Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2007 APS March Meeting
Volume 52, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 5–9, 2007; Denver, Colorado
Session B31: Cold Fusion II |
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Edmund Storms Room: Colorado Convention Center 401 |
Monday, March 5, 2007 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B31.00001: Future Power Production by LENR with Thin-Film Electrodes George H. Miley, Heinz Hora, Andrei Lipson, Nie Luo, P. Joshi. Shrestha PdD cluster reaction theory was recently proposed to explain a wide range of Low energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) experiments\footnote{G. H. Miley, H. Hora, et al., 233rd Amer Chem Soc Meeting, Chicago, IL, March 25-29, 2007.} If understood and optimized, cluster reactions could lead to a revolutionary new power source of nuclear energy. The route is two-fold. First, the excess heat must be obtained reproducibly and over extended run times. Second, the percentage of excess must be significantly (order of magnitude or more) higher than the 20-50\% typically today. The thin film methods described here have proven to be quite reproducible, e.g. providing excess heat of 20-30\% in nine consecutive runs of several weeks each. However, mechanical separation of the films occurs over long runs due to the severe mechanical stresses created.. Techniques to overcome these problems are possible using graded bonding techniques similar to that used in high temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Thus the remaining key issue is to increase the excess heat. The cluster model provides import insight into this. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B31.00002: Engineering of Condensed Matter Nuclear Physics: Heterodyne Behavior in Condensed Matter Nuclear Systems Mitchell R. Swartz Previously, we reported methods\footnote{M.R. Swartz, Bull. of the APS, 50, \#1, part 2, 1203 (2005).}$^,$\footnote{M.R.Swartz, Proc ICCF10, 29-44; 45-54, and 213-226 (2006).} to semi-quantitatively measure and control tardive thermal power (TTP) which develops long after the termination of electric input power in condensed matter high-deuteron-flux Phusor devices providing (Pt/D2O/Pd; ~0.5 cm$^3$) peak excess power ratios circa 2.30+/-.84 $^2$$^,$$^3$. Now we report one method to improve excess energy using heterodyned CMN systems using both normal and TTD operation - heterodyne operation (that is, ` $hetero$ ' for other, and ` $dyne$ ' for power). By augmenting the conventional excess energy produced by CMN active systems (normal operation) with the additional energy (``other power'') resulting from the time integral of TTP (``heat after death''), the net time-integrated excess energy (output energy beyond that applied as the input energy) is greater than we have previously reported$^2$ and may be maximized using TTD drive techniques$^1$. Initial experiments of heterodyned active samples, capable of excess heat operation at the optimal operating point, have yielded excess energy increases of up to four times beyond that obtained without heterodyned operation. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B31.00003: Maruhn-Greiner Maximum for Confirmation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) via a Compound Nucleus with Double Magic Numbers Heinrich Hora, George Miley One of the most convincing facts about LENR due to deuterons (ds) or protons of very high concentration in host metals of palladium is the measurement of the large scale minimum in the reaction probability with product elements centered around the nucleon number A = 153. The local maximum was measured\footnote{J. Maruhn et al, Phys. Rev. Letters 32, 548 (1974)} in this region is similar to fission of uranium at A = 119 where the local maximum follows the Maruhn-Greiner mechanism$^1$. We suggest this phenomenon can be explained by the strong screening of the Maxwellian ds on the degenerate rigid electron background within the swimming electrons at the metal surface or thin filem interfaces. The deuterons behave like neutrals at distances of above 2 picometers (pm) and form clusters due to soft attraction in the range of thermal energy; 10 pm diameter clusters can react over long time scales (10$^6$ s) with Pd leading to double magic number compound nuclei 306x126 \footnote{] H. Hora, G.H. Miley, CzechJ. Phys. 48, 1111 (1998)} decaying via fission to an A=153 element distribution. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B31.00004: The Science of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Edmund Storms The large literature describing the anomalous behavior attributed to cold fusion or low energy nuclear reactions has been critically described in a recently published book\footnote{Edmund K Storms, The Science of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions, in press (2006). Also see: http://www.lenr-canr.org/StudentsGuide.htm }. Over 950 publications are evaluated allowing the phenomenon to be understood. A new class of nuclear reactions has been discovered that are able to generate practical energy without significant radiation or radioactivity. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B31.00005: Time Resolved, High Resolution Gamma Ray and Integrated Charged and Knock-on Particle Measurements of a Pd:D Co-deposition Cell Lawrence P.G. Forsley, Gary Phillips, Jay Khim, Pamela Mosier-Boss, Frank Gordon, Stanislaw Szpak Time resolved, with a 10 second interval, high resolution gamma ray measurements using a high efficiency cryogenically cooled gamma ray detector have been taken simultaneously with a CR-39 integrating charged particle detector on a series of experiments in conjunction with the Navy SPAWAR Pd:D co-deposition cell. These results include anomalous, coincident, gamma ray emissions from witness materials in the cell in conjunction with the CR-39 data. There is evidence of a variety of knock-on particles as well. The copious data, exceeding 10,000 tracks/mm2, offers a means to distinguish among various condensed matter nuclear science theories. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B31.00006: Two-level systems and a low-energy oscillator: Excitation transfer and energy exchange Peter Hagelstein, Irfan Chaudhary We first consider one set of matched two-level systems that are coupled to an oscillator with an energy much lower than that of the two-level systems. We show that energy can be exchanged between the two systems coherently, illustrating the effect both with the results of a direct numerical calculation, and also with an analytic result. We then show that excitation can be transferred between two sets of two-level systems that are coupled indirectly through a low-energy oscillator. We illustrate the effect with a direct numerical calculation, and also with an analytic result. Finally, both of these effects are significantly enhanced when energetic loss channels are open to the oscillator. This is illustrated with numerical and analytic calculations. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B31.00007: Material Science Developments Enhancing Excess of Power Reproducibility V. Violante, M. Bertolotti, E. Castagna$^1$, M. McKubre, F. Sarto, C. Sibilia$^1$, F. Tanzella$^2$, T. Zilov Material science research activities have been carried out in order to increase the reproducibility of the excess of power production during electrochemical loading of palladium with deuterium. In the past a wide work was developed to obtain a metallurgical structure of the palladium able to ensure a significant loading of deuterium above the threshold of 0.95 (D/Pd atomic fraction). It was observed that the high loading of the Pd cathode with deuterium was a necessary condition to have the occurrence of the excess of power production. The more recent work was mainly oriented to optimize the material properties in order to have a significant improvement of the reproducibility of the excess of power. During the last campaign of experiments more than 50\% of the experienced cathodes produced excess of heat ranging from 30\% up to more than 100\% of the input. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B31.00008: Quantization of Differences Between Atomic and Nuclear Rest Masses and Self-organization of Atoms and Nuclei F.A. Gareev, I.E. Zhidkova We come to the conclusion that all atomic models based on either the Newton equation and the Kepler laws, or the Maxwell equations, or the Schrodinger and Dirac equations are in reasonable agreement with experimental data. We can only suspect that these equations are grounded on the same fundamental principle(s) which is (are) not known or these equations can be transformed into each other. We proposed a new mechanism of LENR: cooperative processes in the whole system – nuclei + atoms + condensed matter - nuclear reactions in plasma - can occur at smaller threshold energies than the corresponding ones on free constituents. We were able to quantize\footnote{F.A. Gareev, I.E. Zhidkova, E-print arXiv Nucl-th/ 0610002 2006.} phenomenologically the first time the differences between atomic and nuclear rest masses by the formula: $\delta$$\delta$M =n$_1$/n$_2$ X 0.0076294 (in MeV/ c$^2$), n$_i$=1,2,3,.... Note that this quantization rule is justified for atoms and nuclei with different A, N and Z and the nuclei and atoms represent a coherent synchronized systems - a complex of coupled oscillators (resonators). The cooperative resonance synchronization mechanisms can explain how electron volt (atomic-) scale processes can induce and control nuclear MeV (nuclear-) scale processes and reactions., [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B31.00009: Anomalous Nuclear Phenomena Associated with Ultrafast Processes Xingliu Jiang, Xiaoping Zhou, Lijun Han , Liyin Wang Localized nuclear reactions on the tips of the surface of electrodes in electrolysis cells have been observed by using solid detectors CR-39 and autoradiography in our laboratory at the period of May, 1989. A physical model\footnote{Jiang Xingliu, Lei Jinzhi, Torsion field and tapping the zero-point energy in an electrochemical system, J. of New Energy, 4(2), 93(1999).} of transient vortex dynamics with torsion coherence with the zero point energy has been proposed by Xingliu Jiang based on the ultrafast processes of tripple phases area of tip effect on the electrode surface. Considering the large equivelent capacitance of electrochemical double layer, it is presumed that the double layer can exhibit nonlinear electrical response with spatial and temporal variations confined to micreoscopic areas by tip effect. Recent work\footnote{B. Naranjo, J.K. Gimzewski \& S. Putterman, Observation of nuclear fusion driven by a pyroelectric crystal, Nature, 434, 1115(2005).} reveals that nuclear reactions which usually occur at the field of high energy states, could be created in the systems of far from equilibrium with nonlinear beharvior at room tempurature.Our current understanging of science is like a puzzle with a large missing piece-zero point energy. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 5, 2007 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B31.00010: Search for Charged Particle Tracks Using CR-39 Detectors to Replicate the SPAWAR Pd/D External Field Co-Deposition Protocol Winthrop Williams A solution of 0.031 M PdCl2 and 0.30 M LiCl in D2O was electrolyzed between Pt anode and Ag cathode wires at currents ranging from 100 microamps to 100 milliamps in two similar series-connected plastic butyrate cells. Pd and D were co- deposited onto the Ag cathodes. CR-39 detectors adjacent to the Ag cathode wires were used to search for charged particle tracks in each cell. An external magnetic field was applied to one of the two cells.\\ \\ Throughout the experiment, ambient temperature, current through and voltage across each cell were monitored. Current was applied in a stepped fashion, starting at 0.1mA increasing by factors of 2 to 5 up to 100mA. [Preview Abstract] |
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