Bulletin of the American Physical Society
69th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference
Volume 61, Number 9
Monday–Friday, October 10–14, 2016; Bochum, Germany
Session SR3: Biological Applications of Plasma IFocus
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Chair: David Graves, University of California at Berkeley Room: 2b |
Thursday, October 13, 2016 2:00PM - 2:30PM |
SR3.00001: The Synergistic Effect between Electrical and Chemical Factors in Plasma Gene/Molecule-Transfection Invited Speaker: Masafumi Jinno This study has been done to know what kind of factors in plasma and processes on cells promote plasma gene/molecule transfection. We have discovered a new plasma source using a microcapillary electrode which enables high transfection efficiency and high cell survivability simultaneously. However, the mechanism of the transfection by plasma was not clear. To clarify the transfection mechanisms by micro plasma, we focused on the effects of electrical (current, charge, field, etc.) and chemical (radicals, RONS, etc.) factors generated by the micro plasma and evaluated the contribution weight of three groups of the effects and processes, i.e. electrical, chemical and biochemical ones. At first, the necessity of the electrical factors was estimated by the laser produced plasma (LPP). Mouse L-929 fibroblast cell was cultured on a 96-well plate or 12-well micro slide chamber. Plasmids pCX-EGFP in Tris-EDTA buffer was dropped on the cells and they were exposed to the capillary discharge plasma (CDP) or the LPP. In the case of the CDP, the plasma was generated between the tip of the capillary electrode and the cells so that both electrical and chemical factors were supplied to the cells. In this setup, about 20$\%$ of average transfection efficiency was obtained. In the case of the LPP, the plasma was generated apart from the cells so that electrical factors were not supplied to the cells. In this setup, no transfection was observed. These results show that the electrical factors are necessary for the plasma gene transfection. Next, the necessity of the chemical factors was estimated the effect of catalase to remove H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ in CDP. The transfection efficiency decreased to 0.4 by scavenging H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ with catalase. However, only the solution of H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ caused no gene transfection in cells. These results shows that H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ is important species to cause gene/molecule transfection but still needs a synergistic effect with electrical or other chemical factors. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, October 13, 2016 2:30PM - 2:45PM |
SR3.00002: (Student Award Finalist) Calcium oxalate syntheses in a solution containing glucose by the atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation Naoyuki Kurake, Hiromasa Tanaka, Kenji Ishikawa, Kae Nakamura, Hiroaki Kajiyama, Fumitaka Kikkawa, Masaaki Mizuno, Yoko Yamanishi, Masaru Hori The non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) has been attracted attention because of its characteristic high reactivity even in a low temperature so that various phenomena by the NEAPP such as a sterilization, growth promotion and so forth have been reported around the world. Previously, we reported the NEAPP irradiation generated the calcium oxalate crystals in the medium, which contains 31 kinds of organics and inorganics. The Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) which was used in previous study is composed of no oxalate. Interestingly, not only crystallization but also synthesis of the oxalate was occurred by the NEAPP irradiation. Also the crystallization details were analyzed with the X-ray diffraction (XRD). In this study, we have clarified the mechanism on the crystallization due that D-glucose, calcium ion and bicarbonate ions are minimum essential components. The oxalate synthesis was proved by the gas chromatography and mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Finally, we conclude that a supersaturation of oxalic acid synthesized in those 3 species by the NEAPP. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, October 13, 2016 2:45PM - 3:00PM |
SR3.00003: Numerical simulation of the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in water by atmospheric-pressure plasmas and their effects on Escherichia coli (E. coli) Kazumasa Ikuse, Satoshi Hamaguchi We have used two types of numerical simulations to examine biological effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated in water by an atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) that irradiates the water surface. One is numerical simulation for the generation and transport of RONS in water based on the reaction-diffusion-advection equations coupled with Poisson equation. The rate constants, mobilities, and diffusion coefficients used in the equations are obtained from the literature. The gaseous species are given as boundary conditions and time evolution of the concentrations of chemical species in pure water is solved numerically as functions of the depth in one dimension. Although it is not clear how living organisms respond to such exogenous RONS, we also use numerical simulation for metabolic reactions of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and examine possible effects of such RONS on an \textit{in-silico} model organism. The computation model is based on the flux balance analysis (FBA), where the fluxes of the metabolites in a biological system are evaluated in steady state, i.e., under the assumption that the fluxes do not change in time. The fluxes are determined with liner programming to maximize the growth rate of the bacteria under the given conditions. Although FBA cannot be directly applied to dynamical responses of metabolic reactions, the simulation still gives insight into the biological reactions to exogenous chemical species generated by an APP. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, October 13, 2016 3:00PM - 3:15PM |
SR3.00004: Plasma treatment of Seeds: effect on growth, spores and bacterial charge. P. F. Ambrico, M. Simek, M. Morano, M. Ambrico, A. Minafra, V. Prukner, R. M. De Miccolis Angelini, P. Trotti We report on the effect of low temperature plasma treatment on tomato, basil and tobacco commercial seeds. Seeds were treated in filtered ambient air volume, surface and plasma jet DBD at atmospheric pressure Sterile agar substrate, supplemented with a nutrient and vitamin mixture, was used to allow seeds germination in sterilized sealed plastic containers. The seeds were stored in controlled environmental condition (T $=$ 26C, cycle of 14hrs light/10hrs dark condition). Since all the procedure was performed under sterile conditions, only bacteria and fungi carried by seeds could grow. Plasma treatment significantly reduced the presence of bacterial contamination, while some fungi could resist at shortest exposures Seeds germination was then followed by time lapse photography in sterile water on 3MM Whatman paper in a closed container. The effect of plasma treatment was a faster germination time of seeds and emergence of cotyledons, able to start photosynthesis in seedlings.The plasma treated seeds were also sow in a soil/peat moss mixture. Plants were cultivated for about 40 days, showing that plasma induced a faster growth in length and weight with respect to untreated seeds.Furthermore the effect of plasma on seeds surface was studied by SEM imaging. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, October 13, 2016 3:15PM - 3:30PM |
SR3.00005: It's all about NO? -- The role of NO and its derivates produced by a DBD in air for wound healing K. Stapelmann, F. Kogelheide, S. Baldus, J.-W. Lackmann, P. Awakowicz, K. Kartaschew, M. Havenith, D. Schroeder, V. Schulz-von der Gathen, C. Oplaender, C.V. Suschek DBDs can be used therapeutically in various clinical applications [1], e.g. improving the wound healing [2]. Besides the disinfecting properties of plasma [3], tissue exposed to plasma responds to the highly reactive mixture of RONS [4]. In particular NO plays an essential role in skin physiology, e.g. promoting wound healing and influencing the microcirculation. However, not only NO itself but also NO-derivates (NOD), such as nitrite and nitrosothiols, play an essential role, acting as NO-storage under acidic conditions and thus contributing to NO bioavailability with a long-term effect. Selected results of the DFG package project PlaCID (Plasma-Cell-Interaction in Dermatology) are presented. Spatial and time-resolved characterization of the DBD regarding n$_{\mathrm{e}}$, O (TALIF) and O$_{\mathrm{3}}$ (OAS) densities is shown. Single skin components investigated with Raman and FTIR spectroscopy show distinct modifications caused by RONS. From single components to whole skin, we investigated diffusion of NO through intact epidermis and dermal enrichment with NOD, acting as long-term storage for NO bioavailability. [1] S. Emmert et al., \textit{Clin. Plasma Med.}, \textbf{1}, 2013 [2] F. Brehmer et al,\textit{ JEADV}, \textbf{29}, 2015 [3] A. Helmke, et al., \textit{Recent Pat. Antiinfect. Drug Discov}, 2012 [4] K. Heuer et al., \textit{Nitric Oxide} \textbf{44}, 2015 [Preview Abstract] |
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