Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2013
Volume 58, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 18–22, 2013; Baltimore, Maryland
Session N41: Hybrid Systems for Quantum Simulation |
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Sponsoring Units: GSNP DAMOP Room: 350 |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
N41.00001: Counting statistics of phase slips in superconducting interferometers Phillip Weinberg, Andrew Murphy, Alex Levchenko, Victor Vakaryuk, Alexey Bezryadin In the superconducting proximity circuits, stochastic switching from the super-current carrying state to dissipative normal state is triggered by the topological fluctuations of the order parameter - phase slips. We study theoretically switching current statistics in a double-nanowire quantum interferometer as a function of the applied magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the device. This system is a prototype of the double-slit experiment in optics which allows to probe macroscopic coherence of superconducting condensates. Magnetic field induces Meissner currents in the leads that lock superconducting phases across the wires. As a results phase slips that occur in the wires are not independent. We calculate dispersion of the switching current distribution as well as higher moment and find that they oscillate as the function of the field. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
N41.00002: Inverse Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg interferometry for the measurement of a resonator's state using a qubit Sergey Shevchenko, Sahel Ashhab, Franco Nori We consider theoretically a superconducting qubit - nanomechanical resonator system, which was realized recently by LaHaye et al. [Nature 459, 960 (2009)]. We formulate and solve the inverse Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg problem, where we assume the driven qubit's state to be known (i.e. measured by some other device) and aim to find the parameters of the qubit's Hamiltonian. In particular, for our system the qubit's bias is defined by the nanomechanical resonator's displacement. This may provide a tool for monitoring the nanomechanical resonator 's position. [S. N. Shevchenko, S. Ashhab, and F. Nori, Phys. Rev. B 85, 094502 (2012).] [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
N41.00003: Towards a spin-ensemble quantum memory for superconducting qubits Patrice Bertet, Yuimaru Kubo, Cecile Grezes, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, Igor Diniz, Alexia Auffeves, Junichi Isoya, Anais Dreau, Jean-Fran\c{c}ois Roch, Vincent Jacques, Brian Julsgaard, Klaus Moelmer A multi-mode quantum memory able to store coherently large numbers of qubit states is a desirable resource for quantum information. We report progress towards this direction, using an ensemble of electronic spins (NV centers in diamond) coupled to a superconducting transmon qubit via a tunable resonator. We demonstrate the reversible coherent storage and retrieval of a single microwave photon from the qubit into the spin ensemble [1]. In this experiment the storage time was however limited by inhomogeneous broadening of the ensemble of spins. We propose a realistic protocol that should extend the ensemble storage time by several orders of magnitude, based on spin-echo like pulse sequences; first experimental results will be presented. \\[4pt] [1] Y. Kubo et al., PRL 107, 220501 (2011). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
N41.00004: Superconducting Microstrip Resonator for Spin-Based Quantum Processor Hamid Reza Mohebbi, Olaf Benningshof, Troy Borneman, Ivar Taminiau, Guo-Xing Miao, David G. Cory We report the design and results of a novel superconducting microstrip line resonator for pulsed ESR experiments of thin films.~The resonator generates a homogeneous in-plane microwave magnetic field. This resonator consists of an array of superconducting half-wave microstrip transmission lines~to achieve high-Q resonance. They are driven via an in-phase splitter and so maintain a resonance at one single frequency. In addition the resonator has a relatively small mode. The performance, sensitivity and small mode volume are demonstrated through our observation of strong coupling and ESR spectroscopy. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
N41.00005: Systematic studies of optically-trapped dielectric nanospheres Levi Neukirch, Jan Gieseler, Romain Quidant, Lukas Novotny, Nick Vamivakas Mesoscopic resonators have garnered significant interest recently in a number of experiments designed to blur the line between classical and quantum systems. In particular, optically trapped mesoscopic particles offer a distinct advantage over many other systems, as they can be mechanically isolated from the environment. We present results from dynamical studies of micro- and nano-scale dielectric particles suspended in a free-space optical dipole trap. Particle position is monitored via the interference of scattered and unscattered laser light. Of interest are the effects of the trap laser and ambient pressure on the external motion and internal temperature of the particles. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
N41.00006: Atomic manipulation for a hybrid system: tapered optical fibers with high transmission and a pyramid MOT J.E. Hoffman, J.A. Grover, M. Hafezi, J.B. Hertzberg, P. Kordell, J. Lee, S. Ravets, U. Chukwu, K.D. Voigt, J.R. Anderson, G. Beadie, F.K. Fatemi, C.J. Lobb, L.A. Orozco, J.M. Taylor, S.L. Rolston, F.C. Wellstood To create a hybrid quantum system, we plan to trap neutral atoms in the evanescent optical field from an optical nanofiber and move them to within a few microns above a SQUID in a dilution refrigerator that operates at 10 mK. A key component in this experiment is a long section (10 cm) of optical fiber with a uniform diameter of about 500 nm, sufficiently small that the light propagates on the surface of the fiber as an evanescent wave. We have produced suitably long nanofibers with carefully tapered sections that allow matching of the optical field in the tapered and untapered sections. We have achieved more than 99.95{\%} transmission of the fundamental mode and good evanescent fields; as well as more than 85{\%} transmission when using higher order modes. A single-beam, magneto-optical trap that uses optical gratings captures and cools atoms to load on the nanofiber to work at cryogenic temperatures. We will present our technique, key results, and progress towards trapping atoms on the fibers. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
N41.00007: Development of a hybrid quantum system employing a tunable high-Q superconducting microwave resonator and trapped laser-cooled atoms Jared Hertzberg, K. Voigt, Z. Kim, J. Hoffman, J. Grover, J. Lee, S. Ravets, M. Hafezi, J. Taylor, A. Choudhary, J. Anderson, C. Lobb, L. Orozco, S. Rolston, F. Wellstood We present progress toward a hybrid quantum system in which microwave quanta stored in a superconducting flux qubit are coupled through a magnetic dipole interaction to laser-trapped atoms. In initial experiments, our goal will be to couple a microfabricated superconducting LC resonator to the 6.835 GHz hyperfine splitting in an ensemble of $^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb atoms. By trapping the atoms in the evanescent field of a 500-nm-wide optical fiber, we will seek to place them within 10 micrometers of the chip surface, where they will interact with the near-field of the microwave mode. In previous work we have demonstrated a frequency-tunable superconducting resonator having Q \textgreater 100,000. [1] Here we will describe improvements in the resonator's design to reduce its sensitivity to absorbed photons, as well as the design of components to position the resonator relative to the optical fiber within a dilution refrigerator. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
N41.00008: Quantum hybrid platform using electrons and superconducting electronics N. Daniilidis, D. Gorman, L. Tian, H. Haeffner We describe a quantum information processing (QIP) architecture based on single trapped electrons and superconducting electronics. The electron spins function as quantum memory elements, and the electron motion is used to couple the electrons to microwave circuits. To achieve this, we propose a parametric coupling mechanism which utilizes the non-linearity of the electrostatic potential of a sharp electrode placed $10\,\mu$m from a single trapped electron. This mechanism allows parametric coupling rates higher than $350\,$kHz for electrons with trap frequency of $300\,$MHz, coupled to a $7\,$GHz resonant circuit. We discuss state transfer and entangling operations between distant electrons, as well as between electrons and superconducting qubits, e.g. transmon qubits. The coupling to high frequency superconducting electronics enables initialization as well as state read-out of the electron motion. In addition, the electron's $\{ \vert 0\rangle,\,\vert 1\rangle \}$ motional manifold can be mapped onto its spin using a non-linear oscillating magnetic field, completing all requirements for quantum computing with the electron spin. We estimate that all involved operations can be carried out with fidelities on the order of 0.999 enabling fault-tolerant quantum computing. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
N41.00009: Discrete Two-Level Systems Coupled to a Tunable High Q Superconducting Microwave Resonator Kristen Voigt, J. Hertzberg, Z. Kim, J. Hoffman, J. Grover, J. Lee, S. Ravets, M. Hafezi, J. Taylor, A. Choudhary, J. Anderson, C. Lobb, L. Orozco, S. Rolston, F. Wellstood We have developed a tunable ``lumped-element" thin-film superconducting Al microwave resonator [1] and used it for measuring two level systems. The device is intended for coupling to the hyperfine splitting of trapped $^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb atoms at 6.83 GHz. By moving a superconducting Al pin towards the inductor of the resonator using a piezo stage, we can tune the resonance over a range of 130 MHz. We measure the system by weakly coupling to an on-chip transmission line. At 12 mK the quality factor is typically 100,000. While holding the tuning pin at a fixed position, we can also apply a dc voltage to the transmission line. We observe small reproducible shifts of the resonance frequency as the voltage is changed. These shifts are more pronounced at lower power, which suggests the effect is attributable to discrete charged two-level systems in the sapphire substrate or surface Al oxide. We discuss our results and the characteristics of the underlying two-level systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
N41.00010: High cooperativity in coupled microwave resonator - ferromagnetic insulator hybrids Hans Huebl, Christoph Zollitsch, Johannes Lotze, Fredrik Hocke, Moritz Greifenstein, Achim Marx, Rudolf Gross, Sebastian T.B. Gross Solid-state based quantum systems (e.g. single spin systems like NV centers in diamond or phosphor donors in silicon, superconducting qubits, nanomagnets) are building blocks for devices exploiting quantum physics phenomena. With different quantum systems available, schemes allowing to couple them move into focus. In particular, a coupling will enable the exchange of information between dressed states. Here, we report the observation of strong coupling between the exchange-coupled spins in gallium-doped yttrium iron garnet, and a superconducting coplanar microwave resonator made from Nb [1]. The measured coupling rate of 450 MHz is proportional to the square-root of the number of exchange-coupled spins and well exceeds the loss rate of 50 MHz of the spin system. This demonstrates that exchange-coupled systems are suitable for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments, while allowing high integration densities due to their extraordinary high spin densities. Our results furthermore show that experiments with multiple exchange-coupled spin systems interacting via a single resonator are within reach. [1] H. Huebl, C. Zollitsch, J. Lotze, F. Hocke, M. Greifenstein, A. Marx, R. Gross, S.T.B. Goennenwein, arXiv: 1207.6039 (2012). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
N41.00011: Interfacing Rydberg atoms with superconducting circuits S. Filipp, T. Thiele, M. Stammeier, A. Wallraff, S.D. Hogan, J.A. Agner, F. Merkt Hybrid quantum system are promising candidates for future quantum computing architectures because they provide the potential to combine the best properties of different physical systems. Here, we bring together Rydberg atoms and microwave photons emanating from a co-planar waveguide with the ultimate goal to interface long-lived Rydberg atoms with well-controllable superconducting qubits. In our cryogenic experiment, helium atoms pass over microwave electrodes hosted on a printed circuit board. By applying resonant microwave pulses, we induce transitions between Rydberg states with principal quantum number n=31-35 and observe coherent Rabi oscillations with typical oscillation periods of about 50ns [1]. From spectral measurements we can characterize the interaction between the atoms and surface fields leading to decoherence. The analysis of the inhomogeneously broadened lineshapes indicates that the stray electric field strength decreases with the inverse square of the atom-surface distance [2]. In experiments in preparation we plan to employ on-chip superconducting resonators to study the strong interaction of Rydberg atoms with few or individual microwave photons.\\[4pt] [1] S.D. Hogan et al., PRL 108, 063004 (2012).\\[0pt] [2] J.D. Carter and J.D.D. Martin, PRA 83, 032902 (2011). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
N41.00012: Quantum-classical transition of synchronization of two coupled cavities Tony Lee, Michael Cross Synchronization is a phenomenon that appears throughout physics, biology, and chemistry. There has been much work on how synchronization arises in the classical regime. Motivated by current interest in quantum dissipative systems, we investigate whether synchronization can exist in the quantum regime. We consider a pair of cavities with second harmonic generation. In the classical limit, each cavity has a limit cycle solution, in which the photon number oscillates periodically in time. Coupling between the cavities leads to synchronization of the limit cycles. We follow what happens to the synchronization as the system becomes more quantum, by decreasing the photon number. We find that temporal correlations between the cavities survive deep in the quantum limit when there is much less than one photon in each cavity, because classical correlations are replaced by quantum correlations. Our results can be extended to optomechanics and Jaynes-Cummings cavities. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
N41.00013: Linear Coupling between Transverse Modes of a Nanomechanical Resonator Patrick Truitt, Jared Hertzberg, Keith Schwab Recently, several groups have identified a linear coupling between different vibrational modes of nanomechanical resonators. We report observations of such a coupling between the two transverse modes of a doubly-clamped Si$_3$N$_4$ resonator with transverse resonance frequencies of 8.4 and 8.7 MHz. The resonator is voltage biased with respect to a nearby gate electrode for capactive readout. Increasing the gate bias introduces an electrostatic contribution to the spring constant of each mode, reducing the frequency gap between the two modes. At degeneracy, we observe an avoided crossing of ~100 kHz. Measurements of the displacement amplitudes and quality factors through degeneracy is consistent with a linear superposition of the two modes. Magnetomotive measurements, which are sensitive to the projection of each mode's displacement onto an applied field, show that the coupled modes remain linearly polarized, with the direction of polarization rotating with increasing gate bias. In an effort to identify the source of the coupling, we constructed a finite element model of the resonator-gate capacitance and find that the observed coupling is an order of magnitude larger than what is expected from electrostatic gradients alone. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
N41.00014: Dynamic Simulation of Trapping and Controlled Rotation of a Microscale Rod Driven by Line Optical Tweezers Mahdi Haghshenas-Jaryani, Alan Bowling, Samarendra Mohanty Since the invention of optical tweezers, several biological and engineering applications, especially in micro-nanofluid, have been developed. For example, development of optically driven micromotors, which has an important role in microfluidic applications, has vastly been considered. Despite extensive experimental studies in this field, there is a lack of theoretical work that can verify and analyze these observations. This work develops a dynamic model to simulate trapping and controlled rotation of a microscale rod under influence of the optical trapping forces. The laser beam, used in line optical tweezers with a varying trap's length, was modeled based on a ray-optics approach. Herein, the effects of viscosity of the surrounding fluid (water), gravity, and buoyancy were included in the proposed model. The predicted results are in overall agreement with the experimental observation, which make the theoretical model be a viable tool for investigating the dynamic behavior of small size objects manipulated by optical tweezers in fluid environments. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
N41.00015: Ion photon networks for quantum computing and quantum repeaters Susan Clark, David Hayes, David Hucul, I. Volkan Inlek, Christopher Monroe Quantum information based on ion-trap technology is well regarded for its stability, high detection fidelity, and ease of manipulation. Here we demonstrate a proof of principle experiment for scaling this technology to large numbers of ions in separate traps by linking the ions via photons. We give results for entanglement between distant ions via probabilistic photonic gates that is then swapped between ions in the same trap via deterministic Coulombic gates. We report fidelities above 65\% and show encouraging preliminary results for the next stage of experimental improvement. Such a system could be used for quantum computing requiring large numbers of qubits or for quantum repeaters requiring the qubits to be separated by large distances. [Preview Abstract] |
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