Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2013 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics
Volume 58, Number 13
Wednesday–Saturday, October 23–26, 2013; Newport News, Virginia
Session NA: New Developments in the Neutrino and Nuclear Physics of Stellar Core Collapse |
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Chair: Rebecca Surman, Union College Room: Grand Ballroom I |
Saturday, October 26, 2013 8:30AM - 9:06AM |
NA.00001: Key issues regarding neutrinos and nucleosynthesis in core collapse supernovae Invited Speaker: Grant J. Mathews Neutrino interactions are a key component of the mechanism for supernova explosions and also play an important role in the associated nucleosynthesis. Nevertheless, a number of issues remain to be resolved. For one the role of neutrino heated convection in the outer envelopes may be crucial to generating an explosion. This talk will summarize some of the current issues regarding neutrino interactions in the core and outer envelopes as a supernova progresses. In addition to the neutrino transport issues, we will review some current topics in neutrino induced nucleosynthesis (the $\nu$ process) and how neutrino oscillations and nucleosynthesis might modify the explosion dynamics and/or constrain the neutrino mass hierarchy. We will also review the current conundrum regarding the prospects for the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in the neutrino energized wind above the nascent neutron star. Subtle nuclear physics issues will be summarized. We also review the critical role of neutrinos in the high temperature accretion disk around the black hole of a failed supernova ({\it collapsar} model). This collapsar scenario is a model for long-duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) is a possible site for r-process nucleosynthesis. We present numerical r-process calculations in the context of a MHD + neutrino pair heated collapsar simulation. Neutrino heating of the jet is crucial for achieving the required relativistic outflow and at the same time generating material with a high neutron excess. This model begins with relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations including ray-tracing neutrino transport to describe the development of the black hole accretion disk and the heating of the funnel region to produce a relativistic jet. The late time evolution of the jet then utilizes axisymmetric special relativistic hydrodynamics to follow the temperature, entropy, electron fraction, and density for representative test particles flowing with the jet from temperatures of $9 \times 10^9$ to $3 \times 10^8$ K. The evolution of nuclear abundances from nucleons to heavy nuclei for representative test particle trajectories was solved in a large nuclear reaction network. We show that a $r$-process-like abundance distribution is formed within neutrino heated regions of the relativistic outflowing jet and argue that sufficient mass is ejected within the flow to account for the observed r-process abundance distribution along with the large dispersion in r-process elements observed in metal-poor halo stars. Finally, we discuss the nuclear physics issues and possible role of relic supernova neutrinos in resolving the supernova rate problem. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 26, 2013 9:06AM - 9:42AM |
NA.00002: Neutrino Oscillations Effects in the Context of Accretion Disks Invited Speaker: Annelise Malkus Neutrino oscillation effects due to the interaction of neutrinos with one another are diverse and depend strongly on having high densities of neutrinos. Accretion disks, which can arise from neutron star mergers or certain supernovae, are a setting where neutrino emission is high enough to be home to many of the neutrino-neutrino interaction effects seen in the early universe and supernova settings. Meanwhile, they lend themselves to additional effects not seen in other settings. We look in depth at one such effect, where the neutrino-neutrino interaction occurs at the same scale as the neutrino-electron interaction that can also influence oscillation. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 26, 2013 9:42AM - 10:18AM |
NA.00003: TBD Invited Speaker: Mark Vagins |
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