Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2006 APS March Meeting
Monday–Friday, March 13–17, 2006; Baltimore, MD
Session B40: Topics in Quantum Foundations |
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Sponsoring Units: TGQI DCMP Chair: Terry Rudolph, Imperial College London Room: Baltimore Convention Center 343 |
Monday, March 13, 2006 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B40.00001: Bell's inequalities: derivation, violation, and implications Louis Sica Cross-correlations among jointly present data sets satisfy the Bell inequality as a fact of mathematics. Violation of Bell's inequalities by data correlations obtained in independent trials of quantum mechanical correlation experiments shows that a wide-sense spatially stationary (in angle) process cannot account for the Bell cosine correlation. Since the correlations usually measured are cosinusoidal, at least one variable pair of those constrained by a Bell's inequality must have a correlation function different from the usual cosine in order to satisfy the inequality. When nonlocal information is used to construct correlations among real and counterfactual measurements, the correlation functions obtained are not all of the simple cosine form, and the set of correlations satisfies the Bell inequalities. Thus, the resulting correlations are not based on a wide-sense stationary process. The same conclusion holds for properly correlated experimental data. These considerations may be extended to the domain of well-known inequalities in probabilities that follow from the correlational inequalities upon assuming a simple symmetry condition. Such results imply that a proof of nonlocality based on Bell's inequality violation must use different reasoning from that used historically. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B40.00002: Correlated observables in field theoretic terms: single- and multi-particle systems Ian Durham In recent years correlations between two degrees of freedom for a single particle have been experimentally demonstrated and further experiments have been suggested. This has presented a more direct test of non-contextuality. The results indicate that quantum mechanical entanglement is a more complex process than non-local theories generally suggest. The nature of both the single-particle and multi-particle entanglement processes suggest that perhaps a field theoretic solution is tenable where measurements actually transform the entire field. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B40.00003: Differences between the Measurement Process and Schr$\ddot{\mbox{o}} $dinger Evolution Steiner Michael An overview of the Measurement Problem is given and an argument is presented that reduces the measurement problem to a 2-qubit problem of entanglement. In current experiments, the measurement problem has not been a limitation on what can be predicted. If the problem were to continue to not be a limitation for all future experiments of interest, then the problem may be interesting from a philosophical perspective, but is not limiting in terms of physical predictions. However, the author will show examples to illustrate why this is not the case. Certain experiments would be incorrectly predicted if the measurement process were replaced by Schr$\ddot{\mbox{o}} $dinger evolution. Hence understanding the reason for measurement is of primary interest. A new direction toward developing a comprehensive theory will be proposed. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B40.00004: Inference of Schr\"{o}dinger Equation from Classical-Mechanics Solution JX Zheng-Johansson, P-I Johansson We set up the classical wave equation for a particle formed of an oscillatory massless charge, traveling at velocity $v$ in a potential $V(X)$ in a one-d box along $X$ axis, and its electromagnetic waves $\{\varphi_p^j \}$ (as virtual or ``hidden'' processes) as: $[c^2-\frac{V}{m}] \frac{\partial^2 \psi}{\partial X^2} = \frac {\partial^2\psi}{\partial T^2}$ (1). Where $\psi=\sum \varphi^j_p$; $p=$ {\it incident} or {\it reflected}, $j=\dagger $ or $ \ddagger$ for $\angle{[c,v]}=0 $ or $\pi$, $c$ velocity of light, $M=m\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}=\frac{h {\mit\Omega}}{2\pi c^2}$ the particle's rest mass, $\frac{{\mit\Omega}}{2\pi}$ wave frequency for $v=0$, and $h$ Planck constant. For $V=$const, Eq (1) has the plane wave solutions: $\{ \varphi_p^j=C_1 e^{i(K^j X-{{\mit\Omega}}^j T )} \}$; $K^j(j={\mbox{$\tiny{{\dagger \brace \ddagger}}$}})=\frac{K}{1 \mp v/c}$ is a Doppler-displaced wavevector; ${{\mit\Omega}} ^j=K^j c$. From $\sum\varphi_p^j$, we get a standing beat, or de Broglie phase wave for the particle total motion: $\psi =4C_1\cos(KX)e^{i({\mit\Omega}+\frac{{{\mit\Omega}}_d}{2}) T } {\mit\Psi}$. Where ${\mit\Psi}=C\sin(K_d X)e^{-i\frac{{{\mit\Omega}}_d}{2} T} $ describes the particle motion, and $K_d= \sqrt{(K^{\mbox{\tiny${\dagger}$}}-K)(K-K^{\mbox {\tiny${\ddagger}$}})} =(\frac{v}{c})K$ the de Broglie wavevector; ${{\mit\Omega}} _d=vK_d $. For $V$ varying, we get similarly a $\psi$ and ${\mit\Psi}$ from sums of partial plane waves from all of infinitesimal $(X_i, X_i+\Delta X)$. We can in turn subtract (1) by itself but with $v=0$, getting an equation for ${\mit \Psi} $: $[-\frac{\hbar^2}{2M} \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial X ^2} +V(X)] {\mit \Psi}=i\hbar\frac{\partial {\mit \Psi}}{ \partial T}$, which is equivalent to the Schr\"{o}dinger equation. (The so represented QM invites not the so-called EPR paradox.) \quad [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B40.00005: Aton, Relativity, and Quantum Mechanics Alfred Phillips, Jr. In the mechanics of the Aton, we have shown that the Davisson-Germer experiments and other crystal based experiments can be modeled without recourse to particle-wave notions. We have also shown that the energy levels of the hydrogen atom and the helium atom can be calculated accurately with Atonic Mechanics, subject to the limits of three-body effects in the latter atom. Using the Aton concept, we now provide a way to unify Einstein's Relativity with what we commonly refer to as quantum mechanics. We note that entanglement is an intrinsic part of the mechanics of the Aton. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B40.00006: Vortex Theory and Photon Acceleration Effect Konstantin Gridnev, Russell Moon, Victor Vasiliev Using the principles of the Vortex Theory, it was theorized that when a photon encounters an electromagnetic field, both the velocity and the frequency of the photon will change. To prove this idea an experiment was devised using a laser interferometer and electromagnets. The electromagnets were arranged so that when the beam splitter divided the initial beam of laser light into two secondary beams; one of the two secondary beams passed back and forth between the magnets. With the DC current to the electromagnets turned off, the two beams formed an interference pattern on the target screen. When the current to the electromagnets was suddenly turned on, the pattern fluctuated wildly until the two beams again reached a quiescent state creating a stable pattern on the screen; when the current to the electromagnets was suddenly turned off, again the pattern fluctuated wildly until it reached a quiescent state forming the initial stable pattern on the screen. It was determined that this new effect was a phenomenon created by the changing frequency of the laser light whose velocity is increasing as it passes between the expanding electromagnetic field of the magnets. Because it is a new phenomenon in science revealing that the speed of light is not a constant but indeed can be varied. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 13, 2006 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B40.00007: The classical -- quantum border at 10$^{11}$ Hz and Cosmic Microwave Background Simon Berkovich Findings of non-trivial anisotropy of CMB challenge current cosmology. Notably, this has been predicted by our model of the Universe -- a cellular automaton with a rule of distributed fault-tolerant synchronization (http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0509743). This model yields spectrum of elementary `quasi-particles' and fast operational background: `action-at-the-distance' for gravitation, underlying mechanism for Bohm-Hilley's interpretation of quantum phenomena and holographic reference waves for biological information. Matter creation is accompanied with `shock wave' and synchronization-desynchronization undulations of 10$^{-11}$ sec that form CMB. Its structurization is due to eccentric observation, the 2.72$^{0 }$K `temperature' of black body spectrum is indicative of 10$^{11 }$frequency. Quantum strangeness stems from multiplexing of synchronized and desynchronized stages resulting in sophisticated behavior at the former and loose motion at the latter. The relative stage durations are determined by placing in the Universe, and propagation front may impact large molecules depending on their orientation. Quantum and Life mysteries being interrelated, both can be affected by the border frequency. Millimeter waves cause biological effects neither by heating nor direct action, but as a trigger. Mesoscopic quantum phenomena, like, e.g. superconductivity, can be destroyed by 10$^{11}$ Hz. Thus, there is a possibility for a 10$^{11}$ Hz threshold in disrupting quantum entanglement through the suggested multiplexed machinery. \newline [Preview Abstract] |
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