Bulletin of the American Physical Society
55th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics
Volume 58, Number 16
Monday–Friday, November 11–15, 2013; Denver, Colorado
Session PM10: Mini-Conference: Frontier HED Science Enabled by Advanced Light Sources III |
Hide Abstracts |
Chair: Farhat Beg, University of California, San Diego Room: Governor's Square 17 |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
PM10.00001: High Energy Density Sciences with High Power Lasers at SACLA Ryosuke Kodama One of the interesting topics on high energy density sciences with high power lasers is creation of extremely high pressures in material. The pressures of more than 0.1TPa are the energy density corresponding to the chemical bonding energy, resulting in expectation of dramatic changes in the chemical reactions. At pressures of more than TPa, most of material would be melted on the shock Hugoniot curve. However, if the temperature is less than 1eV or lower than a melting point at pressures of more than TPa, novel solid states of matter must be created through a pressured phase transition. One of the interesting materials must be carbon. At pressures of more than TPa, the diamond structure changes to BC and cubic at more than 3TPa. To create such novel states of matter, several kinds of isentropic-like compression techniques are being developed with high power lasers. To explore the ``Tera-Pascal Science,'' now we have a new tool which is an x-ray free electron laser as well as high power lasers. The XFEL will clear the details of the HED states and also efficiently create hot dense matter. We have started a new project on high energy density sciences using an XFEL (SACLA) in Japan, which is a HERMES (High Energy density Revolution of Matter in Extreme States) project. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
PM10.00002: Laboratory Astrophysics with High Power Lasers and 4$^{th}$ Generation Light Sources Gianluca Gregori The combination of high power optical lasers and free electron lasers operating at short wavelength (in the x-ray regime) has opened new avenues for laboratory astrophysics, where exotic states of matter can now be generated and probed with high accuracy. We will review a few examples of recent experiments performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free electron laser operating in Stanford (CA), but also discuss future applications. We will focus our discussion on the following three examples: 1) Laboratory analogues of white dwarf envelopes and the physics of strongly coupled plasmas near crystallization; 2) scaled laboratory experiments to investigate magnetized and radiative shocks; and 3) possible proposals for testing strong gravity analogues using x-ray Thomson scattering. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
PM10.00003: Laboratory astrophysics on FEL light sources Yutong Li XFEL is a novel tool to study high energy density (HED) matter and physics. Taking the advantages of high brilliance, ultrafast time resolution (fs), ultrahigh spatial resolution (sub micrometer), and high penetration ability to high density regions, one can apply it to create and probe HDE matter. In this talk, several examples will be discussed. One of them is magnetic reconnection (MR), which is believed to play an important role in many different plasma phenomena including solar flares, star formation, and other astrophysical events. We have constructed the topology of MR in laboratory by using Shenguang II laser facility in Shanghai. However, direct measurement of the physics of the electron diffusion regions have not been done since high spatial and temporal resolution are required, particularly, if when it is driven by PW short laser pulses. With XFEL, one can measure the electron current sheet directly, which is a key issue to understand the MR. Another example is the magnetic field-induced Weibel instability in collisionless shock waves, which is relevant to the supernova remnants. With the XFEL, one can directly probe the generation and evolution of the fine structure of the filaments in the collisionless shock waves. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
PM10.00004: Particle acceleration studies with intense lasers and advanced light sources C.D. Murphy, R.J. Gray, D.A. Maclellan, D. Rusby, P. McKenna, C.P. Ridgers, N. Booth, A.P.L. Robinson, L. Wilson, J.S. Green The interaction of lasers with matter is a subject which has progressed rapidly over the last two decades as higher intensity lasers are found to have possible applications in inertial fusion, laboratory astrophysics and ion acceleration for oncology or ultrafast proton probing. All of these applications require a good understanding of laser-electron coupling and fast electron transport in solid targets which has proven difficult to diagnose. Here we present data from an experiment carried out on the Astra Gemini laser system at STFC - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, where novel targets and diagnostics illuminate the complex processes at play. An outline of how x-ray free electron lasers may further expand our understanding of such processes will also be described. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
PM10.00005: Exploring matter in extreme conditions at the LCLS x-ray laser Siegfried Glenzer The Matter of Extreme Conditions end station at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory offers the unique combination of the LCLS x-ray beam with high-power nanosecond and femtosecond laser beams for precision pump-probe studies of high-energy density plasmas. The first x-ray Thomson scattering measurements on shock-compressed matter have recently shown unprecedented spectral, wavenumber and temporal resolution proving densities and temperatures in megabar shocks. When two shocks, driven from opposite sides into solid aluminum, coalesce the scattering angle of the ion-ion correlation peak significantly increases indicating 3x times compressed solid matter. In parallel, plasmons have been clearly resolved using a seeded x-ray beam. These proof-of-principle studies show great promise for future discoveries in high-intensity laser-plasma interaction physics. For this purpose, we are building a new 200 TW laser system allowing interaction experiments with ultrahigh temporal resolution and with very high data throughput. In this talk, we will present and discuss the first experimental results and provide an outlook for future studies using these emerging capabilities. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
PM10.00006: Ultra-Intense Short-Pulse Pair Creation Using the Texas Petawatt Laser Edison Liang, Alexander Henderson, Taylor Clarke, Devin Taylor, Petr Chaguine, Kristina Serratto, Nathan Riley, Gilliss Dyer, Michael Donovan, Todd Ditmire We report results from the 2012 pair creation experiment using the Texas Petawatt Laser. Up to 10$^{11}$ positrons per steradian were detected using 100 Joule pulses from the Texas Petawatt Laser to irradiate gold targets, with peak laser intensities up to 1.9x10$^{21}$W/cm$^2$ and pulse durations as short as 130 fs. Positron-to-electron ratios exceeding 20{\%} were measured on some shots. The positron energy, positron yield per unit laser energy, and inferred positron density are significantly higher than those reported in previous experiments. This confirms that, for a given laser energy, higher intensity and shorter pulses irradiating thicker targets are more favorable for pair creation. Narrow-band high-energy positrons up to 23 MeV were observed from thin targets. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, November 13, 2013 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
PM10.00007: Using XFELs to probe the interaction dynamics of ultra-intense lasers with solid-density matter Thomas Cowan The unprecedented brightness, temporal structure and coherence of hard x-ray FELs will allow revolutionary new techniques for probing the interaction of ultra-intense lasers with solid density matter. This talk will review new concepts for XFEL-based Small Angle X-ray Scattering to be used to probe the ionization dynamics, laser-plasma instabilities, and transient bulk electron response of laser-driven solid-density plasma. [Preview Abstract] |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700