a cluster dynamical mean-field calculation on the two-dimensional Hubbard model, that the pseudogap has an s-wave structure, where the gap in the nodal region is \textit{above} the Fermi level. The s-wave structure indeed explains well the recent ARPES and STM observations of electron-hole asymmetry, as well as the anomalous behavior observed in electronic Raman spectroscopy, which captures the structure of the unoccupied spectra, essential for discriminating the s-wave pseudogap from the conventional d-wave one [S. Sakai et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 107001 (2013)] The work was done in collaboration with S. Blanc, M. Civelli, Y. Gallais, M. Cazayous, M.-A. Measson, J. S. Wen, Z. J. Xu, G. D. Gu, G. Sangiovanni, Y. Motome, K. Held, A. Sacuto, A. Georges, and M. Imada [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
B52.00011: Chiral Texture of the Magnetic Moments of Unit-Cell Loop Currents in the Pseudogap Phase of Cuprate Superconductors Sergey Pershoguba, Kostya Kechedzhi, Victor Yakovenko We propose a novel chiral order parameter to explain the unusual polar Kerr effect in underdoped cuprates. It is based on the loop-current model by Varma, which is characterized by the in-plane anapole moment $\mathbf{N}$ and exhibits the magnetoelectric effect. We propose a helical structure where the vector $\mathbf{N^{(n)}}$ in the layer $n$ is twisted by the angle $\pi/2$ relative to $\mathbf{N^{(n-1)}}$, thus breaking inversion symmetry. We show that coupling between magnetoelectric terms in the neighboring layers for this structure produces optical gyrotropy, which results in circular dichroism and the polar Kerr effect.\\[4pt] S. S. Pershoguba, K. Kechedzhi, and V. M. Yakovenko, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 111}, 047005 (2013). [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
B52.00012: Nodal electronic scattering rates, T*, and the phase diagram in hole doped cuprate superconductors Daniel Dessau, T.J. Reber, Xiaoqing Zhou, Haoxiang Li, Justin Waugh, Stephen Parham, Yue Cao, Zhe Sun, Qiang Wang, Michael Hermele, Gerald Arnold, J.S. Wen, Zhijun Xu, Genda Gu, Nick Plumb, Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Hiroshi Eisaki Based upon detailed angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of a wide range of doping of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$, we present a unified phenomenology for the non-Fermi liquid normal-state interactions (scattering rates) in the nodal direction, which we show are dominated by a single parameter that smoothly varies with doping. When viewed over typical experimental temperature ranges this phenomenology has a curvature change that mimics the T* ``pseudogap'' temperature scale observed in transport experiments, including the possible quantum critical point. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
B52.00013: Exploration of pseudogap scenarios in the three-orbital Hubbard model of cuprate superconductors Y.F. Kung, C.-C. Chen, E.A. Nowadnick, S. Johnston, B. Moritz, T.P. Devereaux One intriguing question in cuprate high-temperature superconductors concerns the nature of the pseudogap, whose origin remains elusive despite intense effort in both theory and experiment. Various ordered states have been proposed, yet with conflicting results from different numerical studies. Here we use determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) simulations to investigate the possibility of orbital loop currents, d-density waves, and oxygen antiferromagnetism in the three-orbital Hubbard model. We explore the dependence of their correlation functions on temperature and doping, as well as their relative magnitudes, to shed light on how these orders depend on the parameters of the model Hamiltonian. The DQMC calculations are further compared to results from exact diagonalization. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
B52.00014: Quenched disorder and vestigial nematicity in the pseudo-gap regime of the cuprates Laimei Nie, Gilles Tarjus, Steven Kivelson We carry out a theoretical analysis of the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson effective field theory of a classical incommensurate charge-density-wave (CDW) in the presence of weak quenched disorder. While the possibility a sharp phase transition and long-range CDW order are precluded in such systems, we show that any discrete symmetry breaking aspect of the charge order (nematicity in the case of the unidirectional (stripe) CDW we consider explicitly) generically survives up to a non-zero critical disorder strength. Such ``vestigial order,'' which is subject to unambiguous macroscopic detection, can serve as an avatar of what would be CDW order in the zero disorder limit. Various recent experiments in the pseudo-gap regime of the hole-doped cuprate high-temperature superconductors are interpreted in light of these results. [Preview Abstract] |
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