Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2013
Volume 58, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 18–22, 2013; Baltimore, Maryland
Session F3: Invited Session: Quantum Computing in AMO |
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Sponsoring Units: GQI DAMOP Chair: Ivan Deutsch, University of New Mexico Room: Ballroom III |
Tuesday, March 19, 2013 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
F3.00001: Quantum Computation with Trapped Rydberg Atoms Invited Speaker: Mark Saffman Highly excited atomic Rydberg states provide strong, long range dipolar interactions which can be used to create entanglement between atoms, between atoms and optical photons, and between atoms and microwave photons. I will review recent progress in this rapidly developing area including optical trapping of Rydberg atoms, experiments with a 2D array of qubits, and progress towards a coherent quantum interface between neutral atom and superconducting qubits. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 19, 2013 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
F3.00002: Quantum computation with atomic ensembles Invited Speaker: Tommaso Calarco |
Tuesday, March 19, 2013 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
F3.00003: Hybrid quantum information processing Invited Speaker: Akira Furusawa There are two types of schemes for quantum information processing (QIP). One is based on qubits, and the other is based on continuous variables (CVs), where the computational basis for qubit QIP is \{$|0 \rangle$, $|1 \rangle$\} and that for CV QIP is \{$|x \rangle$\} ($-\infty < x < \infty$). A universal gate set for qubit QIP is \{`bit flip'$\sigma_x$, `phase flip'$\sigma_z$, `Hadamard gate'H, `$\pi/8$ gate', `controlled NOT (CNOT) gate'\}. Similarly, a universal gate set for CV QIP is \{`$x$-displacement'$\hat{D}(x)$, `$p$-displacement'$\hat{D}(ip)$, `Fourier gate'$\hat{F}$, `cubic phase gate'$e^{ik\hat{x}^3}$, `quantum non-demolition (QND) gate'\}. There is one-to-one correspondence between them. CV version of `bit flip'$\sigma_x$ is `$x$-displacement'$\hat{D}(x)$, which changes the value of the computational basis. Similarly, CV version of `phase flip'$\sigma_z$ is `$p$-displacement'$\hat{D}(ip)$, where `phase flip'$\sigma_z$ switches the ``value'' of `conjugate basis' of qubit \{$|+ \rangle,|- \rangle$\} ($|\pm \rangle = (|0 \rangle \pm |1 \rangle)/\sqrt{2}$) and `$p$-displacement'$\hat{D}(ip)$ changes the value of CV conjugate basis \{$|p \rangle$\}. `Hadamard' and `Fourier' gates transform computational bases to respective conjugate bases. CV version of `$\pi/8$ gate' is a `cubic phase gate'$e^{ik\hat{x}^3}$, and CV version of CNOT gate is a QND gate. However, the origin of nonlinearity for QIP is totally different, here the very basic nonlinear operation is calculation of multiplication and of course it is the heart of information processing. The nonlinearity of qubit QIP comes from a CNOT gate, while that of CV QIP comes from a cubic phase gate. Since nonlinear operations are harder to realize compared to linear operations, the most difficult operation for qubit is a CNOT gate, while the counter part, a QND gate, is not so difficult. CNOT and QND gates are both entangling gates, it follows that creating entanglement is easier for CV QIP compared to qubit QIP. Here, creating entanglement is the heart of QIP. So, it is a big advantage of CV QIP. On the other hand, the fidelity of CV QIP is not so high because perfect fidelity needs infinite energy, which comes from the infinite dimensionality of CV QIP. To overcome the difficulty, ``hybrid" approach is proposed. In this approach, qubits are used as inputs for CV QIP. It is possible because qubits can be regarded as a special case of CVs. So, we can circumvent the infinite dimensionality problem of CV QIP by using qubits as the inputs. The basic example is qubit teleportation with a CV teleporter, where the qubit is a so-called ``dual-rail'' qubit with a single photon; $c_0 |1,0 \rangle + c_1 |0,1 \rangle$. We recently succeeded in creating time-bin qubits with single photons, and now we are working on the teleportation experiment with the technology developed for teleportation of highly nonclassical wave packets of light. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 19, 2013 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
F3.00004: Photonic quantum technologies Invited Speaker: Jeremy O'Brien Of the approaches to quantum computing [1], photons are appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation [2], and relevance to other quantum technologies [3], including communication, metrology [4] and measurement [5]. We report an integrated waveguide approach to photonic quantum circuits for high performance, miniaturization and scalability [6--10]. We address the challenges of scaling up quantum circuits using new insights into how controlled operations can be efficiently realised [11], demonstrating Shor's algorithm with consecutive CNOT gates [12] and the iterative phase estimation algorithm [13]. We have shown how quantum circuits can be reconfigured, using thermo-optic phase shifters to realise a highly reconfigurable quantum circuit [14], and electro-optic phase shifters in lithium niobate to rapidly manipulate the path and polarisation of telecomm wavelength single photons [15]. We have addressed miniaturisation using multimode interference architectures to directly implement NxN Hadamard operations [16], and by using high refractive index contrast materials such as SiO$_{\mathrm{x}}$N$_{\mathrm{y}}$, in which we have implemented quantum walks of correlated photons [17], and Si, in which we have demonstrated generation of orbital angular momentum states of light [18]. We have incorporated microfluidic channels for the delivery of samples to measure the concentration of a blood protein with entangled states of light [19]. We have begun to address the integration of superconducting single photon detectors [20] and diamond [21,22] and non-linear [23,24] single photon sources. Finally, we give an overview of recent work on fundamental aspects of quantum measurement, including a quantum version of Wheeler's delayed choice experiment [25].\\[4pt] [1] TD Ladd, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Nature }}\textbf{464}, 45 (2010) [2] JL O'Brien, \textbf{\textit{Science}}\textbf{ 318}, 1567 (2007) [3] JL O'Brien, A Furusawa, J Vuckovic \textbf{\textit{Nature Photon.}}\textbf{ 3}, 687 (2009 [4] T Nagata, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science}}\textbf{ 316}, 726 (2007) [5] R Okamoto, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science}}\textbf{ 323}, 483 (2009) [6] A Politi, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science }}\textbf{320}, 646 (2008). [7] A Laing, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett.}}\textbf{ 97}, 211109 (2010) [8] JCF Matthews, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Nature Photon.}}\textbf{ 3}, 346 (2009) [9] A Politi, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science}}\textbf{ 325}, 1221 (2009) [10] JCF Matthews, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.}} \quad \textbf{107}, 163602 (2011) [11] X-Q Zhou, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Nature Comm. }}\textbf{2} 413 2011 [12] E Mart\'{\i}n-L\'{o}pez, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Nature Photon. }}\textbf{6}, 773 (2012) [13] X-Q Zhou, \textit{et al} arXiv:1110.4276 [14] PJ Shadbolt, \textit{et al }\textbf{\textit{Nature Photon.}} \textbf{6}, 45 (2012). [15] D. Bonneau, \textit{et al.} \textbf{\textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.}}, 108, 053601 (2012) [16] A Peruzzo, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Nature Comm.}}\textbf{ 2,} 224 (2011) [17] A Peruzzo, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science }}\textbf{329}, 1500 (2010) [18] X Cai, \textit{et al }\textbf{\textit{Science}} \quad \textbf{338}, 363 (2012) [19] A Crespi, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett. }}\textbf{100}, 233704 (2012) [20] CM Natarajan, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett.}}\textbf{ 96}, 211101 (2010) [21] JP Hadden, \textit{et al }\textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett.}}\textbf{ 97}, 241901 (2010) [22] L Marseglia, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett. }}\textbf{98}, 133107 (2011) [23] C. Xiong, \textit{et al.} \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett.}}\textbf{ 98}, 051101 (2011) [24] M. Lobino, \textit{et al}, \textbf{\textit{Appl. Phys. Lett. }}\textbf{99}, 081110 (2011) [25] E. Engin, \textit{ et al.} arXiv:1204.4922 [25] A. Peruzzo, \textit{et al} \textbf{\textit{Science}} \textbf{338}, 634 (2012) [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 19, 2013 10:24AM - 11:00AM |
F3.00005: Quantum information processing with trapped ions Invited Speaker: John Gaebler Trapped ions are one promising architecture for scalable quantum information processing. Ion qubits are held in multizone traps created from segmented arrays of electrodes and transported between trap zones using time varying electric potentials applied to the electrodes. Quantum information is stored in the ions' internal hyperfine states and quantum gates to manipulate the internal states and create entanglement are performed with laser beams and microwaves. Recently we have made progress in speeding up the ion transport and cooling processes that were the limiting tasks for the operation speed in previous experiments. We are also exploring improved two-qubit gates and new methods for creating ion entanglement. [Preview Abstract] |
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