Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2013
Volume 58, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 18–22, 2013; Baltimore, Maryland
Session B36: HTSC: Transport Properties |
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Sponsoring Units: DMP Chair: Carmen Almasan, Kent State University Room: 344 |
Monday, March 18, 2013 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B36.00001: Doping dependence of the upper critical field $H_{\rm c2}$ in the cuprate superconductor YBCO L. Taillefer, N. Doiron-Leyraud, D. LeBoeuf, B. Vignolle, C. Proust, B.J. Ramshaw, R. Liang, D.A. Bonn, W.N. Hardy It is generally thought that the upper critical field $H_{\rm c2}$ of underdoped cuprate superconductors is far greater than the vortex-solid melting field $H_{\rm vs}$ at which the state of zero resistance ends, even at $T = 0$ [1]. Here we compare electrical measurements of $H_{\rm vs}$ and thermal measurements of $H_{\rm c2}$ [2] in the cuprate YBCO and show that $H_{\rm c2} = H_{\rm vs}$ at $T \to 0$, strong evidence that there is no vortex liquid phase at $T = 0$. We then present extensive measurements of the electrical resistivity in high magnetic fields over a wide doping range, from which we obtain $H_{\rm c2}$ as a function of doping in YBCO. We find that $H_{\rm c2}$ collapses to remarkably low values in the underdoped regime, which we attribute to the competing effect of a phase with charge-density-wave order [3, 4], also responsible for a reconstruction of the Fermi surface [5, 6].\\[4pt] [1] T. Senthil and P.A. Lee, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 79}, 245116 (2009).\\[0pt] [2] See~APS~talk~by~G.~Grissonnanche.\\[0pt] [3] T. Wu \textit{et~al.}, Nature {\bf 477}, 191 (2011).\\[0pt] [4] G. Ghiringhelli \textit{et~al.}, Science {\bf 337}, 821 (2012).\\[0pt] [5] D. LeBoeuf \textit{et~al.}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 83}, 054506 (2011).\\[0pt] [6] N. Doiron-Leyraud and L. Taillefer, Physica C {\bf 481}, 161 (2012). [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B36.00002: Thermal conductivity as a direct probe of the upper critical field Hc2 in cuprate superconductors G. Grissonnanche, O. Cyr-Choiniere, S. Dufour-Beausejour, A. Juneau-Fecteau, N. Doiron-Leyraud, L. Taillefer, B. Ramshaw, R. Liang, D. Bonn, W. Hardy, S. Kramer, D. Graf The value of the upper critical field $H_{\mathrm{c2}}$ in cuprate superconductors is an open question, subject to much debate [1]. Owing to its sensitivity to vortex scattering, the thermal conductivity is a powerful technique to directly measure the upper critical field $H_{\mathrm{c2}}$ in a clean type-II superconductor [2]. Here we report measurements of the thermal conductivity in the underdoped cuprate superconductor YBCO in magnetic fields up to 45 T, from which we can directly extract $H_{\mathrm{c2}}$. We find that $H_{\mathrm{c2}}$ is remarkably low at a doping $p \quad =$ 0.11, showing that quantum oscillations [3, 4] are observed above $H_{\mathrm{c2}}$, in a normal state without vortices.\\[4pt] [1] J. Chang \textit{et al}., Nat. Phys. \textbf{8}, 751 (2012).\\[0pt] [2] A. B. Vorontsov and I. Vekhter, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{75}, 224502 (2007).\\[0pt] [3] N. Doiron-Leyraud \textit{et al}., Nature \textbf{447}, 565 (2007).\\[0pt] [4] S. C. Riggs \textit{et al}., Nat. Phys. \textbf{7}, 332 (2011). [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B36.00003: Doping evolution of nodal quasiparticle velocities in cuprate superconductors S. Ren\'e de Cotret, J.-Ph. Reid, N. Doiron-Leyraud, L. Taillefer, B.J. Ramshaw, R. Liang, D.A. Bonn, W.N. Hardy The thermal conductivity of the cuprate superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_y$ was measured at temperatures down to $T \sim 50$~mK on high-quality single crystals with a hole doping ranging from $p = 0.06$ to $p = 0.18$. The residual linear term at $T \to 0$ is a direct measure of the ratio of nodal quasiparticle velocities. When combined with published data on Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ [1], our data spans the full superconducting phase. The ratio of quasiparticle velocities agrees well with recent, high-resolution ARPES measurements of the Fermi velocity and gap velocity at the nodes as a function of doping, in the related cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ [2,3]. \\[4pt] [1] D.G. Hawthorn {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 75}, 104518 (2007). \\[0pt] [2] I.M. Vishik {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 104}, 207002 (2010). \\[0pt] [3] I.M. Vishik {\it et al.}, ArXiv, 1209.6514 (2012). [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B36.00004: Hall and Nernst Coefficients of Underdoped HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+\delta}$: Fermi-Surface Reconstruction in an Archetypal Cuprate Superconductor Nicolas Doiron-Leyraud, S. Lepault, O. Cyr-Choini\`ere, B. Vignolle, F. Lalibert\'e, J. Chang, N. Bari{\v s}i\'c, M.K. Chan, L. Ji, X. Zhao, Y. Li, M. Greven, C. Proust, Louis Taillefer The Hall coefficient $R_{\rm H}$ of underdoped HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ (Hg1201) was measured at low temperature in magnetic fields large enough to suppress superconductivity. The normal-state $R_{\rm H}(T)$ is found to drop with decreasing temperature and become negative below 10~K, as also observed in the orthorhombic bi-layer cuprate YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{y}$ (YBCO) at comparable doping. In YBCO, the negative $R_{\rm H}$ is the signature of a Fermi-surface reconstruction that produces a small electron pocket, attributed to the onset of charge-density wave order at low temperature. We infer that a similar Fermi-surface reconstruction occurs in the tetragonal single-layer material Hg1201. A striking similarity is also found in the normal-state Nernst coefficient $\nu(T)$, which drops below the pseudogap temperature $T^\star$, to reach a large negative value at low temperature, in both Hg1201 and YBCO. Our results are compelling evidence that the mechanisms responsible for Fermi-surface reconstruction and pseudogap formation in hole-doped cuprates are universal. Preprint reference: arXiv:1210.8411. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B36.00005: Doping dependence of the upper critical field in the electron-doped cuprate superconductor PCCO via the Nernst effect F. Lalibert\'e, F.F. Tafti, M. Dion, J. Gaudet, P. Fournier, L. Taillefer Superconducting fluctuations are known to persist above the critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$ and above the upper critical magnetic field $H_{\rm c2}$. The Nernst effect was shown to be a powerful probe of these fluctuations [1], in quantitative agreement with theory [2]. Here we report a detailed study of the Nernst effect in high-quality films [3] of the electron-doped cuprate superconductor PCCO, from which we extract $H_{\rm c2}$ as a function of doping. We find that $H_{\rm c2}$ follows the dome-like doping dependence of $T_{\rm c}$, revealing that the pairing strength decreases with underdoping, as it does in hole-doped cuprates [4].\\[4pt] [1] A. Pourret \textit{et al.}, Nat. Phys. {\bf 2}, 683 (2006)\\[0pt] [2] M. N. Serbyn \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 102}, 067001 (2009); K. Michaeli and A. M. Finkel'stein, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 86}, 27007 (2009)\\[0pt] [3] G. Roberge \textit{et al.}, J. of Crystal Growth. {\bf 311}, 1340 (2009) \\[0pt] [4] J. Chang \textit{et al}., Nat. Phys. {\bf 8}, 751 (2012) [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B36.00006: Resistivity in the pseudogap phase of the underdoped cuprates Phillip Ashby, Jules Carbotte The pseudogap phase of the underdoped cuprates remains poorly understood. It exhibits many anomalous electronic properties. One example is the dc-resistivity which is metallic in the copper oxygen planes, while the c-axis response is insulating. We show how this can be understood within the pseudogap model of Yang, Rice, and Zhang (YRZ). The YRZ model naturally reconstructs the Fermi surface as a function of doping. This reconstruction places limits on the remaining quasiparticles allowed to participate in transport. As a result, the model is able to reproduce the qualitative experimental signatures, including the deviations from linear resistivity in the plane, as well as the insulating response along the c-axis. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B36.00007: Impurity Effects on Superconducting Properties coming from Nontrivial Nodal Structures in Order Parameters Heesang Kim, Hyunhee Chung, Nammee Kim Power-law behavior is expected in the temperature dependence of the specific heat in a superconductor whose order parameter has point- or line-nodes on its fermi surface. It is known that the dependence is $T^{2}$ for line-nodes and $T^{3}$ for point-nodes. However, the power-law behavior is different from what we expect in some cases such as $g$-wave and $g+s$-wave. We present the generalized power-law behavior in a superconductor with a nontrivial nodal structure in its order parameter. We also show how the presence of impurities wash out the power-law behavior. In the framework of the quasiclassical formalism, we focus on the density of states and the specific heat. We also present evolution of those quantities in the presence of impurities. The impurity effect is parameterized with two quantities, the scattering cross section $\sigma$ and impurity scattering rate $1/2\tau$, so that we can cover the whole range of the impurity effect from the Born limit to the unitary limit. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B36.00008: Conventional c-axis charge transport in the electron-doped cuprates Yangmu Li, N. Bari\v{s}i\'{c}, G. Yu, E.M. Motoyama, I.M. Vishik, S.T. Hannahs, M. Greven We have measured the interlayer (c-axis) magnetoresistivity of the electron-doped cuprate superconductor Nd$_{\mathrm{2-x}}$Ce$_{\mathrm{x}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4+\delta}}$(NCCO) at and below optimal doping. In zero magnetic field, the low- and intermediate-temperature regimes are dominated by logarithmic and quadratic temperature dependences, respectively. The low-temperature logarithmic upturn indicates the onset of localization, whereas the quadratic dependence is attributed to Fermi-liquid behavior. Furthermore, the transverse c-axis magnetoresistivity exhibits H$^{\mathrm{2}}$ dependence, not only above the zero-field Tc, but also at lower temperature once a sufficiently large external field suppresses the superconductivity. These findings suggest that the out-of-plane conduction in the electron-doped cuprates is rather conventional. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B36.00009: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Monday, March 18, 2013 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B36.00010: Universal sheet resistance of the cuprate superconductors N. Bari\v{s}i\'{c}, M.K. Chan, G. Yu, Y. Li, X. Zhao, M. Dressel, A. Smontara, M. Greven Upon introducing charge carriers into the underlying copper-oxygen sheets of the cuprates, the parent insulator evolves into a superconductor and eventually into a seemingly conventional Fermi liquid. Much has remained elusive about the nature of this evolution, and about the peculiar metallic state at intermediate hole-carrier concentrations ($p)$, where the planar resistivity exhibits a linear temperature dependence ($\rho \propto T)$ that is disrupted upon cooling toward the superconducting state by the opening of a `pseudogap' along the Fermi surface. Here we demonstrate for the quintessential compound HgBa$_{\mathrm{2}}$CuO$_{\mathrm{4+\delta }}$ a purely Fermi-liquid-like resistivity ($\rho \propto T^{\mathrm{2}})$ deep in the pseudogap regime. Our result when combined with select prior work for other compounds reveals the fundamental resistance per copper-oxygen sheet in both the linear ($\rho_{\mathrm{S}}=A_{\mathrm{1S}}T)$ and quadratic ($\rho_{\mathrm{S}}=A_{\mathrm{2S}}T^{\mathrm{2}})$ regimes, with $A_{\mathrm{1S\thinspace }}\propto \quad A_{\mathrm{2S\thinspace }}\propto $ 1/$p$. Theoretical models for the cuprates can now be benchmarked against this remarkably simple universal behavior. \textit{Preprint: arXiv:1207.1504. }Work supported by DOE-BES. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
B36.00011: Magnetotransport of La$_{(2-x)}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ with nearly continuous doping in intense magnetic fields Zachary Stegen, Greg Boebinger, Jie Wu, Ivan Bozovic, Fedor Balakirev, Albert Migliori Pulsed magnetic fields of up to 57 T were used to measure the Hall resistivity and longitudinal magnetoresistance of La$_{(2-x)}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ to low temperatures by suppressing the superconducting state. The samples were grown using Combinatorial Molecular Beam Epitaxy (COMBE) where the Sr concentration -- and hence carrier doping, p -- changes continuously across the sample. Performing 30 simultaneous transport measurements on a single growth allows for unprecedented resolution in doping ($\Delta p \approx 0.0002$). We examine the phase diagram of the resistive state in this hole-doped cuprate by measuring a series of COMBE samples. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
B36.00012: Transport and contact-free investigation of REBCO thin film temperature dependent pinning landscapes John Sinclair, Jan Jaroszynski, Xinbo Hu, Michael Santos Studies of the pinning mechanisms and landscapes of REBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{x}$ (RE=rare earth elements) thin films have been a topic of study in recent years due to, among other reasons, their ability to introduce nonsuperconducting phases and defects. Here we will focus on REBCO thin films with BaZrO$_3$ nanocolumns and other isotropic defects. The evolution of the dominant pinning mechanisms seems to change as a function of temperature even to the point that samples with similar critical current density properties at high temperatures can have distinctly different properties at low temperatures. Earlier work focused on the angular selectivity of the current density profile, though other properties (such as alpha values) can evolve as well. Characteristic results accentuating this evolution of current density properties will be presented. Challenges exist in evaluating these low temperature properties in high magnetic fields, therefore both transport and contact-free results were be presented to compliment the work. Support for this work is provided by the NHMFL via NSF DRM 0654118. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
B36.00013: Contact free transport characterization of recent REBCO films in very high magnetic field Jan Jaroszynski, John Sinclair, Valeria Braccini, Xinbo Hu Studies on pinning mechanisms in high temperature superconductors often require detailed knowledge of critical current density $J_c$ as a function of magnetic field orientation as well as field strength and temperature. However, recent REBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{x}$ (RE=rare earth elements) thin films can achieve remarkably high critical current density values by the incorporation of nonsuperconducting nanoparticles, that often pose problems with $J_c$ measurements, due to extremely high Lorentz force, Joule heating etc. in the limited space of high field magnets. Here we demonstrate the angularly dependent $J_c$ measured by means of contact-free vector magnetization measurements in a vibrating sample magnetometer equipped with both longitudinal and transverse pickup coils. The studies complement traditional transport techniques and are readily extended to conditions of fields and temperatures where the current density is very large and transport methods become difficult. Our results clearly show an evolution of pinning from strongly correlated effects seen at high temperatures to significant contributions from dense but weak pins that thermal fluctuations render ineffective at high temperatures but which become strong at lower temperatures [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 18, 2013 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
B36.00014: Linear and quadratic temperature dependence of electronic specific heat for cuprates P. Salas, F.J. Sevilla, M.A. Solis We model cuprate superconductors as an infinite layered lattice structure which contains a fluid of paired and unpaired fermions (electrons or holes). Paired fermions, which are the superconducting carriers, are considered as noninteracting zero spin bosons (cuasi-particles) with a linear dispersion relation, which coexist with the unpaired fermions in a series of almost two dimensional slabs stacked in their perpendicular direction. The inter-slab penetrable planes are simulated by a Dirac comb potential in the direction in which the slabs are stacked, while paired and unpaired electrons (or holes) are free to move parallel to the planes. Paired fermions condense at a BEC critical temperature exhibiting a jump in their specific heat, which are taken as the experimental values of the superconducting critical temperature and the specific heat jump of YBaCuO$_{7-x}$, to fix our model parameters: the plane impenetrability and the fraction of superconducting charge carrier. We straightforwardly obtain, near and under the superconducting temperature $T_c$, the linear ($\gamma_e T$) and the quadratic ($\alpha T^2$) electronic specific heat terms, with $\gamma_e$ and $\alpha$ in agreement with the latest experimental values reported. [Preview Abstract] |
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