Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2008 APS March Meeting
Volume 53, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 10–14, 2008; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session V28: Focus Session: Optical Properties of Nanostructures VI: Nanoscale Metamaterials |
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Sponsoring Units: DMP Chair: Vladimir Shalaev, Purdue University Room: Morial Convention Center 220 |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
V28.00001: Plasmonic Metamaterials and Devices Invited Speaker: |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
V28.00002: Backward-wave optical parametric amplification and mirrorless oscillations in negative-index materials Alexander Popov, Sergey Myslivets, Vladimir Shalaev Extraordinary properties of mirrorless backward-wave OPO in nanostructured crystal have been recently demonstrated in [1]. Phase matching of backward waves is inherent to negative-index materials (NIMs). Extraordinary, distributed-feedback, properties of OPA and possibility of OPO in NIMs were predicted in [2,3]. Herewith, we show the feasibilities and explore the features of the mirrorless OPO and of the generation of counterpropagating left-handed signal and right-handed idler photons in NIMs. Two different options are investigated. One is OPO based on intrinsic quadratic nonlinearity of the NIM. Another option is four-wave mixing OPO based on separately engineered strong cubic nonlinearity through resonant nonlinear impurities. It is shown that in the latter case the OPO properties can be tailored by quantum control. [1] C. Canalias and V. Pasiskevicius, \textit{Nat. Photonics} \textbf{1}, 459 (2007) [2] A. K. Popov and V. M. Shalaev, Opt. Lett. \textbf{31}, 2169 (2006). [3] A. K. Popov, S. A. Myslivets, T. F. George and V. M. Shalaev, Opt. Lett. \textbf{32}, 3044 (2007) [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
V28.00003: Tunable photonic crystals with nonlinear composite materials Kin Wah Yu, J. P. Huang, G. Wang Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic dielectric structures that are designed to control the flow of electromagnetic (EM) waves. The main attraction of PCs is the existence of photonic band gaps, for frequencies within which the propagation of EM waves can be forbidden leading to many promising applications in the areas of computing and communication for their advantages over electronics. In this work, we report a novel class of tunable photonic crystals consisting of multilayers of noble-metal nanoparticles in dielectric composites with nonlinear responses [1]. For such PCs, precise tunability of photonic band gaps can be achieved by choosing appropriate pump AC or DC electric fields [2]. Moreover, we study the dynamics of Bloch oscillation in such PCs so as to realize terahertz radiation which is relevant in medical physics. \newline \newline [1] J. P. Huang, K. W. Yu, Phys. Rep. {\bf 431}, 87 (2006). \newline [2] G. Wang, J. P. Huang, K. W. Yu, Appl. Phys. Lett. {\bf 91}, 191117 (2007). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
V28.00004: Enhanced and Resonant Transmission of Light through Dielectric-filled Subwavelength Waveguides Huizhong Xu, Pangshun Zhu, Harold G. Craighead, Watt W. Webb We analyze transmission of light through dielectric-filled subwavelength waveguides in a metal using both analytical and numerical methods. Our analysis revealed that a propagating mode can in principle exist in a waveguide of arbitrarily small size when a certain relationship between the dielectric constants of the metallic cladding and filling material is satisfied. Transmission through a subwavelength aperture of finite length can be further enhanced when the length is such that Fabry-P\'{e}rot-like resonances are excited. Strong, localized near-field intensity at the exit can be achieved with this mechanism for aperture diameters down to $\sim \lambda $/20. We will describe potential applications of this resonantly enhanced transmission phenomenon in near-field scanning optical microscopy and single-molecule spectroscopy. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
V28.00005: Transmission of images with subwavelength resolution to distances of several wavelengths in microwave, terahertz and infrared ranges Pavel Belov, Mario Silveirinha, Pekka Ikonen, Constantin Simovski, Sergei Tretyakov, Yan Zhao, Yang Hao, Clive Parini The resolution of conventional imaging systems is restricted by the diffraction limit: the details smaller than half-wavelength of radiation cannot be resolved. Using novel engineered media with extreme optical anisotropy and waveguiding properties it is possible to overcome the classical limit and create devices capable of transmitting images with subwavelength resolution over long distances. We report experimental results that demonstrate transmission of a microwave image by means of an array of parallel metallic rods over a distance 3.5 times greater than the wavelength. The resolution of such imaging device is 15 times less than the wavelength. The magnifying, demagnifying and repeating properties of lenses formed by long metallic rods provide a unique solution for subwavelength imaging at microwave and terahertz ranges. At microwaves, the resolution of such lenses is mainly determined by the characteristic period, which is limited only by the fabrication capability rather than by any physical constraints. At higher frequencies, the resolution is mainly limited by the skin-depth of the rods material. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
V28.00006: All Optical Method for Positioning Single Quantum Dots in Photonic Crystal Nanocavities Susanna Thon, Matthew Rakher, Jan Gudat, Hyochul Kim, William Irvine, Dirk Bouwmeester, Nick Stoltz, Pierre Petroff Single self-assembled InAs quantum dots embedded in GaAs photonic crystal (PC) defect cavities are a promising system for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments. Achieving controllable coupling between the PC cavity mode and quantum dot emission is difficult, however, due to the random nucleation locations and spectral properties of individual quantum dots. We have developed a novel, all optical scheme for locating single dots relative to prefabricated markers on the sample surface with sub-10 nm accuracy which should allow us to custom fabricate PC cavities tuned to the exact position and frequency of the quantum dots. Initial experimental results are presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
V28.00007: Effect of Shape Parameters on NanoOptronic Circuit Element Optical Response Timothy Corrigan, Dominic Britti, Paul Kolb, Andrie Sushkov, Dennis Drew, Shyhuah Guo, Raymond Phaneuf We examine the effect on the visible-near IR response of a number geometrical parameters of optical circuit elements with potential applications for guiding light for communications and for use in other metamaterial/optoelectronics applications. Rounding of edges produces a shift in the resonance frequency transmission measurements and in numerical simulations. We also examine the effect of shape parameters on the response of u-shaped and single split-ring Ag structures and discuss the LC circuit model in describing their optical response. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
V28.00008: Photon-photon correlations from a resonantly driven quantum dot in a microcavity Edward Flagg, Andreas Muller, John Robertson, Thai Tran, Dennis Deppe, Wenquan Ma, Jaiyu Zhang, Gregory Salamo, Chih-Kang Shih We demonstrate strongly driven resonance fluorescence from a single~InGaAs quantum dot in a planar microcavity by measuring the oscillatory second-order correlation function, $g^{(2)}(t)$, of the photoluminescence. Resonance fluorescence is emission from a coherently and resonantly~excited two-level quantum system and under strong CW excitation the system undergoes one or more Rabi oscillations before emitting.~ These oscillations are observed in $g^{(2)}(t)$ rather than the simple anti-bunching dip caused by incoherent excitation. This behavior shows, along with other measurements, that the quantum dot is~well-described by a simple two-level model even at high excitation intensities.~ The dot is resonantly excited with a laser via the waveguide mode of the microcavity and the emission couples into the Fabry-Perot mode where it is collected. The~ability to perform coherent manipulations on a single quantum emitter is a critical step on the~road to many quantum optical devices including high efficiency indistinguishable single photon sources. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
V28.00009: Pitfalls of nano-spectroscopy Andrew Walsh, Wolfgang Bacsa, A. Nickolas Vamivakas, Anna Swan We demonstrate the unique and inherent linkage between spatial location and spectral signature caused by an individual nano-scale emitter. We show false spectral shifts and artificial line width broadening which we contrast with results from extended emitters. The findings are general for spectroscopy of any nano-scale 0D or 1D object, such as single fluorescent molecules, quantum dots or nano-rods, but here we demonstrate these effects using Raman spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes suspended across gaps tens of microns wide. We explain the origin of these effects and discuss how proper spectrometer alignment and selection of spectrometer parameters is critical in order to avoid misinterpretation of the spectral data. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 13, 2008 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
V28.00010: Wavefront Analysis as a Predictive Tool for Polymer/Liquid Crystal Composites with Nanostructures Jared Coyle, Sameet Shriyan, Adam Fontecchio Nano-scale morphology is a key factor in determining the optical performance of holographically-formed polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) thin films. The liquid crystal(LC)/polymer interface and droplet structure in these materials effects optical performance. Established microscopy techniques such as SEM and TEM are conventionally used to examine interfacial properties. In this paper, HPDLC reflective and transmissive wavefront analysis are used to examine gratings created using three different polymer formulations: acrylate, thiol-ene and a combination of acrylate and thiol-ene. Changes in the modulation transfer function, Strehl ratio and wavefront phase of both transmissive and reflective wavefronts are compared to morphological properties shown in SEM images. Wavefront properties were measured using a Shack Hartman wavefront analyzer. Optical performance characteristics were measured using an Ocean Optics spectrometer, halogen light source and oscilloscope. [Preview Abstract] |
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