Bulletin of the American Physical Society
68th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference/9th International Conference on Reactive Plasmas/33rd Symposium on Plasma Processing
Volume 60, Number 9
Monday–Friday, October 12–16, 2015; Honolulu, Hawaii
Session TF3: Applications of Plasmas |
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Chair: Hirotaka Toyoda, Nagoya University Room: 305 AB |
Friday, October 16, 2015 10:00AM - 10:30AM |
TF3.00001: Plasmas and Nanostructures for Energy Applications Invited Speaker: Sylvain Coulombe The contribution presents a Plasma Engineer's perspective on the utilization of plasmas and nanostructures produced through plasma processes in the context of energy, keeping in mind potential environmental impacts and process and product sustainability. Already-identified opportunities for plasma source and process development for end-of-pipe treatments are presented, but also for sustainability-inspired processes. In the area of nanomaterial synthesis, how can dry plasma processes making using a simple and environmentally-benign raw materials can be used to replace wet chemistry processes? How can one dictate power supply design for fine-tuned electrical energy utilization and minimal material use? How can plasma sources be used for off-hours electrical-to-chemical energy transformation and chemical energy densification? How can plasma sources be used for resource recovery from urban mines, e-waste and municipal solid waste so as to avoid energy-intensive primary mining, transformation, transportation and disposal of valuable and/or toxic materials? How can plasma-based processes be intensified for waste energy recovery and zero material losses? How can products be fabricated with minimal materials and energy use? How can products that are designed for recycling be fabricated and \textit{de}-fabricated using plasma processes, at minimal energy cost? Some of the emerging works along the above-mentioned lines and conducted by Canadian research institutions are presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 10:30AM - 10:45AM |
TF3.00002: Carbon nanoparticles in the radiation field of the stationary arc discharge Mikhail Shneider The arc discharge between the graphite electrodes burning in the high pressure atmosphere of inert gases is one of the standard methods of nanoparticle synthesis. The arc is a very powerful light emission source, which is close to the blackbody source. We present a simple theoretical model of heating the spherical carbon nanoparticles in the Rayleigh regime of the radiation absorption, depending on their size and the parameters of the radiating arc and the surrounding gas. We consider the conditions specific to the far periphery of the arc, where the degree of ionization is very small and the plasma effects in the heat balance are negligible. The following cooling processes are taken into account: radiative cooling; conductive cooling in collisions with the buffer gas atoms, and thermionic emission. The obtained results show that the nanoparticles temperatures significantly exceed the local temperature of the buffer gas. A quasi equilibrium temperature of the particle is higher the closer this particle is to the arc. The particle temperature is established within 10 microseconds. For this time the convective displacement of the particles is negligible. The heating of nanoparticles by the radiation can affect the process of synthesis. The degree of heating of the particle is determined by the particle's geometry, and this opens additional possibilities for nonintrusive optical diagnostics. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 10:45AM - 11:00AM |
TF3.00003: The structure of carbon needle-shaped materials grown above dehydrated ethanol using DC and AC surface plasma Dmytro Kozak, Etsuro Shibata, Atsushi Iizuka, Takashi Nakamura The developed method allows growing the carbon needle-shaped materials, which exhibit glassy carbon- and pyrocarbon-like structures, using DC and AC surface plasma on the cathode above dehydrated ethanol. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 11:00AM - 11:15AM |
TF3.00004: Development and investigation of a pulsed screw pinch for the application as a FAIR plasma stripper Marcus Iberler, Thilo Ackermann, Benjamin Bruenner, Fiona Faber, Christian Hock, Joerg Wiechula, Joachim Jacoby The purpose of this work is to study a combination of a Z- and a Theta-Pinch Plasma with a dynamic external magnetic field generated by a coil integrated into the discharge circuit. The coil is serially connected with the generated plasma and the pulse forming network. The maximum energy used for the experiment is 5 kJ. The axial and azimuthal fields oscillate with the changing current. So, one goal is to study possible synergy effects between the magnetic fields and the efficiency concerning the magnetic pressure. Furthermore, the density and charge state of the resulting plasma are of interest for possible application as a FAIR Plasma stripper. The pinch plasma is generated by a capacitive hollow cathode discharge. To achieve the interaction between the magnetic fields, a coil is wrapped around the discharge chamber. This way the current, first running through the coil, then as an arc discharge through the chamber, is responsible for both the z- and theta-pinch portions of the screw pinch. The first experiments are made to the left of the Paschen minimum using the breakdown voltage. This work focuses on the optical analysis of the plasma to determine the plasma parameters. A fast shutter camera is used for the spatial resolution of the plasma. In addition time resolved and time integrated spectrographic measurements are made to examine plasma temperature, density and charge state. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 11:15AM - 11:30AM |
TF3.00005: Loop-shaped UV lamp array with uniform irradiation distribution driven by a poly-phase ac discharge/plasma in a multi-pole magnetic field Kazunori Matsumoto An ultraviolet (UV) glow lamp in the shape of a loop had been devised by us to improve characteristics of spatial uniformity of irradiating distribution and emitting intensity of brightness. The lamps have been arrayed planarly into a light-emitting box, where spaces among lamps are wholly covered with aluminum thin-mirrors of high reflectivity for UV irradiation and surfaces of four walls surrounding the array are also covered with those. Experimental data measured by using a multi-channel spectroscope showed that spatial irradiation distributions over the emitting box were highly uniform in both longitudinal and horizontal directions, and furthermore in height direction. The results indicate that we are able to perform photo-curing processes homogeneously even if a substrate has a curved surface or the substrate moves relatively, under very small amount of irradiation energy compared with conventional high intensity UV lamps. The presented lamp array is not limited to the photo-curing application and can be used widely in various fields of industry. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 11:30AM - 11:45AM |
TF3.00006: A coherent x-ray source from plasma using high-order harmonic generation Dane Laban, Smijesh Achary, Nicolai Klemke, James Wood, Dashavir Chetty, David Kielpinski, Igor Litvinyuk, Robert Sang We present progress towards a tabletop light source of coherent x-rays with energies extending up to 5~keV. High-order harmonic generation (HHG) using an infrared ultrashort pulse in an uncharged gaseous medium is able to produce coherent and directional light with energies extending up to several hundred eV. By using a charged plasma as the HHG medium we will be able to extend the cut-off energy and brightness of the light into the keV region. In our proposed source a plasma containing mostly Cr$^{5+}$ is needed. The difficulties of producing such a light source arise from ensuring the plasma is spatially uniform and of a specific density to allow for efficient phase-matching of the generated light. We will discuss the experimental design, methodology used to obtain the plasma, present results on the characterization of the plasma, and some early results of the HHG spectrum obtained. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 16, 2015 11:45AM - 12:00PM |
TF3.00007: Evaluation of iodine as an alternative propellant for gridded electric space propulsion systems Pascaline Grondein, Trevor Lafleur, Pascal Chabert, Ane Aanesland Most state-of-the-art electric space propulsion systems such as gridded and Hall thrusters use xenon as the propellant gas. However, xenon is very rare, expensive to produce and used in a number of competing industrial applications. Alternatives to xenon are currently being investigated, and iodine has emerged as a potential candidate. Its lower cost, larger availability, its solid state at standard temperature and pressure, its low vapour pressure and its low ionization potential makes it an attractive option. In this work we compare the performances of a gridded ion thruster operating in iodine and in xenon under otherwise similar conditions using a global model. The thruster parameters such as neutral, ion and electron densities and electron temperature were calculated as well as the system performances such as thrust, specific impulse, etc. When running with a neutral gas flow of 1 mg/s, an acceleration potential of 1000 V and RF power of 800 W, the model predicts a thrust of 30 mN for an extraction diameter of 60 mm for both iodine and xenon. The thruster efficiency is however 15{\%} higher for iodine compared to xenon mainly due to the lower ionization energy for iodine and larger ion mass due to the contribution from I2 ions. [Preview Abstract] |
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